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Global Innovation Index
Index for innovation From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for and success in innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). It was started in 2007 by INSEAD and World Business,[1]: 203 a British magazine. Until 2021, it was published by WIPO in partnership with Cornell University, INSEAD, and other organisations and institutions.[2]: 333 [3] It is based on both subjective and objective data derived from several sources, including the International Telecommunication Union, the World Bank, and the World Economic Forum.[1]: 203
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History
The Global Innovation Index was started in 2007 by INSEAD and World Business,[1]: 203 a British magazine. It was created by Soumitra Dutta.[4]
Methodology
The Global Innovation Index is computed by taking a simple average of the scores in two sub-indices (the Innovation Input Index and Innovation Output Index), which are composed of respectively five and two pillars. Each of those pillars describes an attribute of innovation and have to five indicators, and their score is calculated by the weighted average method.[5]
Since its inception in 2007, the index has had its results analyzed by an increasing number of governments annually, which design policy responses to improve their performance.[6][7][8][9][10] The index is mentioned in a resolution on science, technology and innovation for sustainable development adopted on 19 December 2019 by the General Assembly of the United Nations.[11]
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Criticism
Four Serbian scholars (Predrag Dašić, Jovan Dašić, Dejan Antanasković and Nina Pavićević) think that the index has been criticised for giving excessive significance attributed to factors that are not integral to innovation. For instance, "Ease of Paying Taxes", "Electricity Output" (half-weightage), and "Ease of Protecting Minority Investors" are factors alongside "Ease of Getting Credit" and "Venture Capital Deals."[12]
Themes
Every two years, the index covers a theme related to innovation that goes beyond the innovation rankings. In 2020, the theme was "Who will finance innovation?" and shed light on the state of innovation financing by investigating the evolution of existing mechanisms and by pointing to progress and remaining challenges. Previous themes covered topics such as health innovation, environmental innovation, and agricultural and food innovation.[13]
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Ranking
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Perspective
The Global Innovation Index 2024 scores 133 countries and regions.[14][15] The sorting order is in descending score.
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See also
References
Further reading
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