HARS

Not to be confused with Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale.

Not to be confused with Historical Aircraft Restoration Society.

Histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HARS) also known as histidine-tRNA ligase, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the HARS gene.^[5][6]

HARS1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1X59, 2LW7, 4G84, 4G85, 4PHC, 4X5O
Identifiers
Aliases	HARS1, HRS, USH3B, CMT2W, histidyl-tRNA synthetase, HARS, histidyl-tRNA synthetase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 142810; MGI: 108087; HomoloGene: 1592; GeneCards: HARS1; OMA:HARS1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human)[1] Band 5q31.3 Start 140,673,035 bp[1] End 140,691,537 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 18 (mouse)[2] Band 18|18 B2 Start 36,899,581 bp[2] End 36,916,258 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in lateral nuclear group of thalamus right frontal lobe anterior pituitary pars compacta pars reticulata right hemisphere of cerebellum Brodmann area 9 nucleus accumbens putamen caudate nucleus Top expressed in ureter cingulate gyrus primitive streak fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell medial vestibular nucleus medullary collecting duct lateral hypothalamus epiblast medial dorsal nucleus dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity nucleotide binding ligase activity ATP binding histidine-tRNA ligase activity identical protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm mitochondrion cytosol Biological process tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation protein biosynthesis mitochondrial translation histidyl-tRNA aminoacylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3035 15115 Ensembl ENSG00000170445 ENSMUSG00000001380 UniProt P12081 Q61035 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002109 NM_001258040 NM_001258041 NM_001258042 NM_001289092 NM_001289093 NM_001289094 NM_008214 RefSeq (protein) NP_001244969 NP_001244970 NP_001244971 NP_001276021 NP_001276022 NP_001276023 NP_002100 NP_032240 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 140.67 – 140.69 Mb Chr 18: 36.9 – 36.92 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic enzyme which belongs to the class II family of aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. The enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of histidyl-transfer RNA, which is essential for the incorporation of histidine into proteins.^[7] The gene is located in a head-to-head orientation with HARSL on chromosome five, where the homologous genes share a bidirectional promoter.^[5]

Clinical significance

The gene product is a frequent target of autoantibodies in the human autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis.^[7]

Interactions

HARS has been shown to interact with EEF1B2^[8] and EEF1G.^[8]