LRRC24

Leucine rich repeat containing 24 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the LRRC24 gene.^[5] The protein is represented by the official symbol LRRC24, and is alternatively known as LRRC14OS.^[6] The function of LRRC24 is currently unknown. It is a member of the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) superfamily of proteins.

LRRC24
Identifiers
Aliases	LRRC24, LRRC14OS, leucine rich repeat containing 24
External IDs	MGI: 3605040; HomoloGene: 86785; GeneCards: LRRC24; OMA:LRRC24 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 8 (human)[1] Band 8q24.3 Start 144,522,388 bp[1] End 144,527,033 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse)[2] Band 15|15 D3 Start 76,599,476 bp[2] End 76,606,373 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in gonad pituitary gland anterior pituitary hypothalamus Brodmann area 9 anterior cingulate cortex superior frontal gyrus prefrontal cortex nucleus accumbens right hemisphere of cerebellum Top expressed in superior frontal gyrus lumbar subsegment of spinal cord primary visual cortex neural layer of retina dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell central gray substance of midbrain cerebellar cortex supraoptic nucleus dorsal tegmental nucleus hippocampus proper More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 441381 378937 Ensembl ENSG00000254402 ENSMUSG00000033707 UniProt Q50LG9 Q8BHA1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001024678 NM_198119 RefSeq (protein) NP_001019849 NP_932787 Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 144.52 – 144.53 Mb Chr 15: 76.6 – 76.61 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Gene

In humans, LRRC24 is located on Chromosome 8 (8q24.3). The gene spans approximately 4.66 kb on the opposite strand.^[5] LRRC24 is composed of five exons, and only a single gene isoform has been identified.^[5]

GeneCards Genomic View for LRRC24 gene^[6]

Protein

General features

LRRC24 is a transmembrane protein of unknown function. Human LRRC24 consists of 513 amino acids including a 23 amino acid signal peptide.^[5][7] The mature form of the protein has a molecular weight of 52.9 kDa.^[8] The isoelectric point of the mature human protein is 7.98^[9] The protein is largely composed of alpha helices.^[10]

Domains

LRRC24 is a single-pass transmembrane protein. The protein consists of six leucine-rich repeats and an immunoglobulin-like domain.^[5][11]

Feature	Position(s)	Description
Signal Peptide	1-23	[12]
Domain	24-50	Leucine rich repeat N-terminal domain (LRRNT)[13][14]
Repeat	51-72	Leucine rich repeat 1 (LRR 1)[13][14]
Repeat	75-96	LRR 2[13][14]
Repeat	99-120	LRR 3[13][14]
Repeat	123-144	LRR 4[13][14]
Repeat	147-168	LRR 5[13][14]
Repeat	171-192	LRR 6[13][14]
Domain	204-257	Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain (LRRCT)[13][14]
Domain	259-364	Immunoglobulin-like domain (Ig-like)[13][14]
Domain	406-426	Transmembrane domain (TMEM)[15]
Motif	427-436	Arginine-rich motif (ARM)[13]

Diagram of LRRC24. Domains are labelled as predicted;^[16] grey markers represent confirmed N-linked glycosylated arginine residues (N334 & N363); red marker represents confirmed phorphorylated tyrosine (Y509); Figure created using Prosite MyDomains-Image Creator^[17]

Localization

LRRC24 is a secreted protein as is evidenced by the presence of a signal peptide. The structure of the protein suggests that it localizes to the cell membrane.

Homology

LRRC24 is conserved in Euteleostomi with the exception of Aves.^[5][18] Also, based on sequence homology analysis, distant orthologs of LRRC24 are also conserved in invertebrates of phyla Mollusca and Arthropoda.^[5] No human paralogs of LRRC24 have been identified.

An unrooted phylogenetic tree of LRRC24 orthologs generated using Phylip’s DrawTree^[16] and ClustalW.^[9][19]

Expression

Microarray and in situ hybridization experiments suggest LRRC24 is primarily expressed within the brain.^[20][21][22] Expression is observed to be especially high within the midbrain, neocortex, and tissues of the limbic system, including the hypothalamus and hippocampal formation.^[20][22][23]

Interactions

Protein-protein interactions of LRRC24 implicate the protein with cell signaling, cell migration, and axon guidance. ROBO2 was found to interact with LRRC24.^[24][25] ROBO2 is a member of the Roundabout gene family, which are well known to play a significant role in nervous system development. Also, LRRC24 was found to interact with LRRTM4, a protein believed to be involved in synaptogenesis, as well as the maintenance of the nervous system in vertebrates.^[25]

LRRC24 has also been found to interact with IGFBP7, a known regulator of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs).^[25] IGFBP7 is also involved in the stimulation of cell adhesion.

Clinical significance

To date, no study has specifically implicated LRRC24 or the LRRC24 gene with any case of clinical significance.^[26]