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List of electronic toll collection systems
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This is a list of electronic toll collection systems in use on toll roads throughout the world.
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Africa
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South Africa
Open Road (ORT) E-tolling on the Gauteng Freeway system started on 3 December 2013. The cost for the ETC system to toll 187 km of roads was R20bn. Electronic Toll Collection (Pty) Ltd (ETC), a subsidiary of Kapsch TrafficCom AG, is the contracted company that designed, built and is still operating the system, and in turn oversees the Transaction Clearing House (TCH) which oversees customer accounts, and the Violation Processing Centre (VPC) which will follow procedures against payment defaulters. Vehicles are identified electronically without any cash transactions taking place on the road or highway. Vehicle identification is facilitated by an e-tag or a vehicle license plate number which is recorded by overhead cameras installed on gantries, and interpreted by computer.
The system was widely denounced, and poor compliance affected SANRAL's credit rating. A public coalition known as 'Opposition to Urban Tolling Alliance', later renamed Organisation Undoing Tax Abuse (OUTA), launched initiatives to frustrate e-tolling's implementation, and a trade union, law firm and church were among the dissenting voices. OUTA believed the system to be unlawful and approached the high court in 2012, which ruled that the GFIP was lawfully instituted, but denied SANRAL a punitive costs order. In 2014 OUTA launched the Rule of Law campaign and promised to challenge the legality of procedures against payment defaulters.
In the first six months the overdue toll fees of unregistered road users accrued to R1 billion, and the Gauteng government acknowledged the dissatisfaction of motorists. Sanral CEO Skhumbuzo Macozoma confirmed in Sep 2020 that Gauteng's e-toll compliance rate before the COVID-19 pandemic was at 20%, collecting only R60-million a month.
- e-toll operated by Sanral[1] throughout the Gauteng province. Cities include Johannesburg, Pretoria, Centurion, Midrand, Soweto and the East and West Rand.
- Bakwena N1N4 Toll Concession[2] The Bakwena N1N4 Toll is a separate system and has been operating for the past 12 years. The e-tag system employed by Sanral is also compatible with the current Bakwena tags and may be registered with Sanral's e-toll system for use on certain sections of the N1 and N4 towards Bela-Bela, Rustenburg and Botswana.[3]
- Since December 2015, the e-tag is operational on all toll roads nationally.[4]
Kenya
The Nairobi Expressway is a 27 kilometres (17 mi) toll road in Kenya. ETC started operation in 2022 with users needing to top-up their ETC accounts prior to using the service. ETC users on the Nairobi Expressway enjoy a 5% discount off all trips. [5]
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Asia
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East Asia
China
ETC has operated in China since June 2014. In December 2014, 13 provinces supported ETC. By December 2015, it was accepted in 29 provinces. Plans vary by province and bank, and discounted rates (usually 5% off) may be available in some areas. The MoT scheduled to cancel all cross-provinces and cross-junctions toll booths in 2019, by renovating toll booths in all entries and exits, plus installing barrels (like how Electronic Road Pricing in Singapore works) on the province borders to fully support non-stop payments, and hence all such toll booths were closed by January 2020.[6]
Type of payment: prepaid card, some Chinese debit card (depends on at which bank one's ETC account was opened), some Chinese credit cards (depends on at which bank one's ETC account was opened), and (in some provinces) Alipay and WeChat pay. There is usually an up front payment for new users. Wherever a Chinese ETC account is opened, it is accepted nationwide as long as ETC is supported in that area.
Some emergency services vehicles, such as fire trucks and military vehicles also have ETC e-tags installed by MEM and MND.
There are no known payment systems and toll booths for expressways in Hainan and Tibet, because:
- Management fees of Hainan expressways are combined with fuel surcharges, and hence instead of drivers paying tolls, such fees are dynamically paid by filling stations in Hainan;
- Expressways in Tibet are built by Tibetan PAPs, and are directly managed by State Council.
Hong Kong
Covers toll roads and tunnels in Hong Kong; 220,000 users making 320,000 daily transactions.
Japan
ETC started operation in 2001. It covers toll roads and tunnels in Japan; there are 6,000,000 daily transactions with a usage ratio of 90%.[7]
South Korea
hi-pass, operated by Korea Expressway Corporation, covers all national express roads and several BTO/BTL roads in South Korea. From 2013, transportation cards the (T-money, Cashbee, and Hanpay) are compatible with existing hi-pass system.
Taiwan
Taiwan's ETC systems have been operating since February 10, 2006. It transitioned from OBU (infrared-based) to e-Tag (passive RFID-based) MLFF as of 2012, and started live operations in December 2013.
West Asia
South Asia
India
FASTag is the electronic toll collection system in India, operated by the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI).[8][9] It employs RFID for making toll payments directly from the prepaid balance or savings account linked to it. A transponder is affixed on the windscreen of the vehicle and it enables the user to drive through toll plazas without stopping for transactions. FASTag has unlimited validity. Dedicated lanes at some toll plazas have been built for FASTag. As of September 2019, FASTag lanes are available on over 500 national and state highways and over 35.23 million cars are enabled with FASTag.[10] From 15 February 2021, FASTag was made mandatory for all vehicles and toll plazas in the country.[11]
Pakistan
M-Tag is the electronic toll collection system deployed on the motorways of Pakistan by One Network. It is deployed on every motorway in Pakistan except M-14 motorway (Pakistan) and M-8 motorway (Pakistan). It includes a system of automated and centrally connected electronic toll collection system utilizing the latest technology. https://onenetwork.pk/
Sri Lanka
Southeast Asia
Indonesia
In the early 2010s Bank Mandiri introduced the e-toll (now Mandiri e-money) contactless charge card, which monopolized the Electronic Toll Collection system in Indonesia's expressways for a time.
Since October 31, 2017 all expressways in Indonesia no longer accept cash tolls.
Toll booths only accept contactless charge cards as part of a greater "National Non-Cash Movement"[12] (Gerakan Nasional Non Tunai, GNNT) organized by the central bank. As of the time of the switchover, charge cards issued by the three state-owned banks Bank Mandiri, BNI, and BRI, as well as those issued by BCA, or co-branded with those four banks, were accepted. Jakcard from Bank DKI and BSB Cash from Bank Sumsel Babel are also accepted in local toll roads.
This is also a part of the Government of Indonesia's plan to eradicate toll booths and replace them with open-road tolling (officially called Multi-Lane Free Flow, MLFF by the government) similar to the ETC system in Taiwan.
Malaysia
Philippines
There are two brands of RFID electronic toll collection systems in the country: Easytrip for expressways operated by Metro Pacific Investments and Autosweep for those operated by San Miguel Corporation.[13] Both types were aimed to become interoperable sometime in 2020,[14] as the Department of Transportation will start requiring users to register to either ETC system by January 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[15] Currently, there are no plans for the country to use open road tolling.
Singapore
Thailand
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Europe
British Isles
- Ireland – eToll national standard
- Ireland – Eazy Pass National Toll Roads implementation of eToll
- United Kingdom – Dart-Tag for the Dartford Crossing
- United Kingdom – London congestion charge in London
- United Kingdom – Fast tag Mersey tunnels: Queensway Tunnel and Kingsway Tunnel
- United Kingdom – M6 Toll tag in the Midlands
- United Kingdom – Severn TAG for the Severn Bridge crossing and Second Severn Crossing
- United Kingdom – Tamar Bridge
- United Kingdom – permit for the Tyne Tunnel linking North and South Tyneside
- United Kingdom — HumberTag, used on the Humber Bridge in North Lincolnshire and the East Riding of Yorkshire
Central Europe
- Austria – Videomaut for motorways and expressways subject to special tolls (Sondermautstrecke)
- Austria – go-maut[18] for the national Autobahn network (where passenger cars would require a vignette)
- Czech Republic – premid[19] for trucks on highways
- Germany – LKW-MAUT for trucks on Autobahns
- Hungary – HU-GO,[20] on all highways in Hungary for any vehicle
- Poland – e-TOLL mandatory for trucks over 3.5 tons and buses, optional for passenger cars[21]
- Slovak Republic – SkyToll a. s.[22] for vehicles over 3.5 tons total weight
- Slovenia – DarsGo (for vehicles over 3.5 tons)[23]
- Switzerland – LSVA ("performance-related heavy vehicle fee")[24]
Eastern Europe
- Belarus – BelToll,[25] on all tolled highways[26]
- Russia – Flow+ (on Western Rapid Diameter, Saint Petersburg cross-city express motorway), Avtodor (on high-speed toll Moscow–Saint Petersburg motorway and toll shortcuts on M4 highway)
Northern Europe
- Denmark/Sweden – BroBizz (EasyGo) for the Øresund, Great Belt and Crown Princess Mary's bridges
- Latvia - LVvignette[27]
- Lithuania - e-vignette for vehicles over 3.5 tons and goods vehicles under 3.5 t (EU category N1)[28]
- Norway – AutoPASS (EasyGo)[29] on some ferries and all toll roads except the Atlantic Ocean Tunnel
- Sweden – Stockholm congestion tax in Stockholm, Gothenburg congestion tax in Gothenburg and infrastructure charge on Motala and Sundsvall bridges[30]
Southeast Europe
- Bosnia and Herzegovina – ACC, in federation of Bosnia and hercegovina ,ENP in Relublick of Srpska
- Bulgaria – TollPass, on all highways and first class roads for vehicles above 3.5 tons[31]
- Romania – eTarif - Peaj, eRovinieta road tax mandatory for all automobiles [32]
- Serbia – ENP, on all tolled highways in Serbia
- Turkey – OGS (active onboard transponder, abbreviation for "Otomatik Gecis Sistemi") and HGS provider by Turkish Post (passive RFID, abbreviation for "Hizli Gecis Sistemi")
Southern Europe
- Croatia – ENC, on all tolled motorways in Croatia (autocesta) except A2[33]
- Italy – Telepass, UnipolMove and MooneyGo on all Autostrade (motorway network). Telepass has been the first full-implemented ETC in Europe.
- Portugal – Via Verde
- Portugal – Highways A22 (Algarve) and A28 (Porto) operated by Via Livre[34]
- Spain – VIA-T,[35] VIA-T Pagatelia,[36] VIA-T Bip&Drive[37]
Western Europe
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North America
Canada
- Maritime Provinces
- MACPASS in the Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia[40]
- E-Pass at the Cobequid Pass, Cumberland County, Nova Scotia[41]
- Strait Pass at the Confederation Bridge[42]
- Ontario
- 407 ETR/Highway 407E in the Greater Toronto Area[43][44]
- E-ZPass at the Peace Bridge and the Lewiston–Queenston Bridge
- Quebec
- Le lien intelligent at the Olivier-Charbonneau Bridge (autoroute 25) crossing the Rivière des Prairies in Montreal[45]
- A30 Express at the Pont Serge-Marcil (autoroute 30) crossing the Saint Lawrence River in the Montreal area[46]
Costa Rica
- Quick Pass lanes employ technology similar to the technology that E-ZPass uses in the United States at toll booths nationwide.[47]
Dominican Republic
- Paso Rapido lanes employ technology similar to the technology that E-ZPass uses in the United States at toll booths nationwide.[48]
Mexico
- IAVE[49] is used on all the highways operated by Caminos y Puentes Federales (CAPUFE).
Puerto Rico
- AutoExpreso,[50] which is accepted at all Metropistas and Autopistas de Puerto Rico toll roads.[51][52]
United States
The 2012 transportation funding bill MAP-21 required all electronic tolling systems on Interstate highways be compatible by October 1, 2016, but no funding and no penalty were provided, so discussions on interoperability are ongoing[53] through the International Bridge, Tunnel and Turnpike Association.[54] In Florida, older battery-powered SunPass transponders were no longer accepted as of January 1, 2016, in preparation for future compatibility with E-ZPass toll booths. Several mobile tolling platforms are currently in use.
- E-ZPass in Midwestern United States, Eastern United States, Florida and Minnesota[55]
- I-Pass in Illinois[56]
- NC Quick Pass in North Carolina[57]
- RiverLink system in Indiana and Kentucky for bridges over the Ohio River in the Louisville metro area. These presently include the formerly toll-free John F. Kennedy Bridge for southbound I-65, the Abraham Lincoln Bridge on northbound I-65, and the Lewis and Clark Bridge (including the East End Tunnel on the Kentucky approach) on IN 265/KY 841 (future extension of I-265 in both states). Motorists can obtain an E-ZPass transponder or a non-interoperable RiverLink one for use on RiverLink facilities only.
- The E-ZPass system was branded as I-Zoom on the Indiana Toll Road from 2007 to 2012.
- In Massachusetts, the E-ZPass system was branded as Fast Lane between 1998 and 2012. As of 2016, all toll facilities in Massachusetts use open-road tolling, and customers without transponders are charged a higher pay-by-plate rate.
- On May 28, 2021, the Florida Turnpike Enterprise announced that its SunPass facilities would begin accepting E-ZPass. In addition, E-ZPass facilities began accepting SunPass Pro transponders (but not earlier SunPass transponders).[58][59]
- MnPass in Minnesota was rebranded into EZ-Pass on August 2, 2021.[60]
- Additionally, there are E-ZPass lanes in Ontario, Canada at the Peace Bridge (Canada-bound direction only) and the Lewiston-Queenston Bridge
- Downbeach Express Pass on the Downbeach Express in New Jersey[61]
- E-PASS in Central Florida
- North Carolina Quick Pass
- Georgia PeachPass
- Florida SunPass
- Illinois I-Pass[62]
- E-ZPass
- Uni Toll Pass (previously known as E-PASS Xtra)
- Interoperable with:
- Florida E-PASS
- Florida SunPass
- Georgia PeachPass
- North Carolina QuickPass
- Illinois I-Pass
- Louisville RiverLink
- E-ZPass
- Interoperable with:
- Express Pass in Utah
- I-15 HOT lanes in the Salt Lake City area[63]
- EXpressToll network in Colorado[64]
- GO-PASS on Northwest Parkway[65]
- FasTrak in California[66]
- Freedom Pass in Alabama[67] at the following locations:
- Tuscaloosa Bypass
- Montgomery Expressway
- Emerald Mountain Expressway
- Beach Express
- GeauxPass in Louisiana[68]
- Good to Go in Washington state[69]
- In Michigan
- MacPass at the Mackinac Bridge[70]
- Nexpress Toll at the Detroit-Windsor Tunnel[71]
- NationalPass, a system for providing a single transponder claimed to be compatible with all of the other systems listed here.
- Palmetto Pass in South Carolina[72]
- Southeast interoperability area
- NC Quick Pass in North Carolina[57]
- Peach Pass in Georgia[73]
- SunPass in Florida
- LeeWay in Lee County
- O-PASS in Osceola County
- C-Pass in Key Biscayne was replaced by SunPass and pay-by-plate on September 23, 2014.[74]
- SunPass PRO has been launched and is interoperable with E-ZPass system in the north east[75]
- Central Plains interoperability area (North Texas Tollway Authority hub)
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Oceania
Australia
- Airport Link Tunnel in Brisbane, Queensland
- Clem Jones Tunnel (Clem7) in Brisbane
- Gateway Motorway in Brisbane
- Go Between Bridge in Brisbane
- Logan Motorway in Brisbane
- Legacy Way Tunnel in Brisbane
- CityLink, in Melbourne, Victoria
- Eastlink, in Melbourne
- Sydney Harbour Bridge and Sydney Harbour Tunnel, in Sydney, New South Wales
- Eastern Distributor in Sydney
- M2 Hills Motorway, in Sydney
- M4 Western Motorway, in Sydney
- M5 South Western Motorway, in Sydney
- Westlink M7, in Sydney
- Cross City Tunnel, in Sydney
- Lane Cove Tunnel, in Sydney
New Zealand
- Northern Gateway Toll Road on the Northern Motorway in Auckland
- Tauranga Eastern Link Toll Road on State highway 2 in Tauranga
- Takitimu Drive Toll road on State highway 29 in Tauranga
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South America
Argentina
- Autopistas Avenida General Paz and Acceso Norte in Buenos Aires[82] system PASE (Peaje Automático Sin Espera)
- Autopista 25 de Mayo[83]
- Autopista Dellepiane[83]
- Autopista Perito Moreno[83]
- Autopista Arturo Illia[83]
- Autopista Ezeiza – Cañuelas[84]
- Autopista Acceso Oeste[85]
- Autopista La Plata – Buenos Aires[86]
- Autopista Camino Parque del Buen Ayre[87]
- Córdoba – Caminos de las sierras (CUIS)[88]
Brazil
Chile
- Autopista Central[93] in Santiago
- Autopista Vespucio Sur[94] in Santiago
- Autopista Vespucio Norte Express[95] in Santiago
- Costanera Norte[96] in Santiago (world's first free-flow ETC freeway to cross through a downtown area)
- Túnel San Cristóbal[97] in Santiago
- Acceso Sur de Santiago and Chile Highway 5 Santiago – Talca section[98]
- Chile Route 68[99] in Santiago – Valparaíso and Santiago Viña del Mar
- International Highway Los Libertadores[100] (Chilean section)
- Arturo Merino Benitez Road Access[101] in Santiago
Colombia
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External links
References
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