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List of mammals of Russia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of mammals of Russia
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This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Russia. There are 266 mammal species in Russia, of which five are critically endangered, thirteen are endangered, twenty-six are vulnerable, and six are near threatened. One of the species listed for Russia is extinct and one can no longer be found in the wild. All the mammals of Russia are in the subclass Theria and infraclass Eutheria, being all placental.[1]

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The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is the national animal of Russia

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EXExtinctNo reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EWExtinct in the wildKnown only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CRCritically endangeredThe species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
ENEndangeredThe species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VUVulnerableThe species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NTNear threatenedThe species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LCLeast concernThere are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DDData deficientThere is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
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Order: Rodentia (rodents)

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Red squirrel
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European hamster
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Bobak marmot
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Edible dormouse
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Northern birch mouse
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Winter white Russian dwarf hamster
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Bank vole
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Norway lemming
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Common vole
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Tundra vole
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Yellow-necked mouse

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

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Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

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Northern pika
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European rabbit
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Mountain hare

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

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Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, gymnures, moles and solenodons)

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West European hedgehog

Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

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Lesser white-toothed shrew
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Common shrew
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Russian desman
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European mole

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

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Daubenton's bat
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Barbastelle
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Serotine bat
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Common noctule

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

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Order: Cetacea (whales)

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Bowhead whales in Shantar Islands
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Blue whale
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Humpback whale
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Western gray whale on Sakhalin
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Harbour porpoise
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Dall's porpoise
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Striped dolphin
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Common dolphin
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Orca

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

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Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

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Leopard cat
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Siberian tiger
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Snow leopard
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Red fox
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Corsac fox
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Gray wolf
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Dhole
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Raccoon dog
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Least weasel
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European otter
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Northern fur seal
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Walrus
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Common seal

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

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Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

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Wild horse

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

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Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

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Saiga antelope
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West Caucasian tur

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

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Locally extinct and extinct

The following species are locally extinct in the country:

The following species are extinct:

See also

References

External links

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