Member states of ASEAN

As of 2010^[update], the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has 10 member states, one candidate member state, and one observer state.

█ ASEAN full member states
█ ASEAN candidate member state
█ ASEAN observer state
██ ASEAN Plus Three
███ East Asia Summit
██████ ASEAN Regional Forum

ASEAN was founded on 8 August 1967 with five member states: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. It is headquartered in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Lists

A list of member states is provided below. The members of ASEAN Plus Three and the East Asia Summit are also listed. Both forums are ASEAN-led and meetings are held following the ASEAN Summit.

Also listed are participants of the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), an organisation throughout the Asia–Pacific region whose objectives are to foster dialogue and consultation, and promote confidence-building and preventive diplomacy in the region.^[1]

The ASEAN is an organisation on the Southeast Asian region that aims to accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development among its members and to promote regional peace.^[2]

ASEAN member states

Country	Capital	Area (km2)	Population	Density (/km2)	GDP (PPP)	HDI	Currency	Official languages	Leaders		Accession[3]	Joining the ASEAN Regional Forum[4]
									Head of state	Head of government
Brunei	Bandar Seri Begawan	5,765	j411,900[5]	65	29,731	0.838	Brunei dollar (BND; B$)	Malay	Hassanal Bolkiah		7 January 1984	1994
Cambodia	Phnom Penh	181,035	g15,626,444[6]	78	78,065	0.594	Cambodian riel (KHR; ៛)[a] United States dollar (USD; $)[b]	Khmer	Norodom Sihamoni	Hun Manet	30 April 1999	1995
Indonesia	Jakarta	1,904,569	a255,975,000[7]	113	3,507,239	0.718	Indonesian rupiah (IDR; Rp)	Indonesian	Prabowo Subianto		8 August 1967	1994
Laos	Vientiane	236,800	h6,492,400[8]	24	62,797	0.613	Lao kip (LAK; ₭)	Lao	Thongloun Sisoulith	Sonexay Siphandone	23 July 1997	1994
Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur	329,847	f31,427,096[9]	72	978,781	0.810	Malaysian ringgit (MYR; RM)	Malay	Ibrahim	Anwar Ibrahim	8 August 1967	1994
Myanmar	Naypyidaw	676,578	e51,419,420[10]	81	258,677	0.583	Burmese kyat (MMK; K)	Burmese	Min Aung Hlaing (acting)	Nyo Saw	23 July 1997	1996
Philippines	Manila	343,448	b103,371,800[11]	295	1,000,617	0.718	Philippine peso (PHP; ₱)	Filipino and English	Bongbong Marcos		8 August 1967	1994
Singapore	Singapore	707.1	i5,535,000[12]	6,619	600,063	0.938	Singapore dollar (SGD; S$)	Malay, Mandarin, English, and Tamil	Tharman Shanmugaratnam	Lawrence Wong	8 August 1967	1994
Thailand	Bangkok	513,115	d65,339,612[13]	126	1,329,324	0.777	Thai baht (THB; ฿)	Thai	Vajiralongkorn	Paetongtarn Shinawatra (suspended, de facto acting by Phumtham Wechayachai)	8 August 1967	1994
Vietnam	Hanoi	331,690	c99,000,000[14]	248	1,148,054	0.704	Vietnamese đồng (VND; ₫)	Vietnamese	Tô Lâm[c] Lương Cường	Phạm Minh Chính	28 July 1995	1994
ASEAN (total)	Jakarta (Headquarters)	4,479,210	673.655	135	5,869[15]	0.729 (UNDP cal.)	—	English (Working language)	Kao Kim Hourn (Secretary-general)		—	—

Non-member states

ASEAN candidate/observer states

See also: Enlargement of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations

Country	Capital	Area (km2)	Population	Density (/km2)	GDP per cap. (PPP)	HDI	Currency	Official languages	Leaders		Status	Joining the ASEAN Regional Forum[4]
									Head of state	Head of government
Papua New Guinea[16][17]	Port Moresby	462,840	a7,400,000[citation needed]	14.5	2,399	0.491	Papua New Guinean kina (PGK; K)	English, Tok Pisin, and Hiri Motu	Charles III	James Marape	Observer	1994
Timor-Leste[18][19]	Dili	14,874	b1,231,116[20]	76.2	4,928	0.620	United States dollar (USD; $)	Tetum and Portuguese	José Ramos-Horta	Xanana Gusmão	Observer	2005

ASEAN Plus Three Nation States

Main article: ASEAN Free Trade Area § ASEAN Plus Three

The present members of ASEAN together with:

Country	Capital	Area (km2)	Population	Density (/km2)	GDP per cap. (PPP)	HDI	Currency	Official languages	Leaders		Joining the ASEAN Regional Forum[4]
									Head of state	Head of government
China	Beijing	9,640,011	a1,371,790,000[21]	139.6	12,880	0.719	Chinese yuan (CNY; ¥)	Standard Chinese	Xi Jinping[d]	Li Qiang	1994
Japan	Tokyo	377,873	b126,865,000[22]	337.6	37,390	0.890	Japanese yen (JPY; ¥)	Japanese (de facto)	Naruhito	Shigeru Ishiba	1994
South Korea	Seoul	100,140	c51,448,183[23]	493	35,277	0.891	South Korean won (KRW; ₩)	Korean	Lee Jae-myung		1994

East Asia Summit

Main article: East Asia Summit

The present members of ASEAN Plus Three together with:

Country	Capital	Area (km2)	Population	Density (/km2)	GDP per cap. (PPP)	HDI	Currency	Official languages	Leaders		Joining the ASEAN Regional Forum[4]
									Head of state	Head of government
Australia	Canberra	7,686,850	d 25,978,935 [24]	3.4	46,433	0.933	Australian dollar (AUD; A$)	English (de facto)	Charles III	Anthony Albanese	1994
India	New Delhi	3,287,240	a1,366,417,750[25]	364.4	5,855	0.586	Indian rupee (INR; ₹)	Hindi in Devanagari script and English	Droupadi Murmu	Narendra Modi	1996
New Zealand	Wellington	268,680	e4,612,280[26]	16.1	35,152	0.910	New Zealand dollar (NZD; NZ$)	English, Māori, and NZ Sign Language	Charles III	Christopher Luxon	1994
Russia	Moscow	17,075,400	c146,567,880[27]	8.3	24,805	0.778	Russian ruble (RUB; ₽)	Russian	Vladimir Putin	Mikhail Mishustin	1994
United States	Washington, D.C.	9,629,091	b321,719,000[28]	32	54,597	0.914	United States dollar (USD; $)	English	Donald Trump		1994

ASEAN Regional Forum

The ASEAN Regional Forum is an informal multilateral dialogue of 27 members that seeks to address security issues in the Asia-Pacific region.

The list includes the members of the East Asia Summit plus:

Country	Capital	Area (km2)	Population	Density (/km2)	GDP per cap. (PPP)	HDI	Currency	Official languages	Leaders		Joining the ASEAN Regional Forum[4]
									Head of state	Head of government
Bangladesh[29]	Dhaka	148,460	b159,143,012[30]	1,099.3	6,636	0.632	Bangladeshi taka (BDT; ৳)	Bengali	Mohammed Shahabuddin	Muhammad Yunus	2006
Canada	Ottawa	9,984,670	c35,749,600[31]	3.41	44,843	0.902	Canadian dollar (CAD; C$)	English and French	Charles III	Mark Carney	1994
Mongolia	Ulaanbaatar	1,564,115	e3,032,606[32]	1.75	11,882	0.698	Mongolian tögrög (MNT; ₮)	Mongolian	Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh	Gombojavyn Zandanshatar	1999
North Korea	Pyongyang	120,540	d25,155,000[33]	198.3	1,8001,800 est.	0.7660.540 (2012 UNDP)	North Korean won (KPW; ₩)	Korean	Kim Jong-un	Pak Thae-song	2000
Pakistan	Islamabad	796,095	a191,198,263[34]	214.3	4,736	0.537	Pakistani rupee (PKR; ₨)	Urdu and English	Asif Ali Zardari	Shehbaz Sharif	2004
Sri Lanka	Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte (Administrative) Colombo (Commercial)	65,610	20,771,00[35]	323	10,372	0.750	Sri Lankan rupee (LKR; රු)	Sinhalese and Tamil	Anura Kumara Dissanayake	Harini Amarasuriya	2007
European Union	Brussels (de facto)	4,233,262	447,706,209[36]	106	37,607	0.8760.876 (UNDP cal.)	Euro (EUR; €) and 7 others	Various	António Costa	Ursula von der Leyen	1994

Notes

1. de jure and de facto
2. de facto
3. The general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam is the supreme leader in a one-party communist state. The general secretary is also the secretary of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam, being the de facto Commander-in-Chief of the People's Army of Vietnam.
4. Xi Jinping is China's nominal state representative, serving as Chinese president. Xi is also the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, the most powerful position in China, serving as the paramount leader of China.