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Septuagint manuscripts

Manuscripts of the Septuagint translation From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Septuagint manuscripts
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The earliest surviving manuscripts of the Septuagint (abbreviated as LXX meaning 70), an ancient (first centuries BCE) translation of the ancient Hebrew Torah into Koine Greek, include three 2nd century BCE fragments from the books of Leviticus and Deuteronomy (Rahlfs nos. 801, 819, and 957) and five 1st century BCE fragments of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy (Rahlfs nos. 802, 803, 805, 848, and 942), only. The vast majority of Septuagint manuscripts are late-antiquity and medieval manuscript versions of the Christian Greek Old Testament tradition.[1][2][3][4][5]:122–170

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Lower part of col. 18 (according to the reconstruction by E. Tov) of the Greek Minor Prophets Scroll from Nahal Hever containing verses from Habakkuk (c. 50 BCE - 50 CE). The arrow points at the tetragrammaton in paleo-Hebrew script.
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Classification

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There are currently over 2,000 classified manuscripts of the Greek Old Testament.[6] The first list of manuscripts was presented by Holmes and Parsons, of which their edition ends with a full list of manuscripts known to them. It enumerates 311 codes (marked with Roman numerals I–XIII and Arabic numerals 14–311), which are designated by their siglum I–XIII, 23, 27, 39, 43, 156, 188, 190, 258, 262.[5]:122

The codices marked with Roman numerals signify given letters from A to Z.[5]:122-123 The current list of Septuagint manuscripts is according to the classification of biblical scholar Alfred Rahlfs, this being a list of all known manuscripts proposed by Alfred Rahlfs based on the census of Holmes and Parsons.

Division in classification by Rahlfs

The table of manuscripts is divided into ten parts:

  • Part I: A–Z (specific late antiquity codices in majuscule script).
  • Part II: 13–311 (medieval manuscripts, numbering given by Holmes and Parsons)
  • Part III: 312–800 (medieval manuscripts of the Greek Old Testament without the Psalms)
  • Part IV: 801–1000 (antiquity small fragments of the Torah and late antiquity small fragments of the Greek Old Testament without the Psalms)
  • Part V: 1001–1400 (psalms from the twelfth century)
  • Part VI: 1401–2000 (medieval fragments psalms uncertain dating younger)
  • Part VII: 2001–3000 (medieval small fragments psalter [to the eighth century] BCE)
  • Part VIII: 3001–5000 (medieval manuscripts of the Greek Old Testament without the Psalms)
  • Part IX: 5001–7000 (medieval small fragments of the Greek Old Testament without the Psalms)
  • Part X: 7001–xxxx (medieval psalter fragments )

Abbreviations

  • Pent. – Pentateuch (Genesis – Deuteronomy)
  • Hept. – Heptateuch (Genesis – Judges)
  • Oct. – Octateuch (ἡ ὀκτάτευχος = Genesis – Ruth)
  • IV Proph. – Four Major Prophets books.
  • XII Proph. – Twelve Minor Prophets books.
  • Most book names are not written in full. They are abbreviated from their Latin names which can be seen in the article Books of the Vulgate. Example: Book of Wisdom or, Wisdom of Solomon, is abbreviated as Sap.

Acronyms

EBE - National Library of Greece

Latin terms

  • aliquot – some
  • catenae, catenarum – chain, chains (abbreviated as "cat."). Catena.
  • ecloge – safeguard page
  • excerpta – items
  • gradualesSongs of Ascents (Ps 119-133 by the numbering in the LXX)
  • inter alia – among others
  • lacunae – missing words/lines/pages
  • poenitentialesPenitential Psalms
  • sine – without
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List of manuscripts

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List taken from Manuscripts of the Septuagint, published by Logos.[7]

Part I: A–Z

More information Symbol, Name ...

Part II: 13–311

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Part III: 312–800

312–500

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501–600

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601–700

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701–800

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Part IV: 801–1000

801–900

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901–1000

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Part V: 1001–1400

1001–1100

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1101–1200

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1201–1300

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1301–1400

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Part VI: 1401–2000

1401–1500

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1501–1600

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1601–1700

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1701–1800

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1801–1900

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1901–2000

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Part VII: 2001–3000

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Part VIII: 3001-5000

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Part X: 7001–xxxx

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See also

References

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