Timeline of the Ilkhanate

This is a timeline of the Ilkhanate.

The Ilkhanate from 1256-1353

The disintegration of the Ilkhanate, 1345

13th century

1210s

Year	Date	Event
1217		Hulagu Khan is born to Tolui and Sorghaghtani Beki[1]
1218	autumn	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Muhammad II of Khwarezm's forces clash with a Mongol army led by Jochi and Subutai, the battle ending inconclusively[2]
	winter	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: A Muslim merchant delegation sent by Genghis Khan arrives at Otrar and the governor Inalchuq kills them, seizing their goods for himself; a sole survivor reaches Mongolia and alerts Genghis, who sends three more envoys to demand custody of Inalchuq - they are also killed[2]
1219	fall	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Ögedei and Chagatai take Otrar and massacres its population; Genghis Khan dispatches Jochi to conquer Syr Darya and another army to conquer Fergana[3]

1220s

Year	Date	Event
1220	15 February	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Genghis Khan takes Bukhara and places Yelü Ahai in control of Transoxiana[3]
	16 March	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Genghis Khan takes Samarkand and Muhammad II of Khwarezm flees to Nishapur; Genghis Khan dispatches Jebe and Subutai to destroy the sultan[3]
	May	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Jebe and Subutai take Balkh and capture Muhammad II of Khwarezm's mother Terken Khatun and family in the Zagros Mountains[4]
	winter	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Muhammad II of Khwarezm dies[3]
1221	March	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Tolui destroys Merv[3]
	April	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Jochi, Chagatai, and Ögedei destroy Urgench while Tolui takes Nishapur and Herat[3]
	spring	Battle of Parwan: Jalal al-Din Mangburni defeats a Mongol army led by Shigi Qutuqu in the Hindu Kush[3]
		Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Genghis Khan takes Termez[3]
		Siege of Bamyan: Genghis Khan takes Bamyan; Chagatai's son Mutukan dies in the process[5]
	November	Battle of Indus: Genghis Khan defeats Jalal al-Din Mangburni, who swims across the Indus River and escapes[3]

1230s

Year	Date	Event
1231	August	Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia: Chormaqan defeats Jalal al-Din Mangburni, who escapes only to be killed by an unknown Kurd; so ends the Khwarazmian dynasty[4]
1232		Tolui is struck by sickness and dies[6]
1236		Mongol invasions of Georgia: Chormaqan subjugates Georgia and Armenia[7]

1240s

Year	Date	Event
1242		Mongol invasions of Anatolia: Mongols take Erzurum[8]
1243	26 June	Battle of Köse Dağ: Baiju defeats Kaykhusraw II and subjugates the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia[9]
1244		The Ayyubid dynasty gives tribute to the Mongols[8]
		Badr al-Din Lu'lu' of Mosul submits to the Mongol Empire[10]

1250s

Year	Date	Event
1251	fall	Möngke Khan places Hulagu Khan in charge of North China[1]
1252	summer	Möngke Khan charges Hulagu Khan with the invasion of taking Baghdad[11]
1256	20 November	Hulagu Khan takes Alamut from the Assassins[1]
		Mongols defeat Kaykaus II at Aksaray and enthrone Kilij Arslan IV[12]
1258	17 January	Siege of Baghdad (1258): Hulagu Khan sends a Mongol contingent across the Tigris River which suffers a defeat against Aybak[13]
	18 January	Siege of Baghdad (1258): Baiju floods the enemy camp and attacks, driving them back[13]
	29 January	Siege of Baghdad (1258): Hulagu Khan lays siege to Baghdad[13]
	1 February	Siege of Baghdad (1258): Mongol siege weapons breach Baghdad's Ajami tower[14]
	3 February	Siege of Baghdad (1258): Mongol forces take Baghdad's walls[14]
	10 February	Siege of Baghdad (1258): Al-Musta'sim, his sons, and 3,000 dignitaries surrender[14]
	13 February	Siege of Baghdad (1258): Mongols sack Baghdad[14]
	20 February	Siege of Baghdad (1258): Al-Musta'sim and his family are executed; so ends the first Abbasid Caliphate[14]
		Hulagu Khan takes the title of Ilkhan, meaning "obedient khan"[14]
	March	Öljei Khatun's brother Bukha-Temur sacks Wasit[1]

1260s

Year	Date	Event
1260	January	Siege of Aleppo (1260): Hulagu Khan takes Aleppo from An-Nasir Yusuf; so ends the Ayyubid dynasty[1]
		The Principality of Antioch submits to the Mongol Empire[15]
	6 June	Hulagu Khan receives news of Möngke Khan's death and retreats to Ahlat[16]
	26 July	Battle of Ain Jalut: Qutuz of the Mamluks advance into Palestine and drive the Mongols from Gaza[16]
	spring	Hulagu Khan's son Yoshmut and commander Elege of the Jalayir take Mayyafaraqin and Mardin[1]
	August	Kitbuqa sacks Sidon[15]
	3 September	Battle of Ain Jalut: Qutuz of the Mamluks defeats Mongol forces under Kitbuqa and push them back to the Euphrates[16]
	10 December	First Battle of Homs: Baibars defeats a Mongol expedition into Syria[1]
		Toluid Civil War: Berke of the Golden Horde allies with Ariq Böke and declares war on Hulagu Khan[17]
1261		Mosul and Cizre rebel[1]
1262	summer	Rebellions in Mosul and Cizre are suppressed[1]
	November	Hulagu Khan kills his vizier Saif-ud-Din Bitigchi and replaces him with Shams al-Din Juvayni[18]
		Berke–Hulagu war: Berke of the Golden Horde allies with the Mamluks and invades Azerbaijan[17]
		Hulagu Khan gives Khorasan and Mazandaran to his son Abaqa and Azerbaijan to his other son Yoshmut[18]
1263	13 January	Berke–Hulagu war: Berke defeats Hulagu Khan's army on the Terek River[18]
1265	8 February	Hulagu Khan dies and is succeeded by his son Abaqa Khan[19]
1266		Berke–Hulagu war: Berke dies in Tbilisi and is succeeded by his grandnephew Mengu-Timur[19]

1270s

Year	Date	Event
1270		Ghiyas-ud-din Baraq of the Chagatai Khanate invades the Ilkhanate but suffers defeat at the battle of Qara-Su near Herat[20]
1271		Samagar raids Qalaat al-Madiq[21]
1273	January	Yisüder, brother of Abaqa, sacks Bukhara[22]
1277	15 April	Battle of Elbistan: Mamluks defeat Mongol forces at Elbistan[19]

1280s

Year	Date	Event
1281	29 October	Second Battle of Homs: Abaqa's brother Möngke Temur is defeated by Mamluk forces[19]
1282		Abaqa dies and is succeeded by his brother Tekuder, a Muslim[19]
1284		Arghun, son of Abaqa, deposes Tekuder[19]

1290s

Year	Date	Event
1290		Golden Horde attacks Ilkhanate but is defeated by Arghun[19]
		Nawrūz rebels and fails[19]
1291	7 March	Arghun is murdered by the very unpleasant Taghachar of the Baarin, who then enthrones Gaykhatu, Arghun's brother[19]
1294		Gaykhatu copies the Yuan dynasty and tries to introduce paper money, which fails fantastically[19]
1295		Taghachar deposes Gaykhatu and enthrones Baydu[19]
	October	Ghazan, son of Arghun, deposes Baydu and becomes ruler; also a Muslim[19]
1299	22–23 December	Battle of Wadi al-Khazandar: Ghazan defeats An-Nasir Muhammad of the Mamluks[23]

14th century

1300s

Year	Date	Event
1301		Ghazan makes a failed attempt to take Aleppo[24]
1303	20 April	Battle of Marj al-Saffar (1303): Mongol army under Kutlushah is defeated by the Mamluks[24]
1304	11 May	Ghazan dies and is succeeded by his brother Öljaitü[19]
1307	June	Ilkhanate tributizes Gilan, Ghazni, and Sistan[22]
1308	winter	Öljaitü converts to Twelver Shi'ism[22]

1310s

Year	Date	Event
1310		Kurds and Arabs in Erbil massacre the Christian population with the Ilkhanate's permission[10]
1312		Ilkhanate seizes Ghazni[25]
1316		Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war: Conflict breaks out between the Chagatai Khanate and the Yuan dynasty and Ilkhanate[26]
	16 December	Öljaitü dies and is succeeded by his son Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan[22]
1318		Chagataid elements rebel in Khorasan[22]
		Öz Beg Khan attacks the Ilkhanate[22]
1319	13 July	Chupan defeats Mongol rebellions at the battle of Zanjan-Rud[22]

1320s

Year	Date	Event
1323		Ilkhanate makes peace with the Mamluk Sultunate[22]

1330s

Year	Date	Event
1335	30 November	Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan dies and Ghiyas al-Din ibn Rashid al-Din enthrones Arpa Ke'un, a descendant of Ariq Böke; effective end of the Ilkhanate[27]
1336		Arpa Ke'un is defeated by 'Ali Padsah of Baghdad, who enthrones Musa[27]
1337		Musa is deposed by Hasan Buzurg, who enthrones Muhammad Khan[27]
1338		Muhammad Khan is deposed by Hasan Kuchak, who enthrones Jahan Temür[27]

1340s

Year	Date	Event
1346		Black Plague spreads to the Ilkhanate[27]

1350s

Year	Date	Event
1356		Shaikh Awais Jalayir sets up his own Jalairid Sultanate; so ends the Ilkhanate[27]

See also

• Timeline of the Yuan dynasty
• Timeline of the Chagatai Khanate
• Timeline of the Golden Horde
• Timeline of the Mongol Empire
• Timeline of Mongols prior to the Mongol Empire