Ma | Age | Paleomap | Regional events | Catatumbo | Cordillera | proximal Llanos | distal Llanos | Putumayo | VSM | Environments | Maximum thickness | Petroleum geology | Notes |
0.01 | Holocene |  | Holocene volcanism Seismic activity | alluvium | | Overburden | |
1 | Pleistocene |  | Pleistocene volcanism Andean orogeny 3 Glaciations | Guayabo | Soatá Sabana | Necesidad | Guayabo | Gigante
Neiva | Alluvial to fluvial (Guayabo) | 550 m (1,800 ft) (Guayabo) | [4][5][6][7] |
2.6 | Pliocene |  | Pliocene volcanism Andean orogeny 3 GABI | Subachoque | |
5.3 | Messinian | Andean orogeny 3 Foreland | Marichuela | Caimán | Honda | [6][8] |
13.5 | Langhian | Regional flooding | León | hiatus | Caja | León | Lacustrine (León) | 400 m (1,300 ft) (León) | Seal | [7][9] |
16.2 | Burdigalian | Miocene inundations Andean orogeny 2 | C1 | Carbonera C1 | Ospina | Proximal fluvio-deltaic (C1) | 850 m (2,790 ft) (Carbonera) | Reservoir | [8][7] |
17.3 | C2 | Carbonera C2 | Distal lacustrine-deltaic (C2) | Seal | |
19 | C3 | Carbonera C3 | Proximal fluvio-deltaic (C3) | Reservoir | |
21 | Early Miocene | Pebas wetlands | C4 | Carbonera C4 | Barzalosa | Distal fluvio-deltaic (C4) | Seal | |
23 | Late Oligocene |  | Andean orogeny 1 Foredeep | C5 | Carbonera C5 | Orito | Proximal fluvio-deltaic (C5) | Reservoir | [5][8] |
25 | C6 | Carbonera C6 | Distal fluvio-lacustrine (C6) | Seal | |
28 | Early Oligocene | C7 | C7 | | Pepino | Gualanday | Proximal deltaic-marine (C7) | Reservoir | [5][8][10] |
32 | Oligo-Eocene | C8 | Usme | C8 | onlap | Marine-deltaic (C8) | Seal Source | [10] |
35 | Late Eocene |  | Mirador | Mirador | Coastal (Mirador) | 240 m (790 ft) (Mirador) | Reservoir | [7][11] |
40 | Middle Eocene | Regadera | hiatus | |
45 | |
50 | Early Eocene |  | Socha | Los Cuervos | Deltaic (Los Cuervos) | 260 m (850 ft) (Los Cuervos) | Seal Source | [7][11] |
55 | Late Paleocene | PETM 2000 ppm CO2 | Los Cuervos | Bogotá | Gualanday | |
60 | Early Paleocene | SALMA | Barco | Guaduas | Barco | Rumiyaco | Fluvial (Barco) | 225 m (738 ft) (Barco) | Reservoir | [4][5][8][7][12] |
65 | Maastrichtian |  | KT extinction | Catatumbo | Guadalupe | Monserrate | Deltaic-fluvial (Guadalupe) | 750 m (2,460 ft) (Guadalupe) | Reservoir | [4][7] |
72 | Campanian | End of rifting | Colón-Mito Juan | [7][13] |
83 | Santonian | Villeta/Güagüaquí | |
86 | Coniacian | |
89 | Turonian | Cenomanian-Turonian anoxic event | La Luna | Chipaque | Gachetá | hiatus | Restricted marine (all) | 500 m (1,600 ft) (Gachetá) | Source | [4][7][14] |
93 | Cenomanian |  | Rift 2 | |
100 | Albian | Une | Une | Caballos | Deltaic (Une) | 500 m (1,600 ft) (Une) | Reservoir | [8][14] |
113 | Aptian |  | Capacho | Fómeque | Motema | Yaví | Open marine (Fómeque) | 800 m (2,600 ft) (Fómeque) | Source (Fóm) | [5][7][15] |
125 | Barremian | High biodiversity | Aguardiente | Paja | Shallow to open marine (Paja) | 940 m (3,080 ft) (Paja) | Reservoir | [4] |
129 | Hauterivian |  | Rift 1 | Tibú- Mercedes | Las Juntas | hiatus | Deltaic (Las Juntas) | 910 m (2,990 ft) (Las Juntas) | Reservoir (LJun) | [4] |
133 | Valanginian | Río Negro | Cáqueza Macanal Rosablanca | Restricted marine (Macanal) | 2,935 m (9,629 ft) (Macanal) | Source (Mac) | [5][16] |
140 | Berriasian | Girón | |
145 | Tithonian | Break-up of Pangea | Jordán | Arcabuco | Buenavista
Batá | Saldaña | Alluvial, fluvial (Buenavista) | 110 m (360 ft) (Buenavista) | "Jurassic" | [8][17] |
150 | Early-Mid Jurassic |  | Passive margin 2 | La Quinta | Montebel Noreán | hiatus | Coastal tuff (La Quinta) | 100 m (330 ft) (La Quinta) | [18] |
201 | Late Triassic |  | Mucuchachi | Payandé | | [8] |
235 | Early Triassic |  | Pangea | | hiatus | | "Paleozoic" | |
250 | Permian |  | |
300 | Late Carboniferous |  | Famatinian orogeny | | Cerro Neiva () | [19] |
340 | Early Carboniferous | Fossil fish Romer's gap | Cuche (355-385) | Farallones () | | Deltaic, estuarine (Cuche) | 900 m (3,000 ft) (Cuche) | |
360 | Late Devonian |  | Passive margin 1 | Río Cachirí (360-419) | | | Ambicá () | Alluvial-fluvial-reef (Farallones) | 2,400 m (7,900 ft) (Farallones) | [16][20][21][22][23] |
390 | Early Devonian |  | High biodiversity | Floresta (387-400)
El Tíbet | | | | Shallow marine (Floresta) | 600 m (2,000 ft) (Floresta) | |
410 | Late Silurian | Silurian mystery | | | | |
425 | Early Silurian | hiatus | |
440 | Late Ordovician |  | Rich fauna in Bolivia | San Pedro (450-490) | | Duda () | | | | | | |
470 | Early Ordovician | First fossils | Busbanzá (>470±22)
Chuscales Otengá | Guape () | | Río Nevado () | Hígado () | | | [24][25][26] |
488 | Late Cambrian |  | Regional intrusions | Chicamocha (490-515) | Quetame () | Ariarí () | | SJ del Guaviare (490-590) | San Isidro () | | | [27][28] |
515 | Early Cambrian | Cambrian explosion | | | [26][29] |
542 | Ediacaran |  | Break-up of Rodinia | pre-Quetame | post-Parguaza | El Barro () | Yellow: allochthonous basement (Chibcha terrane) Green: autochthonous basement (Río Negro-Juruena Province) | | Basement | [30][31] |
600 | Neoproterozoic | | Cariri Velhos orogeny | Bucaramanga (600-1400) | pre-Guaviare | [27] |
800 |  | Snowball Earth | [32] |
1000 | Mesoproterozoic |  | Sunsás orogeny | Ariarí (1000) | La Urraca (1030-1100) | [33][34][35][36] |
1300 | Rondônia-Juruá orogeny | pre-Ariarí | Parguaza (1300-1400) | Garzón (1180-1550) | [37] |
1400 |  | pre-Bucaramanga | | [38] |
1600 | Paleoproterozoic | Maimachi (1500-1700) | pre-Garzón | [39] |
1800 |  | Tapajós orogeny | Mitú (1800) | [37][39] |
1950 | Transamazonic orogeny | pre-Mitú | [37] |
2200 | Columbia | |
2530 | Archean |  | Carajas-Imataca orogeny | [37] |
3100 | Kenorland | |
Sources |