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Voiced alveolar and postalveolar approximants

Consonantal sounds represented by ⟨ɹ⟩ / ⟨ð̠˕⟩ and ⟨ɹ̠⟩ in IPA From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Voiced alveolar and postalveolar approximants
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A voiced alveolar approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents it is ɹ, a lowercase letter r rotated 180 degrees. It can also be transcribed ð̠˕.

Quick facts ɹ, ð̠˕ ...
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Features

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A schematic mid-sagittal section of an articulation of a voiced alveolar approximant [ɹ].

Features of a voiced alveolar approximant:

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Occurrence

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Alveolar

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Postalveolar

Quick facts ɹ̠, Audio sample ...
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A schematic mid-sagittal section of an articulation of a voiced postalveolar approximant [ɹ̠].

The most common sound represented by the letter r in English is the voiced postalveolar approximant, pronounced a little more back and transcribed more precisely in IPA as ɹ̠, but ɹ is often used for convenience in its place. For further ease of typesetting, English phonemic transcriptions might use the symbol r even though this symbol represents the alveolar trill in phonetic transcription.

The bunched or molar r sounds remarkably similar to the postalveolar approximant and can be described as a voiced labial pre-velar approximant with tongue-tip retraction. It can be transcribed in extIPA as ɹ̈.

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As an allophone of other rhotic sounds, [ɹ] occurs in Edo, Fula, Murrinh-patha, and Palauan.[25]

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Voiced alveolar sibilant approximant

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Quick facts z̞, ɹ̻ ...

A peculiar consonant of the Ikema-Irabu dialect of the Miyakoan language, a Ryukyuan language, is the voiced alveolar sibilant approximant, or voiced laminal alveolar approximant.[26] The International Phonetic Alphabet has no symbol to represent this sound, but a possible transcription is or ɹ̻.

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Occurrence

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