XPA

For the ISO 639-3 code, see Pirriya language.

DNA repair protein complementing XP-A cells is a protein that in humans is encoded by the XPA gene.^[4]

XPA
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1D4U, 1XPA, 2JNW
Identifiers
Aliases	XPA, XP1, XPAC, xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group A, DNA damage recognition and repair factor
External IDs	OMIM: 611153; MGI: 99135; HomoloGene: 37298; GeneCards: XPA; OMA:XPA - orthologs
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse)[1] Band 4 B1|4 24.49 cM Start 46,155,347 bp[1] End 46,196,311 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) n/a Top expressed in granulocyte genital tubercle neural layer of retina ventricular zone right kidney ganglionic eminence muscle of thigh embryo tail of embryo proximal tubule BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function metal ion binding protein domain specific binding protein homodimerization activity DNA binding protein binding damaged DNA binding Cellular component intercellular bridge DNA replication factor A complex nucleotide-excision repair factor 1 complex nucleus nucleoplasm cytoplasm Biological process nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair response to oxidative stress cellular response to DNA damage stimulus response to auditory stimulus multicellular organism growth global genome nucleotide-excision repair response to toxic substance response to UV nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex assembly nucleotide-excision repair nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 5'-to lesion nucleotide-excision repair involved in interstrand cross-link repair UV-damage excision repair base-excision repair nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex stabilization nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition DNA repair UV protection protein localization to nucleus regulation of autophagy nucleotide-excision repair, DNA duplex unwinding nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision, 3'-to lesion Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 7507 22590 Ensembl ENSG00000136936 ENSMUSG00000028329 UniProt P23025 Q64267 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000380 NM_011728 RefSeq (protein) NP_000371 NP_001341904 NP_035858 Location (UCSC) n/a Chr 4: 46.16 – 46.2 Mb PubMed search [2] [3]
Wikidata
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Function

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a major pathway for repairing a variety of bulky DNA damages including those introduced by UV irradiation. The XPA protein appears to play a key role in NER at sites of damage as a scaffold for other repair proteins in order to ensure that the damages are appropriately excised.^[5] Among the repair proteins with which XPA interacts is a protein complex (including the ERCC1 protein) that is capable of incising DNA at sites of damage.^[6]

Xpa mutant individuals often show the severe clinical symptoms of xeroderma pigmentosum, a condition involving extreme sensitivity to sunlight and a high incidence of skin cancer.

Interactions

XPA has been shown to interact with ERCC1,^[6][7] Replication protein A1^[8] and XAB2.^[9]