休息

Chinese

		to rest	rest; news; interest rest; news; interest; breath
simp. and trad. (休息)		休	息

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xiūxi, xiūxí

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡ ˙ㄒㄧ, ㄒㄧㄡ ㄒㄧˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щющи (xi͡uxi, II-I) / щющи (xi͡uxi, I-I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jau¹ sik¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): hiu¹ lhet²

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): hiû-sit

  (Hailu, HRS): hiu^ˋ sid

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hiu-siak / hiu-sek / hiu-sit

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hiun¹ sêg⁴

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shieu-shiq

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, mainland China)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiūxi
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ ˙ㄒㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siousi̊
    • Wade–Giles: hsiu¹-hsi⁵
    • Yale: syōu-syi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiou.shi
    • Palladius: сюси (sjusi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi²/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiūxí
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ ㄒㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siousí
    • Wade–Giles: hsiu¹-hsi²
    • Yale: syōu-syí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shioushyi
    • Palladius: сюси (sjusi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щющи (xi͡uxi, II-I) / щющи (xi͡uxi, I-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiou⁵¹ ɕi²⁴/, /ɕiou²⁴ ɕi²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jau¹ sik¹
    • Yale: yāu sīk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau¹ sik⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo¹ xig¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: hiu¹ lhet²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiu³³ ɬet̚⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiû-sit
    • Hakka Romanization System: hiu^ˊ xid^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hiu¹ xid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /hi̯u²⁴ sit̚²/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: hiu^ˋ sid
    • Sinological IPA: /hiu⁵³ sit⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiu-siak
    • Tâi-lô: hiu-siak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiusiag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiu³³ siak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiu-sek
    • Tâi-lô: hiu-sik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiuseg
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiu⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Singapore): /hiu⁴⁴⁻²² sek̚³²/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiu⁴⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiu-sit
    • Tâi-lô: hiu-sit
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiusid
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiu⁴⁴⁻²² sit̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hiun¹ sêg⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiuⁿ sek
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hĩũ³³⁻²³ sek̚²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹shieu-shiq
    • MiniDict: shieu^平 shih
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xieu-xiq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɤ⁵⁵ ɕiɪʔ²¹/

Verb

休息

1. to rest; to take a break

   早點休息。／早点休息。  ―  Zǎodiǎn xiūxi.  ―  Go to bed early.

   他休息了一會兒。 [MSC, trad.]
   他休息了一会儿。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā xiūxi le yīhuìr. [Pinyin]

   He rested for a while.

   你工作太勤奮了。休息一會吧。 [MSC, trad.]
   你工作太勤奋了。休息一会吧。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ gōngzuò tài qínfèn le. Xiūxi yīhuì ba. [Pinyin]

   You're working too hard. Take a break for a while.

   本店是日休息一天，敬請見諒。 [MSC, trad.]
   本店是日休息一天，敬请见谅。 [MSC, simp.]

   Běn diàn shìrì xiūxi yī tiān, jìngqǐng jiànliàng. [Pinyin]

   Our shop will be closed for today. We apologize for the inconvenience caused.

Usage notes

Can also infer to sleep or to take break from work; to go on holiday depending on the context.

Synonyms

edit

• 休憩 (xiūqì) (literary)
• 停歇 (tíngxiē)
• 停睏 / 停困 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 喘氣 / 喘气 (chuǎnqì) (to take a breather)
• 安息 (ānxī)
• 小歇 (Hokkien)
• 憩息 (qìxī) (literary)
• 放尞 (Taiwanese Hakka)
• 敨 (tau²) (Cantonese, Hakka)
• 歇 (xiē)
• 歇喘 (Hokkien, to take a breather)
• 歇息 (xiēxi)
• 歇氣 / 歇气 (xiēqì) (to take a breather)
• 歇𤺪 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 歇睏 / 歇困 (Hakka, Hokkien)

Dialectal synonyms of 休息 (“to rest; to take a break”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		休息, 歇息
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	歇, 休息
	Taiwan	休息
	Singapore	休息
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	歇
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	歇
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	歇氣, 歇
	Wuhan	歇, 歇氣
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	歇, 休息
	Hefei	歇
Cantonese	Guangzhou	敨, 歇
	Hong Kong	敨, 歇, 休息
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	敨
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	敨
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	敨
	Dongguan	敨
	Yangjiang	敨, 歇
Gan	Nanchang	歇
Hakka	Meixian	歇, 敨
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	歇睏, 休息
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	歇睏, 休息
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	歇睏, 休息
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	歇睏, 休息
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	歇睏, 休息
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	歇睏
	Hong Kong	敨
Jin	Taiyuan	歇
Northern Min	Jian'ou	歇
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	歇
Southern Min	Xiamen	歇, 歇睏
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	歇睏
	Quanzhou	歇睏
	Zhangzhou	歇睏
	Taipei	歇, 歇睏
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	歇
	Kaohsiung	歇, 歇睏
	Yilan	歇, 歇睏
	Changhua (Lukang)	歇, 歇睏
	Taichung	歇睏
	Tainan	歇, 歇睏
	Hsinchu	歇睏
	Kinmen	歇睏
	Penghu (Magong)	歇睏
	Penang (Hokkien)	休息, 歇喘, 歇
	Singapore (Hokkien)	休息, 歇
	Manila (Hokkien)	休息, 歇, 歇睏
	Chaozhou	歇乏, 歇睏
	Puning	歇, 歇乏, 休息
Puxian Min	Putian	歇痠
	Xianyou	歇睏, 候睏
Wu	Shanghai	歇作, 休息
	Suzhou	歇, 休息
	Wenzhou	歇, 休息
Xiang	Changsha	歇氣
	Shuangfeng	歇氣

Derived terms

• 休息室
• 休息日
• 休息站

See also

• 停歇 (tíngxiē)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
休	息
きゅう Grade: 1	そく Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きゅうそく [kyùúsókú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [kʲɨːso̞kɯ̟]

Noun

休(きゅう)息(そく) • (kyūsoku) ^{←きうそく (kiusoku)?}

1. rest (any relief from exertion)

Synonyms

• 休憩(きゅうけい) (kyūkei)
• 休(やす)み (yasumi)

Verb

休(きゅう)息(そく)する • (kyūsoku suru) ^{←きうそく (kiusoku)?}suru (stem 休(きゅう)息(そく)し (kyūsoku shi), past 休(きゅう)息(そく)した (kyūsoku shita))

1. to take a rest

Conjugation

Conjugation of "休息する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	休息し	きゅうそくし	kyūsoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	休息し	きゅうそくし	kyūsoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	休息する	きゅうそくする	kyūsoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	休息する	きゅうそくする	kyūsoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	休息すれ	きゅうそくすれ	kyūsoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	休息せよ¹ 休息しろ²	きゅうそくせよ¹ きゅうそくしろ²	kyūsoku seyo¹ kyūsoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	休息される	きゅうそくされる	kyūsoku sareru
Causative	休息させる 休息さす	きゅうそくさせる きゅうそくさす	kyūsoku saseru kyūsoku sasu
Potential	休息できる	きゅうそくできる	kyūsoku dekiru
Volitional	休息しよう	きゅうそくしよう	kyūsoku shiyō
Negative	休息しない	きゅうそくしない	kyūsoku shinai
Negative continuative	休息せず	きゅうそくせず	kyūsoku sezu
Formal	休息します	きゅうそくします	kyūsoku shimasu
Perfective	休息した	きゅうそくした	kyūsoku shita
Conjunctive	休息して	きゅうそくして	kyūsoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	休息すれば	きゅうそくすれば	kyūsoku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

• 休(やす)む (yasumu)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
休	息

Noun

休息 • (hyusik) (hangeul 휴식)

1. hanja form^? of 휴식 (“rest”)