刖

刖 U+5216, 刖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5216 ← 刕 [U+5215] CJK Unified Ideographs 列 → [U+5217]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

刖 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 月中弓 (BLN), four-corner 7220₀, composition ⿰月刂)

1. cutting off feet as form of punishment

Derived characters

• 𰸌, 𠈛, 𰎗, 𦮯, 前, 俞, 𪠰, 𥦹, 𡠔, 𧫌, 𠟖

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 137, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1900
• Dae Jaweon: page 309, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 327, character 7
• Unihan data for U+5216

Chinese

simp. and trad.		刖
alternative forms		跀

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 刖
Shang
Oracle bone script

Characters in the same phonetic series (月) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
刖	*ŋroːd, *ŋod, *ŋuːd
枂	*ŋoːd, *ŋod
月	*ŋod
跀	*ŋod
抈	*ŋod
鈅	*ŋod
玥	*ŋod
蚏	*ɢod

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋroːd, *ŋod, *ŋuːd): phonetic 月 (OC *ŋod) + semantic 刂.

Etymology

Related to 兀 (OC *ŋuːd, “to cut the feet”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuè (yue⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyut⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): goa̍t

  (Teochew, Peng'im): uag⁸ / ghuêh⁸

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuè
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuè
    • Wade–Giles: yüeh⁴
    • Yale: ywè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yueh
    • Palladius: юэ (jue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyut⁶
    • Yale: yuht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyt⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yud⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːt̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goa̍t
    • Tâi-lô: gua̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goat
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡuat̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡuat̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡuat̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡuat̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡuat̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: uag⁸ / ghuêh⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ua̍k / gue̍h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uak̚⁴/, /ɡueʔ⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngjwot, ngwot, ngwaet

Rime
Character	刖	刖	刖
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	疑 (31)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	月 (68)	沒 (56)	黠 (72)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	I	II
Fanqie	魚厥切	五忽切	五刮切
Baxter	ngjwot	ngwot	ngwaet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋʉɐt̚/	/ŋuət̚/	/ŋˠuat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋʷiɐt̚/	/ŋuot̚/	/ŋʷᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiuɐt̚/	/ŋuət̚/	/ŋuɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuat̚/	/ŋwət̚/	/ŋwaɨt̚/
Li Rong	/ŋiuɐt̚/	/ŋuət̚/	/ŋuat̚/
Wang Li	/ŋĭwɐt̚/	/ŋuət̚/	/ŋwat̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯wɐt̚/	/ŋuət̚/	/ŋwăt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuè	wù	wà
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyut6	ngat6	ngaat6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ʷˤ<r>at/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋroːd/, /*ŋod/, /*ŋuːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刖
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yuè
Middle Chinese	‹ ngwæt ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ʷˁ<r>at/
English	amputate a foot
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刖	刖	刖
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	16317	16320	16327
Phonetic component	月	月	月
Rime group	月	月	物
Rime subdivision	3	3	2
Corresponding MC rime	刖	月	兀
Old Chinese	/*ŋroːd/	/*ŋod/	/*ŋuːd/

Definitions

刖

1. (historical) to cut off one or both feet as a form of punishment, one of the 五刑 (wǔxíng, “Five Punishments”)

   See also: 剕

Compounds

• 刖刑
• 刖足 (yuèzú)
• 刖足適屨 / 刖足适屦
• 刖趾適屨 / 刖趾适屦

Japanese

Kanji

刖

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. severing a foot as a punishment

Readings

(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• Go-on: がち (gachi)^{←ぐわち (gwati, historical)}、ごち (gochi)
• Kan-on: がつ (gatsu)^{←ぐわつ (gwatu, historical)}、げつ (getsu)^{←げつ (getu, historical)←ぐゑつ (gwetu, ancient)}、ごつ (gotsu)
• Kun: きる (kiru, 刖る)、あやうい (ayaui, 刖い)^{←あやふい (ayafui, 刖い, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

刖 (eum 월 (wol))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

刖: Hán Nôm readings: nguyệt

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation