敘利亞

See also: 叙利亚

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (敘利亞/敍利亞)		敘/敍	利	亞
simp. (叙利亚)		叙	利	亚

Etymology

Attested in 海國圖志 (Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms) [1852].

Earlier forms in the first half of the 19th century included 敘哩亞／叙哩亚, 敘里亞／叙里亚, 西利亞／西利亚, etc. Forms with 敘／叙 (xù) as the first syllable possibly derive from Ancient Greek Συρία (Suría).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Xùlìyà, Xùlìyǎ

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ, ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zeoi⁶ lei⁶ aa³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Si-li-â
• Eastern Min (BUC): Sê̤ṳ-lé-ā
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Sǐr-lī-a / Sū-lī-a / Sī-lī-a

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Xùlìyà
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Syùlìyà
    • Wade–Giles: Hsü⁴-li⁴-ya⁴
    • Yale: Syù-lì-yà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shiuhlihyah
    • Palladius: Сюйлия (Sjujlija)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, common variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Xùlìyǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Syùlìyǎ
    • Wade–Giles: Hsü⁴-li⁴-ya³
    • Yale: Syù-lì-yǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shiuhlihyea
    • Palladius: Сюйлия (Sjujlija)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zeoi⁶ lei⁶ aa³
    • Yale: jeuih leih a
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey⁶ lei⁶ aa³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zêu⁶ léi⁶ a³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵy̯²² lei̯²² aː³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Si-li-â
    • Hakka Romanization System: xi li a^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xi⁴ li⁴ a¹
    • Sinological IPA: /si⁵⁵ li⁵⁵ a²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Sê̤ṳ-lé-ā
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy²⁴²⁻²¹ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵³ a³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sǐr-lī-a
    • Tâi-lô: Sǐr-lī-a
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ²² li⁴¹⁻²² a³³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sū-lī-a
    • Tâi-lô: Sū-lī-a
    • Phofsit Daibuun: suxlixaf
    • IPA (Taipei): /su³³⁻¹¹ li³³⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /su³³⁻²¹ li³³⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /su²²⁻²¹ li²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sī-lī-a
    • Tâi-lô: Sī-lī-a
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sixlixaf
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²²⁻²¹ li²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

Proper noun

敘利亞

1. Syria
   • 1855, “使徒行傳”, in 新約全書‎, 香港英華書院, Acts 20:3, page 73:

     居三月，欲舟行往敘利亞，猶太人計害之，遂定意過馬其頓而反。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     居三月，欲舟行往叙利亚，犹太人计害之，遂定意过马其顿而反。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     Jū sān yuè, yù zhōu xíng wǎng Xùlìyà, Yóutàirén jì hài zhī, suì dìngyì guò mǎqídùn ér fǎn. [Pinyin]

     And there abode three months. And when the Jews laid wait for him, as he was about to sail into Syria, he purposed to return through Macedonia.

Adjective

敘利亞

1. (Internet slang, figurative) chaotic, messy, dirty, bad

   敘利亞成色／叙利亚成色  ―  xùlìyà chéngsè  ―  in bad condition