荐

See also: 薦

荐 U+8350, 荐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8350 ← 荏 [U+834F] CJK Unified Ideographs 荑 → [U+8351]

Translingual

Han character

荐 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 廿大中木 (TKLD), four-corner 4424₇, composition ⿱艹存)

Derived characters

• 𢞻, 鞯

Related characters

• 薦 (Traditional form of 荐)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1031, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30951
• Dae Jaweon: page 1490, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3201, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8350

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (存) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
荐	*zlɯːns
洊	*zlɯːns
臶	*zlɯːns, *zluːns
栫	*zlɯːns, *zluːns
袸	*zlɯːns, *zluːn
存	*zluːn
拵	*zluːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zlɯːns): semantic 艸 + phonetic 存 (OC *zluːn).

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 荐 – see 薦 (“to offer; to present; to recommend; to suggest; to endorse; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 薦).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

trad.		荐
simp. #		荐
alternative forms		薦

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-tswa-n (“grass”); cognate with Tibetan རྩྭ (rtswa, “grass”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiàn (jian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zin³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
    • Wade–Giles: chien⁴
    • Yale: jyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: zin³
    • Yale: jin
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzin³
    • Guangdong Romanization: jin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːn³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzenH

Rime
Character	荐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	在甸切
Baxter	dzenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zenH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zenH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɛnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɛnH/
Li Rong	/d͡zenH/
Wang Li	/d͡zienH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱienH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zin6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-tsˤə[n]-s/, /*[N-ts]ˤə[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zlɯːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	荐	荐
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiàn	jiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ dzenH ›	‹ dzenH ›
Old Chinese	/*N-tsˁə[n]-s/	/*[N-ts]ˁə[n]-s/
English	grass, herb	twice; a second time
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	荐
Reading #	1/1
No.	1900
Phonetic component	存
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	荐
Old Chinese	/*zlɯːns/

Definitions

荐

1. straw mat
2. fodder grass
3. repeatedly

   • 晉荐饑，使乞糴于秦。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
     晋荐饥，使乞籴于秦。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jìn jiàn jī, shǐ qǐ dí yú Qín. [Pinyin]

     Jin, hit by consecutive crop failures, sent a delegation to Qin to request grain imports.

4. (historical dictionaries only) to gather
5. alternative form of 薦 / 荐 (jiàn, “to recommend”)

Compounds

• 舉荐 (jǔjiàn)
• 荐仍
• 荐任 (jiànrèn)
• 荐更
• 荐臻 (jiànzhēn)
• 草荐 (cǎojiàn)
• 荐蓁
• 荐食
• 荐饑
• 饑饉荐臻 / 饥馑荐臻 (jījǐnjiànzhēn)

Japanese

Kanji

荐

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): せん (sen)、ぜん (zen)
• Kun: しきりに (shikirini)

Korean

Hanja

荐 • (cheon, geon) (hangeul 천, 건, revised cheon, geon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, kŏn, Yale chen, ken)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

荐: Hán Nôm readings: tiến

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation