鄂

鄂 U+9102, 鄂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9102 ← 鄁 [U+9101] CJK Unified Ideographs 鄃 → [U+9103]

Translingual

Han character

鄂 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口尸弓中 (RSNL), four-corner 6722₇, composition ⿰咢阝)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1274, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39520
• Dae Jaweon: page 1774, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3783, character 9
• Unihan data for U+9102

Chinese

simp. and trad.		鄂
alternative forms		⿰⿱吅亐阝

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 鄂 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 鄂 (Cantonese)
• 鄂 (Classical)
• Go̍k (sèⁿ) (Southern Min)
• E (state) (English)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (屰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
斥	*ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ
訴	*sŋaːɡs
泝	*sŋaːɡs
愬	*sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ
遡	*sŋaːɡs
塑	*sŋaːɡs
溯	*sŋaːɡs
遻	*ŋaːɡs
柝	*tŋ̊ʰaːɡ
鶚	*ŋaːɡ
諤	*ŋaːɡ
齶	*ŋaːɡ
鍔	*ŋaːɡ
遌	*ŋaːɡ
崿	*ŋaːɡ
偔	*ŋaːɡ
堮	*ŋaːɡ
湂	*ŋaːɡ
鱷	*ŋaːɡ
噩	*ŋaːɡ
咢	*ŋaːɡ
鑩	*ŋaːɡ
鄂	*ŋaːɡ
鰐	*ŋaːɡ
萼	*ŋaːɡ
愕	*ŋaːɡ
顎	*ŋaːɡ
朔	*sŋraːɡ
槊	*sraːwɢ
蒴	*sraːwɢ
坼	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
拆	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
逆	*ŋraɡ
屰	*ŋraɡ
縌	*ŋraɡ
蝷	*reːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋaːɡ): phonetic 咢 (OC *ŋaːɡ) + semantic 阝 (“area”).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): è, ào (e⁴, ao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ, ㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngok⁶
• Eastern Min (BUC): ngŏk
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gorh⁷
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): go̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngag⁸

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: è
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: è
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴
    • Yale: è
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
    • Palladius: э (e)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ào
    • Zhuyin: ㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ào
    • Wade–Giles: ao⁴
    • Yale: àu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aw
    • Palladius: ао (ao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Note: ào - variant pronunciation for the surname.

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ngok⁶
    • Yale: ngohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːk̚²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngŏk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋouʔ⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gorh⁷
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: go̤̍h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒʔ⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: go̍k
    • Tâi-lô: go̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɔk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngag⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nga̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋak̚⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngak

Rime
Character	鄂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五各切
Baxter	ngak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋak̚/
Li Rong	/ŋɑk̚/
Wang Li	/ŋɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	è
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngok6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鄂
Reading #	1/1
No.	9463
Phonetic component	屰
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	咢
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːɡ/

Definitions

鄂

1. E (an ancient state located in modern Shanxi, Henan and Hubei, China)
2. name of two ancient counties in Hubei and Henan
3. name of an ancient city in modern Shanxi
4. a region of ancient China around Nanyang in present-day eastern Henan
5. short for 湖北 (Húběi): Hubei (a province of China)
6. forehead

   Synonyms: 額 / 额, 前額 / 前额 (qián'é)

7. tool to capture animals
8. a surname

Descendants

• → English: E, O

Compounds

• 援鄂 (yuán'è)
• 棣鄂
• 白雲鄂博 / 白云鄂博 (Báiyún Èbó, “Bayan Obo”)
• 華鄂 / 华鄂
• 褒鄂
• 西鄂 (Xī'è)
• 鄂倫春族 / 鄂伦春族 (Èlúnchūnzú)
• 鄂博 (èbó)
• 鄂君啟節 / 鄂君启节
• 鄂君繡被 / 鄂君绣被
• 鄂國 / 鄂国 (Èguó)
• 鄂坪 (Èpíng)
• 鄂城 (Èchéng)
• 鄂州 (Èzhōu)
• 鄂溫 / 鄂温 (Èwēn)
• 鄂溫克 / 鄂温克 (Èwēnkè)
• 鄂溫克族 / 鄂温克族 (Èwēnkèzú)
• 鄂畢河 / 鄂毕河 (Èbì Hé)
• 鄂諾河 / 鄂诺河
• 鄂鄂

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 諤 (“honest speech; frank speech”). (This character is a variant form of 諤).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 愕 (“startled; scared; astonished”). (This character is a variant form of 愕).

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 萼 (“calyx”). (This character is a variant form of 萼).

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 堮. (This character is a variant form of 堮).

Japanese

Kanji

鄂

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: がく (gaku)
• Kan-on: がく (gaku)
• Kun: かぎり (kagiri, 鄂り)、おどろく (odoroku, 鄂く)

Korean

Hanja

鄂 (eum 악 (ak))

1. E (an ancient state located in modern Shanxi, Henan and Hubei, China)
2. name of two ancient counties in Hubei and Henan
3. name of an ancient city in modern Shanxi
4. a region of ancient China around Nanyang in present-day eastern Henan
5. abbreviation of 湖北 (“Hubei”): a province of China

Vietnamese

Han character

鄂: Hán Nôm readings: ngạc

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