坼

坼 U+577C, 坼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-577C ← 坻 [U+577B] CJK Unified Ideographs 坽 → [U+577D]

Translingual

Han character

坼 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土竹一卜 (GHMY), four-corner 4214₁, composition ⿰土斥)

1. crack
2. split, open

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 227, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5006
• Dae Jaweon: page 462, character 26
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 433, character 2
• Unihan data for U+577C

Chinese

trad.		坼
simp. #		坼
alternative forms		𡍩 𢯪 𡍔 𤇚 𤖴 𡍩 𢯪 𡍔 𤇚 𤖴 𤗙 㿭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (屰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
斥	*ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ
訴	*sŋaːɡs
泝	*sŋaːɡs
愬	*sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ
遡	*sŋaːɡs
塑	*sŋaːɡs
溯	*sŋaːɡs
遻	*ŋaːɡs
柝	*tŋ̊ʰaːɡ
鶚	*ŋaːɡ
諤	*ŋaːɡ
齶	*ŋaːɡ
鍔	*ŋaːɡ
遌	*ŋaːɡ
崿	*ŋaːɡ
偔	*ŋaːɡ
堮	*ŋaːɡ
湂	*ŋaːɡ
鱷	*ŋaːɡ
噩	*ŋaːɡ
咢	*ŋaːɡ
鑩	*ŋaːɡ
鄂	*ŋaːɡ
鰐	*ŋaːɡ
萼	*ŋaːɡ
愕	*ŋaːɡ
顎	*ŋaːɡ
朔	*sŋraːɡ
槊	*sraːwɢ
蒴	*sraːwɢ
坼	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
拆	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
逆	*ŋraɡ
屰	*ŋraɡ
縌	*ŋraɡ
蝷	*reːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ): semantic 图 (“hand”) + phonetic 斥 (OC *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chè (che⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caak³
• Eastern Min (BUC): cháik
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ceh⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhek / thek

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chè
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chè
    • Wade–Giles: chʻê⁴
    • Yale: chè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheh
    • Palladius: чэ (čɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: caak³
    • Yale: chaak
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaak⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: cag³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːk̚³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cháik
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaiʔ²⁴/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ceh⁶
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cheh
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛʔ²¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ceh⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛʔ²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek / thek
    • Tâi-lô: tshik / thik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zheg, teg
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/, /tʰiɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚⁵/, /tʰiɪk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/, /tʰiɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/, /tʰiɪk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/, /tʰiɪk̚³²/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-qʰˤ<r>ak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	坼
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chè
Middle Chinese	‹ trhæk ›
Old Chinese	/*Nə-qʰˁ<r>ak/ (W dialect: *qʰˁr- > *r̥ˁ- > trh-)
English	split (v.i.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	坼
Reading #	1/1
No.	9471
Phonetic component	屰
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	𡍩
Old Chinese	/*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ/
Notes	原右從廣屰，注亦作坼

Definitions

坼

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to crack; to break open
2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to sprout; to blossom

Compounds

• 剖心坼肝
• 地坼天崩
• 坼兆
• 坼副 (chèpì)
• 坼裂 (chèliè)
• 天崩地坼
• 山崩地坼
• 爆坼
• 龜坼 / 龟坼

References

• “坼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “坼”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 28.

Japanese

Kanji

坼

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. split
2. tear
3. open

Readings

• On (unclassified): たく (taku)、ちゃく (chaku)
• Kun: さける (sakeru)、わかれる (wakareru)、ひらく (hiraku)、さけめ (sakeme)

Korean

Hanja

坼 • (tak) (hangeul 탁, revised tak, McCune–Reischauer t'ak)

1. split
2. open

Vietnamese

Han character

坼: Hán Nôm readings: sách

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