閹

See also: 阉

閹 U+95B9, 閹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95B9 ← 閸 [U+95B8] CJK Unified Ideographs 閺 → [U+95BA]

Translingual

Han character

閹 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 日弓大中山 (ANKLU), four-corner 7771₆, composition ⿵門奄)

1. castrate
2. eunuch

Derived characters

• 𤑷

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1337, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41372
• Dae Jaweon: page 1842, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4303, character 9
• Unihan data for U+95B9

Chinese

trad.		閹
simp.		阉
alternative forms		奄

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 閹
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (奄) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
庵	*qoːm, *qoːb
鵪	*qoːm
菴	*qoːm, *qrom
馣	*qoːm
晻	*qoːmʔ, *qromʔ
唵	*qoːmʔ
黤	*qoːmʔ, *qraːmʔ
埯	*qaːmʔ, *qomʔ
淹	*qroːm, *qrom, *qom, *qoms
閹	*qrom, *qromʔ
崦	*qrom
醃	*qrom, *qom
掩	*qromʔ
奄	*qromʔ
罨	*qromʔ, *qoːb, *qob
裺	*qromʔ, *qoms
俺	*qromʔ, *qoms
腌	*qom, *qrob, *qob
殗	*qob
餣	*qob

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yān (yan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jim¹

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): jin¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yiam¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): yâm

  (Hailu, HRS): rham^ˋ

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iam

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iam¹

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): iam¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹i
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ienn¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yān
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yan
    • Wade–Giles: yen¹
    • Yale: yān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ian
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jim¹
    • Yale: yīm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jim¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yim¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm⁵⁵/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: jin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /zin²¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: yiam¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiam³³/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yâm
    • Hakka Romanization System: iam^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yam¹
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯am²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yâm
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iam^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yam¹
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯am²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: rham^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /ʒam⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iam
    • Tâi-lô: iam
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iafm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iam³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iam⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: iam¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iam
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iam³³/
  • (Leizhou)
    • Leizhou Pinyin: iam¹
    • Sinological IPA: /iam³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹i
    • MiniDict: i^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹i
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /i⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ienn¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i̯ẽ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: 'jem, 'jemX

Rime
Character	閹	閹
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	鹽 (154)	鹽 (154)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	央炎切	衣儉切
Baxter	'jem	'jemX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠiᴇm/	/ʔˠiᴇmX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚiɛm/	/ʔᵚiɛmX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiæm/	/ʔiæmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔjiam/	/ʔjiamX/
Li Rong	/ʔjɛm/	/ʔjɛmX/
Wang Li	/ĭɛm/	/ĭɛmX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛm/	/ʔi̯ɛmX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yān	yǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim1	jim2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qrom/, /*qromʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閹	閹
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	14339	14346
Phonetic component	奄	奄
Rime group	談	談
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	淹	奄
Old Chinese	/*qrom/	/*qromʔ/

Definitions

閹

1. to castrate; to spay
2. castrated person; eunuch

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 劁 (“to geld; to castrate (a pig)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		劁, 閹
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	劁
	Chengde	劁
	Chifeng	劁
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	劁
	Heihe	劁
	Qiqihar	劁
	Harbin	劁
	Jiamusi	劁
	Baicheng	劁
	Changchun	劁
	Tonghua	劁
	Shenyang	劁
	Jinzhou	劁
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	劁
	Tangshan	劁
	Cangzhou	劁
	Baoding	劁
	Shijiazhuang	劁
	Lijin	劁
	Jinan	劁
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	劁
	Dandong	劁
	Yantai	挑
	Qingdao	挑
	Zhucheng	摘
Central Plains Mandarin	Lingbao	劁
	Jining	摘, 騸
	Linfen	劁
	Shangqiu	摘
	Yuanyang	摘
	Zhengzhou	摘
	Xinyang	劁
	Baihe	劁
	Xi'an	騸
	Baoji	劁
	Tianshui	劁
	Xining	劁
	Xuzhou	劁, 摘
	Fuyang	劁
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	劁
	Lanzhou	劁
	Dunhuang	劁
	Hami	劁
	Ürümqi	劁
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	騸
	Nanchong	騸
	Dazhou	騸
	Hanyuan	騸
	Xichang	劁
	Zigong	鏾
	Chongqing	劁, 騸
	Wuhan	劁
	Yichang	劁
	Xiangyang	劁
	Tianmen	劁
	Guiyang	騸
	Zunyi	騸
	Bijie	騸, 割
	Liping	劁
	Zhaotong	劁
	Dali	劁
	Kunming	劁
	Mengzi	劁
	Guilin	劁
	Liuzhou	閹
	Jishou	閹
	Changde	閹
	Hanzhong	騸
Jianghuai Mandarin	Lianyungang	劁
	Lianshui	劁
	Nantong	劁
	Anqing	削
	Wuhu	削
	Hefei	騸
	Hong'an	劁
Cantonese	Guangzhou	閹
	Hong Kong	閹
Huizhou	Shexian	羯
Jin	Taiyuan	劁
	Yangyuan	劁
	Datong	劁
	Xinzhou	劁
	Lüliang (Lishi)	劁
	Changzhi	劁
	Linhe	劁
	Jining	劁
	Hohhot	劁
	Erenhot	劁
	Pingshan	劁
	Zhangjiakou	劁
	Handan	劁
	Linzhou	劁
	Suide	劁
Southern Min	Xiamen	閹

Dialectal synonyms of 騸 (“to geld (a horse)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		騸
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	騸
	Chengde	騸
	Chifeng	騸
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	騸
	Heihe	騸
	Qiqihar	騸
	Harbin	騸
	Jiamusi	騸
	Baicheng	騸
	Changchun	騸
	Tonghua	騸
	Shenyang	騸
	Jinzhou	騸
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	騸
	Tangshan	騸
	Cangzhou	騸
	Baoding	騸
	Shijiazhuang	騸
	Lijin	騸
	Jinan	騸
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	騸
	Dandong	騸
	Yantai	鏾
	Qingdao	騸
	Zhucheng	騸
Central Plains Mandarin	Lingbao	騸
	Jining	騸
	Linfen	騸
	Shangqiu	騸
	Yuanyang	騸
	Zhengzhou	騸
	Xinyang	騸
	Baihe	騸
	Xi'an	騸
	Baoji	騸
	Tianshui	騸
	Xining	騸
	Xuzhou	騸
	Fuyang	騸
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	騸
	Lanzhou	騸
	Dunhuang	騸
	Hami	騸
	Ürümqi	騸
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	騸
	Nanchong	騸
	Dazhou	騸
	Hanyuan	騸
	Xichang	騸
	Zigong	鏾
	Chongqing	騸
	Wuhan	騸
	Yichang	騸
	Xiangyang	騸
	Tianmen	騸
	Guiyang	騸
	Zunyi	騸
	Bijie	騸
	Liping	騸
	Zhaotong	騸
	Dali	騸
	Kunming	騸
	Mengzi	騸
	Guilin	騸
	Liuzhou	騸
	Jishou	騸
	Changde	閹
	Hanzhong	騸
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	騸
	Yangzhou	騸
	Lianyungang	騸
	Lianshui	騸
	Nantong	騸
	Anqing	騸
	Wuhu	鏾
	Hefei	騸
	Hong'an	騸
Huizhou	Shexian	鏾
Jin	Taiyuan	騸
	Yangyuan	騸
	Datong	騸
	Xinzhou	騸
	Lüliang (Lishi)	騸
	Changzhi	騸
	Linhe	騸
	Jining	騸
	Hohhot	騸
	Erenhot	騸
	Pingshan	騸
	Zhangjiakou	騸
	Handan	騸
	Linzhou	騸
	Suide	騸

Compounds

• 天閹 / 天阉
• 閹人 / 阉人 (yānrén)
• 閹割 / 阉割 (yāngē)
• 閹官 / 阉官 (yānguān)
• 閹宦 / 阉宦 (yānhuàn)
• 閹寺 / 阉寺 (yānsì)
• 閹然 / 阉然
• 閹豎 / 阉竖 (yānshù)
• 閹雞 / 阉鸡 (yānjī)
• 閹黨 / 阉党 (yāndǎng)

Japanese

Kanji

閹

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. eunuch

Readings

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

• Go-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)←えむ (emu, ancient)}
• Kun: しもべ (shimobe, 閹)、めしつかい (meshitsukai, 閹)^{←めしつかひ (mesitukafi, 閹, historical)}

Compounds

• 閹官(えんかん) (enkan)
• 閹人(えんじん) (enjin)

Korean

Hanja

閹 (eum 엄 (eom))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.