闡

See also: 阐 and 閳

闡 U+95E1, 闡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95E1 ← 闠 [U+95E0] CJK Unified Ideographs 闢 → [U+95E2]

Translingual

Han character

闡 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+12, 20 strokes, cangjie input 日弓口口十 (ANRRJ), four-corner 7750₆, composition ⿵門單)

1. explain, clarify, elucidate

Derived characters

• 𢺛, 灛, 𤓙, 𥸍

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1342, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41489
• Dae Jaweon: page 1846, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4318, character 10
• Unihan data for U+95E1

Chinese

trad.		闡
simp.		阐
alternative forms		閳 𨴁 𨴝

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 闡
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (單) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嚲	*taːlʔ
癉	*taːlʔ, *taːls, *taːn, *daːn
奲	*taːlʔ, *tʰjaːlʔ
驒	*daːl, *daːn, *teːn
鼉	*daːl
磾	*teːl
鷤	*deːl, *deːls, *daːn
觶	*tjal, *tjals
單	*taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans
鄲	*taːn
殫	*taːn
簞	*taːn
匰	*taːn
襌	*taːn
彈	*daːn, *daːns
貚	*daːn, *deːn
撣	*daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan, *taːnʔ
潬	*daːnʔ
僤	*daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan
憚	*daːns
樿	*tjanʔ
燀	*tjanʔ, *tʰjan, *tʰjanʔ
戰	*tjans
闡	*tʰjanʔ
繟	*tʰjanʔ
幝	*tʰjanʔ
嘽	*tʰaːn, *tʰjanʔ
灛	*tʰjanʔ
蟬	*djan
禪	*djan, *djans
嬋	*djan
墠	*djanʔ
鱓	*djanʔ
蕇	*teːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰjanʔ): semantic 門 (“double door”) + phonetic 單 (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chǎn (chan³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cin² / zin² / sin⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhián / chhán

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chǎn
    • Wade–Giles: chʻan³
    • Yale: chǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaan
    • Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: cin² / zin² / sin⁶
    • Yale: chín / jín / sihn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsin² / dzin² / sin⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: qin² / jin² / xin⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn³⁵/, /t͡siːn³⁵/, /siːn²²/

Note: zin2, sin6 - variants.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhián
    • Tâi-lô: tshián
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiern
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡sʰiɛn⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɛn⁴¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɛn⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhán
    • Tâi-lô: tshán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zharn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰan⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰan⁵³/

Note:

• chhián - literary;
• chhán - vernacular.

---

• Middle Chinese: tsyhenX

Rime
Character	闡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	昌善切
Baxter	tsyhenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰiᴇnX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɛnX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰjænX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰianX/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiɛnX/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭɛnX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cin2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjanʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	闡
Reading #	1/1
No.	2021
Phonetic component	單
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	闡
Old Chinese	/*tʰjanʔ/

Definitions

闡

1. (literary) to open; to open up
2. (literary) to expand; to extend
3. (literary, or in compounds) to reveal; to promote; to elucidate
4. alternative form of 繟 / 𦈎, used in 闡緩／阐缓
5. alternative form of 𨼒 (Chǎn)
6. alternative form of 灛 (chǎn)

Compounds

• 一闡提 / 一阐提 (yīchántí)
• 闓闡 / 闿阐
• 闡士 / 阐士
• 闡幽 / 阐幽
• 闡微 / 阐微
• 闡揚 / 阐扬 (chǎnyáng)
• 闡明 / 阐明 (chǎnmíng)
• 闡發 / 阐发 (chǎnfā)
• 闡究 / 阐究
• 闡緩 / 阐缓
• 闡論 / 阐论 (chǎnlùn)
• 闡述 / 阐述 (chǎnshù)
• 闡釋 / 阐释 (chǎnshì)
• 音韻闡微 / 音韵阐微

References

• “闡”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “闡”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04399

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 闡

闡

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. clarify
2. kanji used to transliterate Buddhist terms borrowed from Sanskrit

Readings

• Go-on: せん (sen)
• Kan-on: せん (sen)
• Kun: ひらく (hiraku, 闡く)、みちる (michiru, 闡る)
• Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)

Compounds

• 闡明(せんめい) (senmei)
• 闡揚(せんよう) (sen'yō)
• 一闡提(いっせんだい) (issendai), 闡提(せんだい) (sendai)

Korean

Hanja

闡 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

闡: Hán Nôm readings: xiển, xén, sởn, xển, xèng, siển, xẻn, xởn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.