馤

馤 U+99A4, 馤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-99A4 ← 馣 [U+99A3] CJK Unified Ideographs 馥 → [U+99A5]

Translingual

Han character

馤 (Kangxi radical 186, 香+9, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹日日心女 (HAAPV), composition ⿰香曷)

Derived characters

• 𬟞

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1429, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44544
• Dae Jaweon: page 1956, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4424, character 17
• Unihan data for U+99A4

Chinese

trad.		馤
simp. #		馤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
愒	*kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤	*qaːds
靄	*qaːds, *qaːd
餲	*qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd
喝	*qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭	*kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad
偈	*ɡrads, *ɡrad
猲	*kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛	*kaːd
輵	*kaːd
獦	*klaːd, *rab
渴	*kʰaːd, *ɡrad
嵑	*kʰaːd
暍	*qʰaːd, *qad
曷	*ɡaːd
褐	*ɡaːd
鶡	*ɡaːd
毼	*ɡaːd
蝎	*ɡaːd
鞨	*ɡaːd, *ɢljad
遏	*qaːd
齃	*qaːd
堨	*qaːd
擖	*kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb
楬	*kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad
朅	*kʰrad
藒	*kʰrad
竭	*ɡrad, *ɡad
碣	*ɡrad, *ɡad
羯	*kad
鍻	*kad
歇	*qʰad
蠍	*qʰad
謁	*qad

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ài (ai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄞˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ài
    • Zhuyin: ㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ài
    • Wade–Giles: ai⁴
    • Yale: ài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ay
    • Palladius: ай (aj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: 'ajH

Rime
Character	馤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	於蓋切
Baxter	'ajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑiH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔajH/
Li Rong	/ʔɑiH/
Wang Li	/ɑiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔɑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	oi3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qaːds/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	馤
Reading #	1/1
No.	5012
Phonetic component	曷
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	藹
Old Chinese	/*qaːds/

Definitions

馤

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) fragrance; aroma