arg

See also: Arg, ARG, and Arg.

Translingual

Etymology 1

Abbreviation of English Aragonese, Aragonese aragonés, or Spanish aragonés.

Symbol

arg

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Aragonese.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Aragonese terms

Etymology 2

Clipping of English argument.

Symbol

arg

1. (mathematics) The symbol for the argument function, which finds the polar angle of a complex number.

Usage notes

• (mathematics): The symbol arg is defined in ISO 80000-2:2019 to represent the principal value of the argument function. However, arg is often used to represent the multi-valued argument function, with Arg representing the principal value specifically.

English

Etymology 1

Shortening.

Noun

arg (plural args)

1. (programming, informal) An argument; a value passed as a parameter.

   The first arg needs to be an int.

Etymology 2

Noun

arg (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of arg. (“argent”).

Etymology 3

Interjection

arg

1. (informal) Expressing frustration or disappointment.

Anagrams

• Gra, gar, grá, RAG, Rag, Gar, RGA, rag, GAR, agr-

Albanian

Alternative forms

• argull (Tosk), ergjëz (standard), ergjiz

Etymology

Arbëreshë; from Proto-Albanian *arga, from Proto-Indo-European *Horgʰi (compare Armenian ոջիլ (oǰil)).

(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

arg m

1. (Arbëresh) nit

Danish

Etymology

From Old Danish argh, from Old Norse argr, from Proto-Germanic *argaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃orǵʰ-, *h₃erǵʰ- (“to copulate”).

Adjective

arg (neuter argt, plural and definite singular attributive arge)

1. fierce, stubborn, unyielding, ardent
2. (rare) bitter, bad, angry

References

• “arg” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “arg” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *arka, from Proto-Germanic *argaz. Compare German arg.

Adjective

arg (genitive ara, partitive arga, comparative arem, superlative kõige arem)

1. cowardly, shy

Declension

Declension of arg (ÕS type 22u/leib, g-ø gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		arg	arad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	ara
genitive			argade
partitive		arga	argu argasid
illative		arga arasse	argadesse arusse
inessive		aras	argades arus
elative		arast	argadest arust
allative		arale	argadele arule
adessive		aral	argadel arul
ablative		aralt	argadelt arult
translative		araks	argadeks aruks
terminative		arani	argadeni
essive		arana	argadena
abessive		arata	argadeta
comitative		araga	argadega

German

Etymology

From Middle High German arc, from Old High German arg.

Compare Hunsrik aarich, Pennsylvania German arrig, Central Franconian ärch, and Dutch erg. Also etymologically linked is English eerie.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Adjective

arg (strong nominative masculine singular arger, comparative ärger, superlative am ärgsten)

1. bad

   im Argen liegen ― to be in disorder

2. intense
3. wicked
4. disgusting

Usage notes

Capitalized Arg- with any ending other than -s is in fact the (nominalized) adjective arg, not the noun Arg.

Declension

Positive forms of arg

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist arg	sie ist arg	es ist arg	sie sind arg
strong declension (without article)	nominative	arger	arge	arges	arge
	genitive	argen	arger	argen	arger
	dative	argem	arger	argem	argen
	accusative	argen	arge	arges	arge
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der arge	die arge	das arge	die argen
	genitive	des argen	der argen	des argen	der argen
	dative	dem argen	der argen	dem argen	den argen
	accusative	den argen	die arge	das arge	die argen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein arger	eine arge	ein arges	(keine) argen
	genitive	eines argen	einer argen	eines argen	(keiner) argen
	dative	einem argen	einer argen	einem argen	(keinen) argen
	accusative	einen argen	eine arge	ein arges	(keine) argen

Comparative forms of arg

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist ärger	sie ist ärger	es ist ärger	sie sind ärger
strong declension (without article)	nominative	ärgerer	ärgere	ärgeres	ärgere
	genitive	ärgeren	ärgerer	ärgeren	ärgerer
	dative	ärgerem	ärgerer	ärgerem	ärgeren
	accusative	ärgeren	ärgere	ärgeres	ärgere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der ärgere	die ärgere	das ärgere	die ärgeren
	genitive	des ärgeren	der ärgeren	des ärgeren	der ärgeren
	dative	dem ärgeren	der ärgeren	dem ärgeren	den ärgeren
	accusative	den ärgeren	die ärgere	das ärgere	die ärgeren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein ärgerer	eine ärgere	ein ärgeres	(keine) ärgeren
	genitive	eines ärgeren	einer ärgeren	eines ärgeren	(keiner) ärgeren
	dative	einem ärgeren	einer ärgeren	einem ärgeren	(keinen) ärgeren
	accusative	einen ärgeren	eine ärgere	ein ärgeres	(keine) ärgeren

Superlative forms of arg

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist am ärgsten	sie ist am ärgsten	es ist am ärgsten	sie sind am ärgsten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	ärgster	ärgste	ärgstes	ärgste
	genitive	ärgsten	ärgster	ärgsten	ärgster
	dative	ärgstem	ärgster	ärgstem	ärgsten
	accusative	ärgsten	ärgste	ärgstes	ärgste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der ärgste	die ärgste	das ärgste	die ärgsten
	genitive	des ärgsten	der ärgsten	des ärgsten	der ärgsten
	dative	dem ärgsten	der ärgsten	dem ärgsten	den ärgsten
	accusative	den ärgsten	die ärgste	das ärgste	die ärgsten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein ärgster	eine ärgste	ein ärgstes	(keine) ärgsten
	genitive	eines ärgsten	einer ärgsten	eines ärgsten	(keiner) ärgsten
	dative	einem ärgsten	einer ärgsten	einem ärgsten	(keinen) ärgsten
	accusative	einen ärgsten	eine ärgste	ein ärgstes	(keine) ärgsten

Related terms

• Arg
• ärgern
• Arglist
• arglistig
• arglos
• Argwohn
• argwöhnen
• argwöhnisch
• verargen

Further reading

• “arg” in Duden online
• “arg” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish orcaid.

Verb

arg (present analytic argann, future analytic argfaidh, verbal noun argain, past participle argtha)

1. (transitive) destroy, plunder

Conjugation

Conjugation of arg (first conjugation – A)

verbal noun	argain
past participle	argtha
tense	singular			plural			relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative
present	argaim	argann tú; argair†	argann sé, sí	argaimid	argann sibh	argann siad; argaid†	a argann; a argas / a n-argann*	argtar
past	d'arg mé; d'argas / arg mé‡; argas‡	d'arg tú; d'argais / arg tú; argais‡	d'arg sé, sí / arg sé, sí‡	d'argamar; d'arg muid / argamar; arg muid‡	d'arg sibh; d'argabhair / arg sibh; argabhair‡	d'arg siad; d'argadar / arg siad; argadar‡	a d'arg / ar arg*	argadh; hargadh†
past habitual	d'argainn / argainn‡; n-argainn‡‡	d'argtá / argtá‡; n-argtᇇ	d'argadh sé, sí / argadh sé, sí‡; n-argadh sé, s퇇	d'argaimis; d'argadh muid / argaimis; argadh muid‡; n-argaimis‡‡; n-argadh muid‡‡	d'argadh sibh / argadh sibh‡; n-argadh sibh‡‡	d'argaidís; d'argadh siad / argaidís; argadh siad‡; n-argaidís‡‡; n-argadh siad‡‡	a d'argadh / a n-argadh*	d'argtaí / argtaí‡; n-argta퇇
future	argfaidh mé; argfad	argfaidh tú; argfair†	argfaidh sé, sí	argfaimid; argfaidh muid	argfaidh sibh	argfaidh siad; argfaid†	a argfaidh; a argfas / a n-argfaidh*	argfar
conditional	d'argfainn / argfainn‡; n-argfainn‡‡	d'argfá / argfá‡; n-argfᇇ	d'argfadh sé, sí / argfadh sé, sí‡; n-argfadh sé, s퇇	d'argfaimis; d'argfadh muid / argfaimis‡; argfadh muid‡; n-argfaimis‡‡; n-argfadh muid‡‡	d'argfadh sibh / argfadh sibh‡; n-argfadh sibh‡‡	d'argfaidís; d'argfadh siad / argfaidís‡; argfadh siad‡; n-argfaidís‡‡; n-argfadh siad‡‡	a d'argfadh / a n-argfadh*	d'argfaí / argfaí‡; n-argfa퇇
subjunctive
present	go n-arga mé; go n-argad†	go n-arga tú; go n-argair†	go n-arga sé, sí	go n-argaimid; go n-arga muid	go n-arga sibh	go n-arga siad; go n-argaid†	—	go n-argtar
past	dá n-argainn	dá n-argtá	dá n-argadh sé, sí	dá n-argaimis; dá n-argadh muid	dá n-argadh sibh	dá n-argaidís; dá n-argadh siad	—	dá n-argtaí
imperative
–	argaim	arg	argadh sé, sí	argaimis	argaigí; argaidh†	argaidís	—	argtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

Mutation

Mutated forms of arg

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
arg	n-arg	harg	not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “arg”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “oirgid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Middle English

Adjective

arg

1. alternative form of argh

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *arg, from Proto-Germanic *argaz.

Adjective

arg

1. bad, wrong

Inflection

Declension of arg (a-stem)

strong declension
case	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	arg	arg	arg	arga, arge
accusative	argan, argen	arga	arg	arga, arge
genitive	arges	argero	arges	argero
dative	argin, argemo	argero	argin, argemo	argon
weak declension
case	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	argo	arga	arga	argon
accusative	argon	argon	arga	argon
genitive	argin	argon	argin	argono
dative	argin	argon	argin	argon

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: arch
  • Dutch: erg, erreg, errug (eye dialect)
    • Afrikaans: erg
    • → Caribbean Javanese: èreg

References

• “arg”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑrɡ/, [ɑrˠɣ]

Adjective

arg (Northumbrian)

1. alternative form of earg

Declension

Declension of arg — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	arg	arg	arg
Accusative	argne	arge	arg
Genitive	arges	argre	arges
Dative	argum	argre	argum
Instrumental	arge	argre	arge
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	arge	arga, arge	arg
Accusative	arge	arga, arge	arg
Genitive	argra	argra	argra
Dative	argum	argum	argum
Instrumental	argum	argum	argum

Declension of arg — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	arga	arge	arge
Accusative	argan	argan	arge
Genitive	argan	argan	argan
Dative	argan	argan	argan
Instrumental	argan	argan	argan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	argan	argan	argan
Accusative	argan	argan	argan
Genitive	argra, argena	argra, argena	argra, argena
Dative	argum	argum	argum
Instrumental	argum	argum	argum

References

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “arg”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Old High German

Alternative forms

• arc, arga

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *arg, see also Old English earg, Old Norse argr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /arɣ/, /arɡ/

Adjective

arg

1. bad, wicked, godless
2. cowardly, honourless

Declension

Strong declension of arg

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argēr, arg	argiu, arg	argaȥ, arg
accusative	argan	arga	argaȥ, arg
genitive	arges	argera	arges
dative	argemu	argeru	argemu
instrumental	argu	—	argu
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	arge, arg	argo, arg	argiu, arg
accusative	arge	argo	argiu, arg
genitive	argero	argero	argero
dative	argēm	argēm	argēm

Weak declension of arg

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argo	arga	arga
accusative	argon	argūn	arga
genitive	argen	argūn	argen
dative	argen	argūn	argen
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argon	argūn	argon
accusative	argon	argūn	argon
genitive	argōno	argōno	argōno
dative	argōm	argōm	argōm

Declension of comparative of arg

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōro	argōra	argōra
accusative	argōron	argōrūn	argōra
genitive	argōren	argōrūn	argōren
dative	argōren	argōrūn	argōren
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōron	argōrūn	argōron
accusative	argōron	argōrūn	argōron
genitive	argōrōno	argōrōno	argōrōno
dative	argōrōm	argōrōm	argōrōm

Strong declension of superlative arg

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōstēr, argōst	argōstiu, argōst	argōstaȥ, argōst
accusative	argōstan	argōsta	argōstaȥ, argōst
genitive	argōstes	argōstera	argōstes
dative	argōstemu	argōsteru	argōstemu
instrumental	argōstu	—	argōstu
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōste, argōst	argōsto, argōst	argōstiu, argōst
accusative	argōste	argōsto	argōstiu, argōst
genitive	argōstero	argōstero	argōstero
dative	argōstēm	argōstēm	argōstēm

Weak declension of superlative arg

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōsto	argōsta	argōsta
accusative	argōston	argōstūn	argōsta
genitive	argōsten	argōstūn	argōsten
dative	argōsten	argōstūn	argōsten
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	argōston	argōstūn	argōston
accusative	argōston	argōstūn	argōston
genitive	argōstōno	argōstōno	argōstōno
dative	argōstōm	argōstōm	argōstōm

Derived terms

• argī

Descendants

• Middle High German: arc
  • Alemannic German: arg, arig

    Swabian: arg

  • Bavarian: oarg
  • Central Franconian: ärch, arch (Moselle Franconian)

    Hunsrik: aarich

  • German: arg
  • Luxembourgish: uerg
  • Rhine Franconian:

    Palatine German: aarich, arch, arich

    Pennsylvania German: arig, arrig

  • Yiddish: ערגער (erger), ערגסט (ergst)
  • → Medieval Latin: arga

Further reading

• Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

ilska

Wikipedia ^sv

Etymology

From Old Swedish argher, from Old Norse argr, from Proto-Germanic *argaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃orǵʰ-, *h₃erǵʰ- (“to copulate”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /arj/, [arj]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -arj

Adjective

arg (comparative argare, superlative argast)

1. angry, mad

   Jag blev arg på honom

   I got mad at him

   Elin blev mycket arg när hennes hund kissade i köket

   Elin was very angry when her dog peed in the kitchen

Declension

Inflection of arg

Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative1
common singular	arg	argare	argast
neuter singular	argt	argare	argast
plural	arga	argare	argast
masculine plural2	arge	argare	argast
Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular3	arge	argare	argaste
all	arga	argare	argaste

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Synonyms

• vred
• ilsken

References

• arg in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• arg in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• arg in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Veps

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *arka.

Adjective

arg

1. shy, timid

Declension

Inflection of arg (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.	arg
genitive sing.	argan
partitive sing.	argad
partitive plur.	argoid
	singular	plural
nominative	arg	argad
accusative	argan	argad
genitive	argan	argoiden
partitive	argad	argoid
essive-instructive	argan	argoin
translative	argaks	argoikš
inessive	argas	argoiš
elative	argaspäi	argoišpäi
illative	argaha	argoihe
adessive	argal	argoil
ablative	argalpäi	argoilpäi
allative	argale	argoile
abessive	argata	argoita
comitative	arganke	argoidenke
prolative	argadme	argoidme
approximative I	arganno	argoidenno
approximative II	argannoks	argoidennoks
egressive	argannopäi	argoidennopäi
terminative I	argahasai	argoihesai
terminative II	argalesai	argoilesai
terminative III	argassai	—
additive I	argahapäi	argoihepäi
additive II	argalepäi	argoilepäi

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *arki. Akin to Finnish arki.

Noun

arg

1. weekday, working day

   ezmärg ― Monday

   tožnarg ― Tuesday

2. (religion) Meat-eating period
3. (religion) Meal not recommended eating during a Christian fast (usually a meat food)

Declension

Inflection of arg (inflection type 21/sizar)
nominative sing.	arg
genitive sing.	argen
partitive sing.	argt
partitive plur.	argid
	singular	plural
nominative	arg	arged
accusative	argen	arged
genitive	argen	argiden
partitive	argt	argid
essive-instructive	argen	argin
translative	argeks	argikš
inessive	arges	argiš
elative	argespäi	argišpäi
illative	argehe	argihe
adessive	argel	argil
ablative	argelpäi	argilpäi
allative	argele	argile
abessive	argeta	argita
comitative	argenke	argidenke
prolative	argtme	argidme
approximative I	argenno	argidenno
approximative II	argennoks	argidennoks
egressive	argennopäi	argidennopäi
terminative I	argehesai	argihesai
terminative II	argelesai	argilesai
terminative III	argessai	—
additive I	argehepäi	argihepäi
additive II	argelepäi	argilepäi