desolar

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dēsōlāre, from dē- + sōlus + -ō. Cognate with English desolate, French désoler, Italian desolare, Romanian dezolare, and Spanish desolar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /de.zoˈla(ʁ)/ [de.zoˈla(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /de.zoˈla(ʁ)/ [de.zoˈla(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /de.zoˈla(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /de.zoˈla(ʁ)/ [de.zoˈla(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /de.zoˈla(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ.zuˈlaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ.zuˈlaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ.zuˈla.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: de‧so‧lar

Verb

desolar (first-person singular present desolo, first-person singular preterite desolei, past participle desolado)

1. to destroy, to devastate, to ruin

   Synonyms: destruir, devastar, arruinar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desolar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	desolar
Personal	desolar	desolares	desolar	desolarmos	desolardes	desolarem
Gerund
	desolando
Past participle
Masculine	desolado			desolados
Feminine	desolada			desoladas
Indicative
Present	desolo	desolas	desola	desolamos	desolais	desolam
Imperfect	desolava	desolavas	desolava	desolávamos	desoláveis	desolavam
Preterite	desolei	desolaste	desolou	desolamos1, desolámos2	desolastes	desolaram
Pluperfect	desolara	desolaras	desolara	desoláramos	desoláreis	desolaram
Future	desolarei	desolarás	desolará	desolaremos	desolareis	desolarão
Conditional	desolaria	desolarias	desolaria	desolaríamos	desolaríeis	desolariam
Subjunctive
Present	desole	desoles	desole	desolemos	desoleis	desolem
Imperfect	desolasse	desolasses	desolasse	desolássemos	desolásseis	desolassem
Future	desolar	desolares	desolar	desolarmos	desolardes	desolarem
Imperative
Affirmative		desola	desole	desolemos	desolai	desolem
Negative (não)		não desoles	não desole	não desolemos	não desoleis	não desolem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• desolação

Further reading

• “desolar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
• “desolar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin dēsōlāre, from dē- + sōlus + -ō. Cognate with English desolate, French désoler, Italian desolare, Portuguese desolar, and Romanian dezolare.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /desoˈlaɾ/ [d̪e.soˈlaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: de‧so‧lar

Verb

desolar (first-person singular present desuelo or desolo, first-person singular preterite desolé, past participle desolado)

1. to desolate, destroy
2. (reflexive) to grieve

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desolar (o-ue alternation or non-alternating) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			desolar
gerund			desolando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		desolado		desolada
		plural		desolados		desoladas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	desuelo, desolo	desuelas, desolastú desolásvos	desuela, desola	desolamos	desoláis	desuelan, desolan
	imperfect	desolaba	desolabas	desolaba	desolábamos	desolabais	desolaban
	preterite	desolé	desolaste	desoló	desolamos	desolasteis	desolaron
	future	desolaré	desolarás	desolará	desolaremos	desolaréis	desolarán
	conditional	desolaría	desolarías	desolaría	desolaríamos	desolaríais	desolarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	desuele, desole	desueles, desolestú desolésvos2	desuele, desole	desolemos	desoléis	desuelen, desolen
	imperfect (ra)	desolara	desolaras	desolara	desoláramos	desolarais	desolaran
	imperfect (se)	desolase	desolases	desolase	desolásemos	desolaseis	desolasen
	future1	desolare	desolares	desolare	desoláremos	desolareis	desolaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		desuela, desolatú desolávos	desuele, desole	desolemos	desolad	desuelen, desolen
	negative		no desueles, no desoles	no desuele, no desole	no desolemos	no desoléis	no desuelen, no desolen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of desolar (o-ue alternation or non-alternating)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive desolar	dative	desolarme	desolarte	desolarle, desolarse	desolarnos	desolaros	desolarles, desolarse
	accusative	desolarme	desolarte	desolarlo, desolarla, desolarse	desolarnos	desolaros	desolarlos, desolarlas, desolarse
with gerund desolando	dative	desolándome	desolándote	desolándole, desolándose	desolándonos	desolándoos	desolándoles, desolándose
	accusative	desolándome	desolándote	desolándolo, desolándola, desolándose	desolándonos	desolándoos	desolándolos, desolándolas, desolándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative desuela, desola	dative	desuélame, desólame	desuélate, desólate	desuélale, desólale	desuélanos, desólanos	not used	desuélales, desólales
	accusative	desuélame, desólame	desuélate, desólate	desuélalo, desólalo, desuélala, desólala	desuélanos, desólanos	not used	desuélalos, desólalos, desuélalas, desólalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative desolá	dative	desolame	desolate	desolale	desolanos	not used	desolales
	accusative	desolame	desolate	desolalo, desolala	desolanos	not used	desolalos, desolalas
with formal second-person singular imperative desuele, desole	dative	desuéleme, desóleme	not used	desuélele, desólele, desuélese, desólese	desuélenos, desólenos	not used	desuéleles, desóleles
	accusative	desuéleme, desóleme	not used	desuélelo, desólelo, desuélela, desólela, desuélese, desólese	desuélenos, desólenos	not used	desuélelos, desólelos, desuélelas, desólelas
with first-person plural imperative desolemos	dative	not used	desolémoste	desolémosle	desolémonos	desolémoos	desolémosles
	accusative	not used	desolémoste	desolémoslo, desolémosla	desolémonos	desolémoos	desolémoslos, desolémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative desolad	dative	desoladme	not used	desoladle	desoladnos	desolaos	desoladles
	accusative	desoladme	not used	desoladlo, desoladla	desoladnos	desolaos	desoladlos, desoladlas
with formal second-person plural imperative desuelen, desolen	dative	desuélenme, desólenme	not used	desuélenle, desólenle	desuélennos, desólennos	not used	desuélenles, desólenles, desuélense, desólense
	accusative	desuélenme, desólenme	not used	desuélenlo, desólenlo, desuélenla, desólenla	desuélennos, desólennos	not used	desuélenlos, desólenlos, desuélenlas, desólenlas, desuélense, desólense

Related terms

• desolación
• desolado
• desolador

Further reading

• “desolar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024