hapattaa

Finnish

Etymology

hapata (“to turn sour”) +‎ -ttaa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑpɑtːɑːˣ/, [ˈhɑ̝pɑ̝t̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑpɑtːɑː
• Syllabification^(key): ha‧pat‧taa
• Hyphenation^(key): ha‧pat‧taa

Verb

hapattaa (transitive)

1. to (make) sour, acidify
2. to ferment (to turn sour through lactic acid fermentation)
3. to culture (of milk products, to turn sour through lactic acid fermentation)

Conjugation

Inflection of hapattaa (Kotus type 53*C/muistaa, tt-t gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hapatan	en hapata	1st sing.	olen hapattanut	en ole hapattanut
2nd sing.		hapatat	et hapata	2nd sing.	olet hapattanut	et ole hapattanut
3rd sing.		hapattaa	ei hapata	3rd sing.	on hapattanut	ei ole hapattanut
1st plur.		hapatamme	emme hapata	1st plur.	olemme hapattaneet	emme ole hapattaneet
2nd plur.		hapatatte	ette hapata	2nd plur.	olette hapattaneet	ette ole hapattaneet
3rd plur.		hapattavat	eivät hapata	3rd plur.	ovat hapattaneet	eivät ole hapattaneet
passive		hapatetaan	ei hapateta	passive	on hapatettu	ei ole hapatettu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hapatin	en hapattanut	1st sing.	olin hapattanut	en ollut hapattanut
2nd sing.		hapatit	et hapattanut	2nd sing.	olit hapattanut	et ollut hapattanut
3rd sing.		hapatti	ei hapattanut	3rd sing.	oli hapattanut	ei ollut hapattanut
1st plur.		hapatimme	emme hapattaneet	1st plur.	olimme hapattaneet	emme olleet hapattaneet
2nd plur.		hapatitte	ette hapattaneet	2nd plur.	olitte hapattaneet	ette olleet hapattaneet
3rd plur.		hapattivat	eivät hapattaneet	3rd plur.	olivat hapattaneet	eivät olleet hapattaneet
passive		hapatettiin	ei hapatettu	passive	oli hapatettu	ei ollut hapatettu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hapattaisin	en hapattaisi	1st sing.	olisin hapattanut	en olisi hapattanut
2nd sing.		hapattaisit	et hapattaisi	2nd sing.	olisit hapattanut	et olisi hapattanut
3rd sing.		hapattaisi	ei hapattaisi	3rd sing.	olisi hapattanut	ei olisi hapattanut
1st plur.		hapattaisimme	emme hapattaisi	1st plur.	olisimme hapattaneet	emme olisi hapattaneet
2nd plur.		hapattaisitte	ette hapattaisi	2nd plur.	olisitte hapattaneet	ette olisi hapattaneet
3rd plur.		hapattaisivat	eivät hapattaisi	3rd plur.	olisivat hapattaneet	eivät olisi hapattaneet
passive		hapatettaisiin	ei hapatettaisi	passive	olisi hapatettu	ei olisi hapatettu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		hapata	älä hapata	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		hapattakoon	älköön hapattako	3rd sing.	olkoon hapattanut	älköön olko hapattanut
1st plur.		hapattakaamme	älkäämme hapattako	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		hapattakaa	älkää hapattako	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		hapattakoot	älkööt hapattako	3rd plur.	olkoot hapattaneet	älkööt olko hapattaneet
passive		hapatettakoon	älköön hapatettako	passive	olkoon hapatettu	älköön olko hapatettu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hapattanen	en hapattane	1st sing.	lienen hapattanut	en liene hapattanut
2nd sing.		hapattanet	et hapattane	2nd sing.	lienet hapattanut	et liene hapattanut
3rd sing.		hapattanee	ei hapattane	3rd sing.	lienee hapattanut	ei liene hapattanut
1st plur.		hapattanemme	emme hapattane	1st plur.	lienemme hapattaneet	emme liene hapattaneet
2nd plur.		hapattanette	ette hapattane	2nd plur.	lienette hapattaneet	ette liene hapattaneet
3rd plur.		hapattanevat	eivät hapattane	3rd plur.	lienevät hapattaneet	eivät liene hapattaneet
passive		hapatettaneen	ei hapatettane	passive	lienee hapatettu	ei liene hapatettu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		hapattaa		present	hapattava	hapatettava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hapattaakseni hapattaaksemme 2nd hapattaaksesi hapattaaksenne 3rd hapattaakseen hapattaaksensa		past	hapattanut	hapatettu
2nd	inessive2	hapattaessa	hapatettaessa	agent4	hapattama
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hapattaessani hapattaessamme 2nd hapattaessasi hapattaessanne 3rd hapattaessaan hapattaessansa		negative	hapattamaton
	instructive	hapattaen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. * The third-person singular indicative form hapattaa does not exhibit final gemination, unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd	inessive	hapattamassa	—
	elative	hapattamasta	—
	illative	hapattamaan	—
	adessive	hapattamalla	—
	abessive	hapattamatta	—
	instructive	hapattaman	hapatettaman
4th3	verbal noun	hapattaminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hapattamaisillani hapattamaisillamme 2nd hapattamaisillasi hapattamaisillanne 3rd hapattamaisillaan hapattamaisillansa

Derived terms

nouns

• hapate
• hapatin
• hapattaminen
• hapatus

Further reading

• “hapattaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023