Etymology
From hip- + -oa. Probably the same root with hioa (in which case the -p- might be analogous to other gradation patterns; compare hivellä).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhipoɑˣ/, [ˈhipo̞ɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ipoɑ
- Syllabification(key): hi‧po‧a
- Hyphenation(key): hi‧poa
Verb
hipoa
- to graze, (barely) touch, to verge on
Näin lentokoneen hipovan puitten latvoja.- I could see the airplane graze the treetops.
Jelena Isinbajeva hipoi maailmanennätystä Lontoossa.- Yelena Isinbayeva came close to a world record in London.
Conjugation
More information indicative mood, present tense ...
| Inflection of hipoa (Kotus type 52*E/sanoa, p-v gradation) |
| indicative mood |
| present tense |
perfect |
| 1st sing. |
hivon |
en hivo |
1st sing. |
olen hiponut |
en ole hiponut |
| 2nd sing. |
hivot |
et hivo |
2nd sing. |
olet hiponut |
et ole hiponut |
| 3rd sing. |
hipoo |
ei hivo |
3rd sing. |
on hiponut |
ei ole hiponut |
| 1st plur. |
hivomme |
emme hivo |
1st plur. |
olemme hiponeet |
emme ole hiponeet |
| 2nd plur. |
hivotte |
ette hivo |
2nd plur. |
olette hiponeet |
ette ole hiponeet |
| 3rd plur. |
hipovat |
eivät hivo |
3rd plur. |
ovat hiponeet |
eivät ole hiponeet |
| passive |
hivotaan |
ei hivota |
passive |
on hivottu |
ei ole hivottu |
| past tense |
pluperfect |
| 1st sing. |
hivoin |
en hiponut |
1st sing. |
olin hiponut |
en ollut hiponut |
| 2nd sing. |
hivoit |
et hiponut |
2nd sing. |
olit hiponut |
et ollut hiponut |
| 3rd sing. |
hipoi |
ei hiponut |
3rd sing. |
oli hiponut |
ei ollut hiponut |
| 1st plur. |
hivoimme |
emme hiponeet |
1st plur. |
olimme hiponeet |
emme olleet hiponeet |
| 2nd plur. |
hivoitte |
ette hiponeet |
2nd plur. |
olitte hiponeet |
ette olleet hiponeet |
| 3rd plur. |
hipoivat |
eivät hiponeet |
3rd plur. |
olivat hiponeet |
eivät olleet hiponeet |
| passive |
hivottiin |
ei hivottu |
passive |
oli hivottu |
ei ollut hivottu |
| conditional mood |
| present |
perfect |
| 1st sing. |
hipoisin |
en hipoisi |
1st sing. |
olisin hiponut |
en olisi hiponut |
| 2nd sing. |
hipoisit |
et hipoisi |
2nd sing. |
olisit hiponut |
et olisi hiponut |
| 3rd sing. |
hipoisi |
ei hipoisi |
3rd sing. |
olisi hiponut |
ei olisi hiponut |
| 1st plur. |
hipoisimme |
emme hipoisi |
1st plur. |
olisimme hiponeet |
emme olisi hiponeet |
| 2nd plur. |
hipoisitte |
ette hipoisi |
2nd plur. |
olisitte hiponeet |
ette olisi hiponeet |
| 3rd plur. |
hipoisivat |
eivät hipoisi |
3rd plur. |
olisivat hiponeet |
eivät olisi hiponeet |
| passive |
hivottaisiin |
ei hivottaisi |
passive |
olisi hivottu |
ei olisi hivottu |
| imperative mood |
| present |
perfect |
| 1st sing. |
— |
— |
1st sing. |
— |
— |
| 2nd sing. |
hivo |
älä hivo |
2nd sing. |
— |
— |
| 3rd sing. |
hipokoon |
älköön hipoko |
3rd sing. |
olkoon hiponut |
älköön olko hiponut |
| 1st plur. |
hipokaamme |
älkäämme hipoko |
1st plur. |
— |
— |
| 2nd plur. |
hipokaa |
älkää hipoko |
2nd plur. |
— |
— |
| 3rd plur. |
hipokoot |
älkööt hipoko |
3rd plur. |
olkoot hiponeet |
älkööt olko hiponeet |
| passive |
hivottakoon |
älköön hivottako |
passive |
olkoon hivottu |
älköön olko hivottu |
| potential mood |
| present |
perfect |
| 1st sing. |
hiponen |
en hipone |
1st sing. |
lienen hiponut |
en liene hiponut |
| 2nd sing. |
hiponet |
et hipone |
2nd sing. |
lienet hiponut |
et liene hiponut |
| 3rd sing. |
hiponee |
ei hipone |
3rd sing. |
lienee hiponut |
ei liene hiponut |
| 1st plur. |
hiponemme |
emme hipone |
1st plur. |
lienemme hiponeet |
emme liene hiponeet |
| 2nd plur. |
hiponette |
ette hipone |
2nd plur. |
lienette hiponeet |
ette liene hiponeet |
| 3rd plur. |
hiponevat |
eivät hipone |
3rd plur. |
lienevät hiponeet |
eivät liene hiponeet |
| passive |
hivottaneen |
ei hivottane |
passive |
lienee hivottu |
ei liene hivottu |
| Nominal forms |
| infinitives |
participles |
|
active |
passive |
|
active |
passive |
| 1st |
hipoa |
present |
hipova |
hivottava |
| long 1st1 |
| Person |
sing. |
plur. |
| 1st |
hipoakseni |
hipoaksemme |
| 2nd |
hipoaksesi |
hipoaksenne |
| 3rd |
hipoakseen
hipoaksensa |
|
past |
hiponut |
hivottu |
| 2nd |
inessive2 |
hipoessa |
hivottaessa |
agent4 |
hipoma |
| Person |
sing. |
plur. |
| 1st |
hipoessani |
hipoessamme |
| 2nd |
hipoessasi |
hipoessanne |
| 3rd |
hipoessaan
hipoessansa |
|
negative |
hipomaton |
| instructive |
hipoen |
— |
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones ( more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. |
| 3rd |
inessive |
hipomassa |
— |
| elative |
hipomasta |
— |
| illative |
hipomaan |
— |
| adessive |
hipomalla |
— |
| abessive |
hipomatta |
— |
| instructive |
hipoman |
hivottaman |
| 4th3 |
verbal noun |
hipominen |
| 5th1 |
| Person |
sing. |
plur. |
| 1st |
hipomaisillani |
hipomaisillamme |
| 2nd |
hipomaisillasi |
hipomaisillanne |
| 3rd |
hipomaisillaan
hipomaisillansa |
|
Close
References
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN