Suffix
-oa (front vowel harmony variant -öä, stem -o-, linguistic notation -O- or -OA)
- Forms frequentative and continuative verbs, primarily from nouns or verbs ending in -ta or -ata, but also from adverbs.
Conjugation
More information indicative mood, present tense ...
| Inflection of -oa (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) |
| indicative mood |
| present tense |
perfect |
| 1st sing. |
-on |
en -o |
1st sing. |
olen -onut |
en ole -onut |
| 2nd sing. |
-ot |
et -o |
2nd sing. |
olet -onut |
et ole -onut |
| 3rd sing. |
-oo |
ei -o |
3rd sing. |
on -onut |
ei ole -onut |
| 1st plur. |
-omme |
emme -o |
1st plur. |
olemme -oneet |
emme ole -oneet |
| 2nd plur. |
-otte |
ette -o |
2nd plur. |
olette -oneet |
ette ole -oneet |
| 3rd plur. |
-ovat |
eivät -o |
3rd plur. |
ovat -oneet |
eivät ole -oneet |
| passive |
-otaan |
ei -ota |
passive |
on -ottu |
ei ole -ottu |
| past tense |
pluperfect |
| 1st sing. |
-oin |
en -onut |
1st sing. |
olin -onut |
en ollut -onut |
| 2nd sing. |
-oit |
et -onut |
2nd sing. |
olit -onut |
et ollut -onut |
| 3rd sing. |
-oi |
ei -onut |
3rd sing. |
oli -onut |
ei ollut -onut |
| 1st plur. |
-oimme |
emme -oneet |
1st plur. |
olimme -oneet |
emme olleet -oneet |
| 2nd plur. |
-oitte |
ette -oneet |
2nd plur. |
olitte -oneet |
ette olleet -oneet |
| 3rd plur. |
-oivat |
eivät -oneet |
3rd plur. |
olivat -oneet |
eivät olleet -oneet |
| passive |
-ottiin |
ei -ottu |
passive |
oli -ottu |
ei ollut -ottu |
| conditional mood |
| present |
perfect |
| 1st sing. |
-oisin |
en -oisi |
1st sing. |
olisin -onut |
en olisi -onut |
| 2nd sing. |
-oisit |
et -oisi |
2nd sing. |
olisit -onut |
et olisi -onut |
| 3rd sing. |
-oisi |
ei -oisi |
3rd sing. |
olisi -onut |
ei olisi -onut |
| 1st plur. |
-oisimme |
emme -oisi |
1st plur. |
olisimme -oneet |
emme olisi -oneet |
| 2nd plur. |
-oisitte |
ette -oisi |
2nd plur. |
olisitte -oneet |
ette olisi -oneet |
| 3rd plur. |
-oisivat |
eivät -oisi |
3rd plur. |
olisivat -oneet |
eivät olisi -oneet |
| passive |
-ottaisiin |
ei -ottaisi |
passive |
olisi -ottu |
ei olisi -ottu |
| imperative mood |
| present |
perfect |
| 1st sing. |
— |
— |
1st sing. |
— |
— |
| 2nd sing. |
-o |
älä -o |
2nd sing. |
— |
— |
| 3rd sing. |
-okoon |
älköön -oko |
3rd sing. |
olkoon -onut |
älköön olko -onut |
| 1st plur. |
-okaamme |
älkäämme -oko |
1st plur. |
— |
— |
| 2nd plur. |
-okaa |
älkää -oko |
2nd plur. |
— |
— |
| 3rd plur. |
-okoot |
älkööt -oko |
3rd plur. |
olkoot -oneet |
älkööt olko -oneet |
| passive |
-ottakoon |
älköön -ottako |
passive |
olkoon -ottu |
älköön olko -ottu |
| potential mood |
| present |
perfect |
| 1st sing. |
-onen |
en -one |
1st sing. |
lienen -onut |
en liene -onut |
| 2nd sing. |
-onet |
et -one |
2nd sing. |
lienet -onut |
et liene -onut |
| 3rd sing. |
-onee |
ei -one |
3rd sing. |
lienee -onut |
ei liene -onut |
| 1st plur. |
-onemme |
emme -one |
1st plur. |
lienemme -oneet |
emme liene -oneet |
| 2nd plur. |
-onette |
ette -one |
2nd plur. |
lienette -oneet |
ette liene -oneet |
| 3rd plur. |
-onevat |
eivät -one |
3rd plur. |
lienevät -oneet |
eivät liene -oneet |
| passive |
-ottaneen |
ei -ottane |
passive |
lienee -ottu |
ei liene -ottu |
| Nominal forms |
| infinitives |
participles |
|
active |
passive |
|
active |
passive |
| 1st |
-oa |
present |
-ova |
-ottava |
| long 1st1 |
| Person |
sing. |
plur. |
| 1st |
-oakseni |
-oaksemme |
| 2nd |
-oaksesi |
-oaksenne |
| 3rd |
-oakseen -oaksensa |
|
past |
-onut |
-ottu |
| 2nd |
inessive2 |
-oessa |
-ottaessa |
agent4 |
-oma |
| Person |
sing. |
plur. |
| 1st |
-oessani |
-oessamme |
| 2nd |
-oessasi |
-oessanne |
| 3rd |
-oessaan -oessansa |
|
negative |
-omaton |
| instructive |
-oen |
— |
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones ( more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. |
| 3rd |
inessive |
-omassa |
— |
| elative |
-omasta |
— |
| illative |
-omaan |
— |
| adessive |
-omalla |
— |
| abessive |
-omatta |
— |
| instructive |
-oman |
-ottaman |
| 4th3 |
verbal noun |
-ominen |
| 5th1 |
| Person |
sing. |
plur. |
| 1st |
-omaisillani |
-omaisillamme |
| 2nd |
-omaisillasi |
-omaisillanne |
| 3rd |
-omaisillaan -omaisillansa |
|
Close
Note that if the stem has gradation, it is (almost always) preserved.