ibaba

Rwanda-Rundi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *ìpàpá. Cognate with Swahili ubawa.

Noun

ibabá class 5 (plural amababá class 6)

1. wing

Tagalog

Etymology 1

From i- +‎ baba (“lowness; descent”). The i- prefix for the noun is likely related to the Proto-Austronesian *i (location marker) (cf. ito, ilalim, ibabaw, ilaya, itaas).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ʔibaˈbaʔ/ [ʔɪ.bɐˈbaʔ] (“lower part; base; southern part of a district”, noun; “to bring down; to lower (volume)”, verb)
    • Rhymes: -aʔ
  • IPA^(key): /ʔiˈbabaʔ/ [ʔɪˈbaː.bɐʔ] (“to lower (one's voice)”, verb)
    • Rhymes: -abaʔ
• Syllabification: i‧ba‧ba

Noun

ibabâ (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜊ)

1. place under; underneath; under part

   Synonym: ilalim

   Antonym: itaas

2. lower part

   Synonyms: lapag, sahig

3. ground floor; basement; downstairs

   Synonym: silong

4. base; foot (of a staircase, mountain, etc.)

   Synonyms: puno, paanan

5. southern part of a district or town; opposite of the uptown district

   Synonym: timog

   Antonym: ilaya

Derived terms

• ibabaan
• kaiba-ibabaan
• kaibabaan
• paibaba
• pang-ibaba
• tagaibaba

Verb

ibabâ (complete ibinaba, progressive ibinababa, contemplative ibababa, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜊ)

1. to bring downstairs

   Synonym: ipanaog

   Antonym: iakyat

2. to put down a thing on something

   Synonym: ipatong

3. to bring down (from a tree, pole, etc.)

   Synonym: ilapag

4. to lower; to make lower (of the position of something)

   Synonym: pababain

5. (figurative) to bring down (of prices, rank, position, etc.)

   Synonym: babaan

6. to make softer; to lower (of volume)

   Synonyms: hinaan, ihina, babaan

   Antonym: ilakas

Conjugation

Verb conjugation for ibaba

affix		i-
root word		baba
trigger		object
aspect
infinitive		ibaba
complete		ibinaba
progressive		ibinababa inababa1
contemplative		ibababa ababa1
imperative		ibaba babaan1

¹ Dialectal use only.

Verb

ibabà (complete ibinaba, progressive ibinababa, contemplative ibababa, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜊ)

1. to lower or soften (one's voice)

   Synonyms: hinaan, ihina, babaan

Conjugation

Verb conjugation for ibaba

affix		i-
root word		baba
trigger		object
aspect
infinitive		ibaba
complete		ibinaba
progressive		ibinababa inababa1
contemplative		ibababa ababa1
imperative		ibaba babaan1

¹ Dialectal use only.

Etymology 2

From i- +‎ baba (“carried piggyback”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔibaˈba/ [ʔɪ.bɐˈba]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: i‧ba‧ba

Verb

ibabá (complete ibinaba, progressive ibinababa, contemplative ibababa, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜊ)

1. to be carried piggyback

   Synonym: babahin

Conjugation

Verb conjugation for ibaba

affix		i-
root word		baba
trigger		object
aspect
infinitive		ibaba
complete		ibinaba
progressive		ibinababa inababa1
contemplative		ibababa ababa1
imperative		ibaba babahan1

¹ Dialectal use only.

Further reading

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*generic marker of location in space or time”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Yoruba

Etymology

From iba +‎ iba, literally “father's father”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ī.bā.bā/

Noun

ibaba

1. (Ọwọ) paternal grandfather

Coordinate terms

• iyeye (“maternal grandmother”)