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baba
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "baba"
Languages (76)
English
Afrikaans • Albanian • Atong (India) • Azerbaijani • Basque • Betawi • Bikol Central • Cebuano • Crimean Tatar • Czech • Dagbani • Ewe • Fanagalo • Finnish • French • Galician • Garo • German • Hausa • Higaonon • Hiligaynon • Hungarian • Ilocano • Indonesian • Japanese • Kabyle • Kankanaey • Kashubian • Kikuyu • Latgalian • Lower Sorbian • Luo • Malay • Mansaka • Marshallese • Matal • Mwani • Naga Pidgin • Nefamese • Ngarluma • Nkonya • Old Czech • Old Polish • Peranakan Indonesian • Phuthi • Polish • Portuguese • Ratagnon • Romanian • Salar • Serbo-Croatian • Shona • Silesian • Slovak • Slovene • Slovincian • Southern Ndebele • Spanish • Swahili • Swazi • Tagalog • Taíno • Tarifit • Ternate • Tswana • Tumbuka • Turkish • Turkmen • Upper Sorbian • Venda • Wajarri • West Makian • Woiwurrung • Yoruba • Zulu
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Afrikaans • Albanian • Atong (India) • Azerbaijani • Basque • Betawi • Bikol Central • Cebuano • Crimean Tatar • Czech • Dagbani • Ewe • Fanagalo • Finnish • French • Galician • Garo • German • Hausa • Higaonon • Hiligaynon • Hungarian • Ilocano • Indonesian • Japanese • Kabyle • Kankanaey • Kashubian • Kikuyu • Latgalian • Lower Sorbian • Luo • Malay • Mansaka • Marshallese • Matal • Mwani • Naga Pidgin • Nefamese • Ngarluma • Nkonya • Old Czech • Old Polish • Peranakan Indonesian • Phuthi • Polish • Portuguese • Ratagnon • Romanian • Salar • Serbo-Croatian • Shona • Silesian • Slovak • Slovene • Slovincian • Southern Ndebele • Spanish • Swahili • Swazi • Tagalog • Taíno • Tarifit • Ternate • Tswana • Tumbuka • Turkish • Turkmen • Upper Sorbian • Venda • Wajarri • West Makian • Woiwurrung • Yoruba • Zulu
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English
Etymology
As one of the first utterances many babies are able to say, baba (like mama, papa, and dada) has come to be used in many languages as a term for various family members:
- father: Albanian, Arabic, Western Armenian, Chinese, Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Bengali, Greek, Marathi, Mingrelian, Nepali, Persian, Swahili, Turkish, Yoruba, Shona, Zulu
- grandmother: many Slavic languages (such as Bulgarian, Russian, Czech and Polish; a doublet of bubbe), Romanian, Yiddish, Japanese
- grandfather: Azerbaijani, Zulu (father, grandfather)
- baby: Afrikaans, Sinhala, Hungarian
These terms often continue to be used by English speakers whose families came from one of these cultures. In some cases, they may become more widely used in localities that have been heavily influenced by an immigrant community. Some senses were extensions of one of these family terms in the original languages ("old woman" from "grandmother", "holy man" from "father"). The "cake" sense comes through French, from Polish baba (“old woman”). The Middle Eastern word baba (as in Ali Baba) is rather a term of endearment, and is ultimately derived from Persian بابا (bābā, “father”) (from Old Persian pāpa; as opposed to the Arabic words أَبُو (ʔabū) and أَب (ʔab); see also Papak), and is linguistically related to the common European word papa and the word pope, having the same Indo-European origin. The Chinese word "baba", meaning father, comes from 爸爸.
Pronunciation
Noun
baba (plural babas)
- A kind of sponge cake soaked in rum-flavoured syrup.
- (especially among people of East European ancestry) A grandmother.
- 1993, Karen Dubinsky, Improper Advances: Rape and Heterosexual Conflict in Ontario, 1880-1929, University of Chicago Press:
- My baba, Ksenia Dubinsky, tells me that my education makes her proud.
- 2001, Brattleboro Remembers, edited by the Brattleboro [Vermont] Historical Society, Arcadia Publishing
- I walked first for my grandmother, and my mother was sorry she had missed my first steps. My Baba was so proud, my mother later told me.
- 2004, MaryBeth Bond, editor, A Woman's Europe: True Stories:
- As we made eye contact, I slowly began to wonder if she was Baba. I did not know my grandmother though I'd spoken with her several times on the telephone;
- An old woman, especially a traditional old woman from an eastern European culture.
- 1914, Russell Sage Foundation, Wage-earning Pittsburgh:
- Only two women, typical "babas" (peasant women) in the house from which I got my quilt and bedcloth, could be coaxed to pose;
- 1986, Janice Kulyk Keefer, The Paris-Napoli Express:
- Laura hadn't known that anyone's mother could look like that, like the babas you sometimes saw downtown, bandaged in kerchiefs and aprons, sitting toothless in stockinged feet on small verandahs, peeling potatoes or beets or just shaking their heads and grimacing.
- 2003, Colin Michael Hall, Liz Sharples, editors, Food Tourism Around The World: Development, Management and Markets:
- According to some, new volunteers are becoming more difficult to recruit and there are dark suggestions that 'money is being made on the backs of the babas', the dedicated, but ageing ladies who still spend countless hours of their time preparing foodstuffs for the occasion.
- (especially among people of Indian or Chinese ancestry) A father.
- 1849, Edward Bulwer Lytton, The Caxtons:
- The first time I signed my exercise I wrote "Pisistratus Caxton" in my best round-hand. "And dey call your baba a scholar!" said the Doctor, contemptuously.
- 1998, Mulan (movie)
- "The greatest gift and honor is having you for a daughter. I've missed you so." "I've missed you too, baba."
- 2002, Bend It Like Beckham (movie)
- Okay. Okay. Fine, baba. Let's just do it before something else goes wrong.
- 2003, House of Sand and Fog (movie)
- "Do not be disrespectful, son. Look at me." "Baba, were you a Savaki?"
- (Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism) A holy man, a spiritual leader.
- 1995, Hugh J.M. Johnston, Tara Singh Bains, The Four Quarters of the Night: The Life-Journey of an Emigrant Sikh:
- While I was in Port Alberni, three babas came to Canada to raise money ...
- 2004, Andrew Robinson, Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye: The Biography of a Master Film-Maker:
- But according to Ray, 'all the babas my uncle knew were genuine. None of them was exposed. They were fairly humble people, not show-offs like the Maharishi ...
- 2006, Suraiya Faroqhi, Subjects Of The Sultan: Culture And Daily Life In The Ottoman Empire:
- Most babas had little contact with written culture and are not therefore named in books and treatises.
- (British India) A baby, child.
- 1876, Sir George Otto Trevelyan, The Life and Letters of Lord Macaulay:
- That is to say, if I do not take care, I shall go on calling my darling 'Baba' till she is as old as her mamma, and has a dozen Babas of her own.
- 1904, Rudyard Kipling, Traffics and Discoveries:
- For my child is dead—my baba is dead!
- In baby talk, often used for a variety of words beginning with b, such as bottle or blanket.
- 2004, House (TV, episode 1.14)
- Oh, it's storytime! Let me get my baba.
- 2004, House (TV, episode 1.14)
Related terms
Translations
flavoured sponge cake
Further reading
Anagrams
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Afrikaans
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Noun
baba (plural babas)
Related terms
- babetjie
Verb
baba (present baba, present participle babaende, past participle gebaba)
Albanian
Etymology 1
From Ottoman Turkish بابا (baba), whence Turkish baba.
Pronunciation
Noun
babá m (plural baballárë, definite babái)
Declension
Derived terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
Noun
bába
- inflection of bábë:
Atong (India)
Pronunciation
Noun
baba (Bengali script বাবা)
Synonyms
(father):
References
- van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.
Azerbaijani
Pronunciation
Noun
baba (definite accusative babanı, plural babalar)
- grandfather
- Coordinate term: nənə
- term of address for old men
Declension
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Basque
Etymology
From Proto-Basque, ultimately from Latin faba.
Pronunciation
Noun
baba inan
- broad bean
- bean, green bean
- Synonym: babarrun
- blister
Declension
Derived terms
- baba beltz
- baba gorri
- baba handi
- baba zuri
- babak eltzetik atera
- babalarrutu
- babalasto
- babaolore
- babarrun
- babatsu
- babatu
- babazorro
Further reading
- “baba”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
- “baba”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
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Betawi
Alternative forms
- babè (Urban Jakarta)
Etymology
Borrowed from Hokkien 爸爸 (pa-pa), perhaps reinforced by the form aba. Sense 2 might be a semantic loan from Arabic بَابَا (bābā).
Pronunciation
Noun
baba
Bikol Central
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babaq, from Proto-Austronesian *babaq.
Pronunciation 1
Adjective
babâ (Basahan spelling ᜊᜊ)
- downstairs
- Antonym: taas
Noun
babâ (Basahan spelling ᜊᜊ)
- shortness, lowness (based on height)
- Antonym: langkaw
- (dialectal) bottom; below
- Antonym: babaw
- descent
- Synonym: palos
- disembarkment
- Synonym: lusad
- act of going downstairs
- Synonym: hilig
- decrease; lowering of quantity or measurement
- Synonym: ina
Derived terms
Pronunciation 2
Noun
babà (Basahan spelling ᜊᜊ)
Etymology 2
From padaba (“loved one, term of endearment”).
Pronunciation
Noun
babà (Basahan spelling ᜊᜊ)
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Cebuano
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baqbaq.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.
Pronunciation
Noun
bâbâ (Badlit spelling ᜊᜊ)
Verb
bâbâ (Badlit spelling ᜊᜊ)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Compare abaga.
Pronunciation
Verb
babá (Badlit spelling ᜊᜊ)
- to piggyback; to carry someone on the back
Quotations
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:baba.
Crimean Tatar
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: ba‧ba
Noun
baba
Declension
Derived terms
References
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Czech
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *baba.
Pronunciation
Noun
baba f
Declension
Declension of baba (hard feminine)
Related terms
verbs
- zbabět
Further reading
- “baba”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
- “baba”, in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
- “baba”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
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Dagbani
Etymology
Unknown.
Noun
baba (plural babanima)
- Title of the second chief butcher
Noun
baba
Noun
baba
Ewe
Noun
baba
References
Fanagalo
Etymology
From Zulu ubaba, from Proto-Bantu *bààbá.
Noun
baba
Finnish
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
baba
Declension
Further reading
- “baba”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023
French
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Polish baba, introduced in France in the eighteenth century at the court of Stanisław Leszczyński, king of Poland, duke of Lorraine and father-in-law of Louis XV.
Noun
baba m (plural babas)
- baba (type of cake)
- baba au rhum ― rum baba
Etymology 2
Adjective
baba (plural babas)
- (colloquial) flabbergasted
- 1999, Anna Gavalda, “Ambre”, in Je voudrais que quelqu'un m'attende quelque part, →ISBN:
- C'était un Argentin qui mesurait au moins deux mètres, il souriait tout les temps. J'étais baba devant ses tatouages.
- He was an Argentinian who was at least six foot six. He was always smiling. I was stunned by his tattoos.
Further reading
- “baba”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician
Etymology 1
Attested since the 18th century. From the hypothesized Vulgar Latin *baba, ultimately imitative of children speech on the pattern of the repeated syllable ba.
Pronunciation
Noun
baba f (plural babas)
Derived terms
References
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “baba”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “baba”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “baba”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Etymology 2
Verb
baba
- inflection of babar:
Garo
Etymology
Noun
baba
Synonyms
German
Etymology 1
A link of the term with the English bye-bye is possible but not certain.
Pronunciation
Interjection
baba
Usage notes
- Especially in East Austria, baba is the most commonly used informal term for saying "goodbye".
Further reading
- “baba” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “baba (Abschiedsgruß)” in Duden online
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Adjective
baba (indeclinable, predicative only)
Hausa
Etymology 1
A widespread areal word.
Pronunciation
Noun
bā̀ba m (possessed form bā̀ban)
- father
- Used as a term of address for a man of appropriate age to be one's father, or who shares one's father's name.
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
bā̀bā m (plural bā̀bànni, possessed form bā̀ban)
Etymology 3
Probably an early borrowing from Kanuri báwà (“paternal aunt”).
Pronunciation
Noun
bābà f (possessed form bābàr̃)
References
- Hausa vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
Etymology 4
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
bābā m (possessed form bāban)
- indigo (the plant, or the dye from it)
Higaonon
Noun
baba
Hiligaynon
Noun
bába or bâbâ
Hungarian
Ilocano
Indonesian
Japanese
Kabyle
Kankanaey
Kashubian
Kikuyu
Latgalian
Lower Sorbian
Luo
Malay
Mansaka
Marshallese
Matal
Mwani
Naga Pidgin
Nefamese
Ngarluma
Nkonya
Old Czech
Old Polish
Peranakan Indonesian
Phuthi
Polish
Portuguese
Ratagnon
Romanian
Salar
Serbo-Croatian
Shona
Silesian
Slovak
Slovene
Slovincian
Southern Ndebele
Spanish
Swahili
Swazi
Tagalog
Taíno
Tarifit
Ternate
Tswana
Tumbuka
Turkish
Turkmen
Upper Sorbian
Venda
Wajarri
West Makian
Woiwurrung
Yoruba
Zulu
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