lya

See also: Ly-α

Translingual

Etymology

Abbreviation of English Layakha.

Symbol

lya

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Layakha.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Layakha terms

Ndonga

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-dɪ́a (“to eat”), potentially from Proto-Atlantic-Congo *di- (“to eat”).

Verb

okulya

1. to eat
2. to drink
3. to bite
4. to snap at
5. to accuse
6. to conjure
7. to bewitch
8. to practise black magic

References

• T.E.Tirronen (1986), Ndonga-English Vocabulary‎, ELOC Printing Press, page 200

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hlýja, from the adjective hlýr.

Alternative forms

• lye (e and split infinitives)

Verb

lya (present tense lyer, past tense lydde, past participle lytt/lydd, passive infinitive lyast, present participle lyande, imperative ly)

1. to warm up, give off warmth

Etymology 2

Verb

lya (present tense lyar or lyer, past tense lya or lydde, past participle lya or lydd, present participle lyande, imperative ly)

1. eye dialect spelling of lyde

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

lya n

1. definite plural of ly

References

• “lya” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• yla

Nyole (Uganda)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-dɪ́a.

Verb

-lya (infinitive ohulya)

1. to eat

Derived terms

• -lya muswa ndala (“to be close friends”)
• -lyamo omwesindu (“to betray”)
• -liiwa (“to be eaten”)
• -liisa (“to feed”)

References

• Diprose, Martin; Musimami, Sylvester N. M. (2012), Lunyole–English Dictionary‎, SIL International

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish lya, assumed to originate from an unattested Old Swedish verb similar to Old Norse hlýja (“to protect”).

Noun

lya c

1. a lair, a den, a sett; a hole in the ground for a fox, wolf or badger
2. (figurative) a (small) apartment

Declension

Declension of lya

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	lya	lyas
	definite	lyan	lyans
plural	indefinite	lyor	lyors
	definite	lyorna	lyornas

Synonyms

• gryt
• ide
• kula

Related terms

• rävlya
• studentlya
• ungkarlslya

References

• lya in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• lya in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• lya in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams

• yla

Tooro

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lja/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-dɪ́a. Doublet of obulyo (“right (opposite of left)”) and ijo (“yesterday”).

Verb

-lya (infinitive okulya)

1. to eat
2. to get or acquire something
   1. to take a bribe [with enguzi ‘bribe’]
   2. to contract a debt [with ibanja ‘debt’]
   3. to ascend the throne [with obukama ‘kingdom’]

Conjugation

Conjugation of -lya

infinitives affirmative okulya negative okutalya imperatives affirmative lya negative (see second-person negative subjunctive forms) tense polarity basic forms relative forms1 present habitual affirmative subject concord + -lya person noun class singular plural first person ndya tulya second person olya mulya third person 1/2 alya balya 3/4 gulya erya 5/6 lirya galya 7/8 kirya birya 9/10 erya zirya 11/10 rulya 12/14 kalya bulya 13 — tulya 14/6 bulya galya 15/6 kulya 16 halya — negative ti- + subject concord + -lya person noun class singular plural first person tindya titulya second person tolya timulya third person 1/2 talya tibalya 3/4 tigulya terya 5/6 tirirya tigalya 7/8 tikirya tibirya 9/10 terya tizirya 11/10 tirulya 12/14 tikalya tibulya 13 — titulya 14/6 tibulya tigalya 15/6 tikulya 16 tihalya — subject concord + -talya present continuous affirmative ni- + subject concord + -lya person noun class singular plural first person nindya nitulya second person noolya nimulya third person 1/2 naalya nibalya 3/4 nigulya neerya 5/6 nirirya nigalya 7/8 nikirya nibirya 9/10 neerya nizirya 11/10 nirulya 12/14 nikalya nibulya 13 — nitulya 14/6 nibulya nigalya 15/6 nikulya 16 nihalya — subject concord + -rukulya negative ti- + subject concord + -rukulya person noun class singular plural first person tindukulya titurukulya second person torukulya timurukulya third person 1/2 tarukulya tibarukulya 3/4 tigurukulya terukulya 5/6 tirirukulya tigarukulya 7/8 tikirukulya tibirukulya 9/10 terukulya tizirukulya 11/10 tirurukulya 12/14 tikarukulya tiburukulya 13 — titurukulya 14/6 tiburukulya tigarukulya 15/6 tikurukulya 16 tiharukulya — subject concord + -tarukulya present continuative affirmative ni- + subject concord + -kyalya person noun class singular plural first person ninkyalya nitukyalya second person nookyalya nimukyalya third person 1/2 naakyalya nibakyalya 3/4 nigukyalya neekyalya 5/6 nirikyalya nigakyalya 7/8 nikikyalya nibikyalya 9/10 neekyalya nizikyalya 11/10 nirukyalya 12/14 nikakyalya nibukyalya 13 — nitukyalya 14/6 nibukyalya nigakyalya 15/6 nikukyalya 16 nihakyalya — subject concord + -rukukyalya negative ti- + subject concord + -kyalya person noun class singular plural first person tinkyalya titukyalya second person tokyalya timukyalya third person 1/2 takyalya tibakyalya 3/4 tigukyalya tekyalya 5/6 tirikyalya tigakyalya 7/8 tikikyalya tibikyalya 9/10 tekyalya tizikyalya 11/10 tirukyalya 12/14 tikakyalya tibukyalya 13 — titukyalya 14/6 tibukyalya tigakyalya 15/6 tikukyalya 16 tihakyalya — subject concord + -takyalya virtual present affirmative subject concord + -alya person noun class singular plural first person nalya twalya second person walya mwalya third person 1/2 yalya baalya 3/4 gwalya yalya 5/6 lyalya gaalya 7/8 kyalya byalya 9/10 yalya zaalya 11/10 rwalya 12/14 kaalya bwalya 13 — twalya 14/6 bwalya gaalya 15/6 kwalya 16 haalya — negative ti- + subject concord + alya person noun class singular plural first person tinalya titwalya second person tiwalya timwalya third person 1/2 tiyalya tibaalya 3/4 tigwalya tiyalya 5/6 tiryalya tigaalya 7/8 tikyalya tibyalya 9/10 tiyalya tizaalya 11/10 tirwalya 12/14 tikaalya tibwalya 13 — titwalya 14/6 tibwalya tigaalya 15/6 tikwalya 16 tihaalya — subject concord + -taalya present perfect affirmative subject concord + -liire person noun class singular plural first person ndiire tuliire second person oliire muliire third person 1/2 aliire baliire 3/4 guliire eriire 5/6 liriire galiire 7/8 kiriire biriire 9/10 eriire ziriire 11/10 ruliire 12/14 kaliire buliire 13 — tuliire 14/6 buliire galiire 15/6 kuliire 16 haliire — negative ti- + subject concord + -liire person noun class singular plural first person tindiire tituliire second person toliire timuliire third person 1/2 taliire tibaliire 3/4 tiguliire teriire 5/6 tiririire tigaliire 7/8 tikiriire tibiriire 9/10 teriire tiziriire 11/10 tiruliire 12/14 tikaliire tibuliire 13 — tituliire 14/6 tibuliire tigaliire 15/6 tikuliire 16 tihaliire — subject concord + -taliire near perfective affirmative subject concord + -akalya person noun class singular plural first person nakalya twakalya second person wakalya mwakalya third person 1/2 yakalya baakalya 3/4 gwakalya yakalya 5/6 lyakalya gaakalya 7/8 kyakalya byakalya 9/10 yakalya zaakalya 11/10 rwakalya 12/14 kaakalya bwakalya 13 — twakalya 14/6 bwakalya gaakalya 15/6 kwakalya 16 haakalya — negative ti- + subject concord + -kaliire person noun class singular plural first person tinkaliire titukaliire second person tokaliire timukaliire third person 1/2 takaliire tibakaliire 3/4 tigukaliire tekaliire 5/6 tirikaliire tigakaliire 7/8 tikikaliire tibikaliire 9/10 tekaliire tizikaliire 11/10 tirukaliire 12/14 tikakaliire tibukaliire 13 — titukaliire 14/6 tibukaliire tigakaliire 15/6 tikukaliire 16 tihakaliire — subject concord + -takaliire near past affirmative subject concord + -liirege person noun class singular plural first person ndiirege tuliirege second person oliirege muliirege third person 1/2 aliirege baliirege 3/4 guliirege eriirege 5/6 liriirege galiirege 7/8 kiriirege biriirege 9/10 eriirege ziriirege 11/10 ruliirege 12/14 kaliirege buliirege 13 — tuliirege 14/6 buliirege galiirege 15/6 kuliirege 16 haliirege — negative ti- + subject concord + -liirege person noun class singular plural first person tindiirege tituliirege second person toliirege timuliirege third person 1/2 taliirege tibaliirege 3/4 tiguliirege teriirege 5/6 tiririirege tigaliirege 7/8 tikiriirege tibiriirege 9/10 teriirege tiziriirege 11/10 tiruliirege 12/14 tikaliirege tibuliirege 13 — tituliirege 14/6 tibuliirege tigaliirege 15/6 tikuliirege 16 tihaliirege — subject concord + -taliirege remote past affirmative subject concord + -kalya person noun class singular plural first person nkalya tukalya second person okalya mukalya third person 1/2 akalya bakalya 3/4 gukalya ekalya 5/6 likalya gakalya 7/8 kikalya bikalya 9/10 ekalya zikalya 11/10 rukalya 12/14 kakalya bukalya 13 — tukalya 14/6 bukalya gakalya 15/6 kukalya 16 hakalya — subject concord + -aliire negative subject concord + -talye person noun class singular plural first person ntalye tutalye second person otalye mutalye third person 1/2 atalye batalye 3/4 gutalye etalye 5/6 litalye gatalye 7/8 kitalye bitalye 9/10 etalye ziitalye 11/10 rutalye 12/14 katalye butalye 13 — tutalye 14/6 butalye gatalye 15/6 kutalye 16 hatalye — subject concord + -taraliire experiential perfective affirmative subject concord + -raliire person noun class singular plural first person ndaliire turaliire second person oraliire muraliire third person 1/2 araliire baraliire 3/4 guraliire eraliire 5/6 liraliire garaliire 7/8 kiraliire biraliire 9/10 eraliire ziraliire 11/10 ruraliire 12/14 karaliire buraliire 13 — turaliire 14/6 buraliire garaliire 15/6 kuraliire 16 haraliire — negative ti- + subject concord + -kalyaga person noun class singular plural first person tinkalyaga titukalyaga second person tokalyaga timukalyaga third person 1/2 takalyaga tibakalyaga 3/4 tigukalyaga tekalyaga 5/6 tirikalyaga tigakalyaga 7/8 tikikalyaga tibikalyaga 9/10 tekalyaga tizikalyaga 11/10 tirukalyaga 12/14 tikakalyaga tibukalyaga 13 — titukalyaga 14/6 tibukalyaga tigakalyaga 15/6 tikukalyaga 16 tihakalyaga — subject concord + -takalyaga cessative perfective affirmative subject concord + -aaliire person noun class singular plural first person naaliire twaliire second person waaliire mwaliire third person 1/2 yaaliire baaliire 3/4 gwaliire yaaliire 5/6 lyaliire gaaliire 7/8 kyaliire byaliire 9/10 yaaliire zaaliire 11/10 rwaliire 12/14 kaaliire bwaliire 13 — twaliire 14/6 bwaliire gaaliire 15/6 kwaliire 16 haaliire — past habitual affirmative subject concord + -alyaga person noun class singular plural first person nalyaga twalyaga second person walyaga mwalyaga third person 1/2 yalyaga baalyaga 3/4 gwalyaga yalyaga 5/6 lyalyaga gaalyaga 7/8 kyalyaga byalyaga 9/10 yalyaga zaalyaga 11/10 rwalyaga 12/14 kaalyaga bwalyaga 13 — twalyaga 14/6 bwalyaga gaalyaga 15/6 kwalyaga 16 haalyaga — negative ti- + subject concord + alyaga person noun class singular plural first person tinalyaga titwalyaga second person tiwalyaga timwalyaga third person 1/2 tiyalyaga tibaalyaga 3/4 tigwalyaga tiyalyaga 5/6 tiryalyaga tigaalyaga 7/8 tikyalyaga tibyalyaga 9/10 tiyalyaga tizaalyaga 11/10 tirwalyaga 12/14 tikaalyaga tibwalyaga 13 — titwalyaga 14/6 tibwalyaga tigaalyaga 15/6 tikwalyaga 16 tihaalyaga — subject concord + -taalyaga near future affirmative subject concord + -raalya person noun class singular plural first person ndaalya turaalya second person oraalya muraalya third person 1/2 araalya baraalya 3/4 guraalya eraalya 5/6 liraalya garaalya 7/8 kiraalya biraalya 9/10 eraalya ziraalya 11/10 ruraalya 12/14 karaalya buraalya 13 — turaalya 14/6 buraalya garaalya 15/6 kuraalya 16 haraalya — negative ti- + subject concord + -aalye person noun class singular plural first person tinaalye titwalye second person tiwaalye timwalye third person 1/2 tiyaalye tibaalye 3/4 tigwalye tiyaalye 5/6 tiryalye tigaalye 7/8 tikyalye tibyalye 9/10 tiyaalye tizaalye 11/10 tirwalye 12/14 tikaalye tibwalye 13 — titwalye 14/6 tibwalye tigaalye 15/6 tikwalye 16 tihaalye — subject concord + -taalye remote future affirmative subject concord + -lirya person noun class singular plural first person ndirya tulirya second person olirya mulirya third person 1/2 alirya balirya 3/4 gulirya erirya 5/6 lirirya galirya 7/8 kirirya birirya 9/10 erirya zirirya 11/10 rulirya 12/14 kalirya bulirya 13 — tulirya 14/6 bulirya galirya 15/6 kulirya 16 halirya — negative ti- + subject concord + -lirya person noun class singular plural first person tindirya titulirya second person tolirya timulirya third person 1/2 talirya tibalirya 3/4 tigulirya terirya 5/6 tiririrya tigalirya 7/8 tikirirya tibirirya 9/10 terirya tizirirya 11/10 tirulirya 12/14 tikalirya tibulirya 13 — titulirya 14/6 tibulirya tigalirya 15/6 tikulirya 16 tihalirya — subject concord + -talirya future habitual affirmative subject concord + -raalyaga person noun class singular plural first person ndaalyaga turaalyaga second person oraalyaga muraalyaga third person 1/2 araalyaga baraalyaga 3/4 guraalyaga eraalyaga 5/6 liraalyaga garaalyaga 7/8 kiraalyaga biraalyaga 9/10 eraalyaga ziraalyaga 11/10 ruraalyaga 12/14 karaalyaga buraalyaga 13 — turaalyaga 14/6 buraalyaga garaalyaga 15/6 kuraalyaga 16 haraalyaga — negative ti- + subject concord + -aalyege person noun class singular plural first person tinaalyege titwalyege second person tiwaalyege timwalyege third person 1/2 tiyaalyege tibaalyege 3/4 tigwalyege tiyaalyege 5/6 tiryalyege tigaalyege 7/8 tikyalyege tibyalyege 9/10 tiyaalyege tizaalyege 11/10 tirwalyege 12/14 tikaalyege tibwalyege 13 — titwalyege 14/6 tibwalyege tigaalyege 15/6 tikwalyege 16 tihaalyege — subject concord + -taalyege subjunctive affirmative subject concord + lye person noun class singular plural first person ndye tulye second person olye mulye third person 1/2 alye balye 3/4 gulye erye 5/6 lirye galye 7/8 kirye birye 9/10 erye zirye 11/10 rulye 12/14 kalye bulye 13 — tulye 14/6 bulye galye 15/6 kulye 16 halye — negative subject concord + -talya person noun class singular plural first person ntalya tutalya second person otalya mutalya third person 1/2 atalya batalya 3/4 gutalya etalya 5/6 litalya gatalya 7/8 kitalya bitalya 9/10 etalya zitalya 11/10 rutalya 12/14 katalya butalya 13 — tutalya 14/6 butalya gatalya 15/6 kutalya 16 hatalya — — subjunctive habitual affirmative subject concord + lyege person noun class singular plural first person ndyege tulyege second person olyege mulyege third person 1/2 alyege balyege 3/4 gulyege eryege 5/6 liryege galyege 7/8 kiryege biryege 9/10 eryege ziryege 11/10 rulyege 12/14 kalyege bulyege 13 — tulyege 14/6 bulyege galyege 15/6 kulyege 16 halyege — hypothetical affirmative subject concord + -aakulya person noun class singular plural first person naakulya twakulya second person waakulya mwakulya third person 1/2 yaakulya baakulya 3/4 gwakulya yaakulya 5/6 lyakulya gaakulya 7/8 kyakulya byakulya 9/10 yaakulya zaakulya 11/10 rwakulya 12/14 kaakulya bwakulya 13 — twakulya 14/6 bwakulya gaakulya 15/6 kwakulya 16 haakulya — negative ti- + subject concord + -aakulya person noun class singular plural first person tinaakulya titwakulya second person tiwaakulya timwakulya third person 1/2 tiyaakulya tibaakulya 3/4 tigwakulya tiyaakulya 5/6 tiryakulya tigaakulya 7/8 tikyakulya tibyakulya 9/10 tiyaakulya tizaakulya 11/10 tirwakulya 12/14 tikaakulya tibwakulya 13 — titwakulya 14/6 tibwakulya tigaakulya 15/6 tikwakulya 16 tihaakulya — subject concord + -taakulya conditional affirmative subject concord + -aakuliire person noun class singular plural first person naakuliire twakuliire second person waakuliire mwakuliire third person 1/2 yaakuliire baakuliire 3/4 gwakuliire yaakuliire 5/6 lyakuliire gaakuliire 7/8 kyakuliire byakuliire 9/10 yaakuliire zaakuliire 11/10 rwakuliire 12/14 kaakuliire bwakuliire 13 — twakuliire 14/6 bwakuliire gaakuliire 15/6 kwakuliire 16 haakuliire — negative ti- + subject concord + -aakuliire person noun class singular plural first person tinaakuliire titwakuliire second person tiwaakuliire timwakuliire third person 1/2 tiyaakuliire tibaakuliire 3/4 tigwakuliire tiyaakuliire 5/6 tiryakuliire tigaakuliire 7/8 tikyakuliire tibyakuliire 9/10 tiyaakuliire tizaakuliire 11/10 tirwakuliire 12/14 tikaakuliire tibwakuliire 13 — titwakuliire 14/6 tibwakuliire tigaakuliire 15/6 tikwakuliire 16 tihaakuliire — subject concord + -taakuliire object concords person noun class singular plural first person -ndya -tulya second person -kulya -balya third person 1/2 -mulya 3/4 -gulya -girya 5/6 -lirya -galya 7/8 -kirya -birya 9/10 -girya -zirya 11/10 -rulya 12/14 -kalya -bulya 13 — -tulya 14/6 -bulya -galya 15/6 -kulya 16 -halya —

¹ The forms in this column are reduced relative forms; full relative forms require an augment before the subject concord.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -liira
  • Long causative: -liisa
  • Passive: -liibwa

• Nominal derivations:
  • omuli (“eater”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *dɪ́á-.

Particle

lya (apocopic form ly')

1. class 5 indefinite of -a

References

• Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary‎, Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 245
• Rubongoya, L. T. (2013), Katondogorozi y'Orunyoro-Rutooro n'Orungereza [Runyoro–Rutooro-English and English-Runyoro–Rutooro dictionary]‎, Kampala: Modrug Publishers, →ISBN, page 351

Tumbuka

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-dɪ́a. Cognate with Yao -lya, Chichewa -dya, Shona -dya, Swahili -la, Chopi dia.

Verb

-lya (infinitive kulya)

1. to eat

Derived terms

• cakulya
• -lyeska (“to feed”)

Yao

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-dɪ́a. Cognate with Tumbuka -lya, Chichewa -dya, Shona -dya, Swahili -la, Chopi -dia.

Verb

-lya (infinitive kulya, perfect -lile)

1. to eat

Derived terms

• -liisya (“to feed”)
• -lyalya (“to be greedy”)
• -ligwa (“to be eaten”)

References

• Ciyawo - English Dictionary: Dikishonale ja Ŵakulijiganya
• Alick Kadango Bwanali, Jean Chavula, Stella Kachiwanda, Arnold Mboga, Ahmmardouh Mjaya, Al Mtenje, Francis Botha Njaya, Mario Thodi (2009), Mgopolela Maloŵe jwa Ciyawo‎, The Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society (CASAS), page 96
• Padre Pedro Dupeyron (1880), Pequeno Vademecum da Lingua Bantu na Provincia de Moçambique ou Breve Estudo da Lingua Chi-Yao ou Adjaua‎, Administração do Novo Mensageiro do Coraçao de Jesus, page 156