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on-

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "on"

English

Alternative forms

a-, an-

Etymology

From Middle English on-, from Old English on-, an-, from Proto-West Germanic *ana-, from Proto-Germanic *an-, *ana- (“on-”), from Proto-Indo-European *ano-, *nō- (“on”). Cognate with Dutch aan-, German an-, Swedish an-. Doublet of ana-.

Prefix

on-

on, at, toward, upon.
oncome, onset, onfall, onlay

Synonyms

(above): en-, epi-, super-, supra-, sur-, hyper-

Derived terms

Anagrams

Nº, NO, No, No., N.O., no, no.

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Dutch

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch on-, from Old Dutch un-, from Proto-West Germanic *un-, from Proto-Germanic *un-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.

Prefix

on-

un-, in- (expresses negation)
bad, grave, horrifying
‎on- + ‎mens (“human being”) → ‎onmens (“brute, barbarian”)

‎on- + ‎dier (“animal”) → ‎ondier (“monster”)

‎on- + ‎ding (“thing”) → ‎onding (“something unacceptable, absurd”)

‎on- + ‎kruid (“herb”) → ‎onkruid (“weed”)

‎on- + ‎weer (“weather”) → ‎onweer (“storm, severe weather”)

Derived terms

Dutch terms prefixed with on-

onaantrekkelijk

onafhankelijkheid

onafscheidelijk

onbeschrijfelijk

onbevooroordeeld

onbruikbaarheid

ondoordringbaar

ondoorgrondelijk

onfalsifieerbaarheid

ongecontroleerd

ongeloofwaardig

ongeorganiseerd

Descendants

Afrikaans: on-
Petjo: on

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch on, from Old Dutch *āna, from Proto-Germanic *ēnu (“without”), from Proto-Indo-European *anew, *enew (“without”).

Prefix

on-

on, without

Derived terms

Dutch terms prefixed with on-

onaantrekkelijk

onafhankelijkheid

onafscheidelijk

onbeschrijfelijk

onbevooroordeeld

onbruikbaarheid

ondoordringbaar

ondoorgrondelijk

onfalsifieerbaarheid

ongecontroleerd

ongeloofwaardig

ongeorganiseerd

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Japanese

Romanization

on-

Rōmaji transcription of おん

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /on/

Prefix

on-

un-, in-

Derived terms

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch un-, from Proto-Germanic *un-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.

Prefix

on-

un-, in-

Derived terms

Middle Dutch terms prefixed with on-

Descendants

Dutch: on-
- Afrikaans: on-
Limburgish: ón-

Old English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /on/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *an-, *ana-, from Proto-Germanic *an, *ana (“on”).

Alternative forms

an-

Prefix

on-

forming verbs and adjectives from participles and nouns, with various senses of on, upon, to, there, thither
onhlinian ― to lean on

ondōn ― to don, put on clothes
(inchoative) in, into; prefix used to intensify an action or to denote origin or initiation
onlīehtan ― to enlighten

onstellan, onstiellan ― to establish, institute, install, originate

Usage notes

This is a verbal prefix, and is always unstressed.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From unstressed form of and- (“and-”).

Prefix

on-

denoting reverse action
onbindan ― to untie, unbind

onfealdan ― to unfold
off, away
onberan ― to carry off

Usage notes

This is a verbal prefix, and is always unstressed.

Derived terms

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Ye'kwana

More information ALIV, Brazilian standard ...

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [oŋ-]

Prefix

on-

allomorph of ön- (negative/sociative irrealis prefix) used for stems that have a first vowel o or u.

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