para

See also: Appendix:Variations of "para"

Languages (47)

English

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Page categories

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

para

Wikipedia

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian pàra/па̀ра, from Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: päʹrə, IPA^(key): /ˈpɑːɹə/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• (US) enPR: pärʹə, IPA^(key): /ˈpɑːɹə/
• Rhymes: -ɑːɹə

Noun

para (plural paras)

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Para (currency)

Wikipedia

1. (historical) A former subunit of currency in several countries in the Ottoman/Turkish and Yugoslav regions.
   • 1854, Bayard Taylor, A Journey to Central Africa; or, Life and Landscapes from Egypt...:

     She managed things with so much economy that she was enabled to save two paras every day, out of the piastre which he gave her.

Translations

currency

Armenian: փարա (hy) (pʻara) Hungarian: para (hu) Persian: پاره (fa) (pâre)

Etymology 2

The second part of words such as primipara and multipara

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpæɹə/, /ˈpɑːɹə/

Noun

para (plural paras)

1. (medicine) A woman who has given birth or brought pregnancies to viable gestational age a certain number of times, indicated by the number prepended to this word.

Related terms

• multipara
• nullipara
• primipara

See also

• gravida

Etymology 3

Clippings.

Pronunciation

• enPR: păʹrə, IPA^(key): /ˈpæɹə/
• Rhymes: -æɹə

Noun

para (plural paras)

1. Clipping of paragraph.
2. (military) Clipping of paratrooper.
   • 2023 September 26, Dan Sabbagh, “Family of dead para launch legal challenge to Northern Ireland legacy legislation”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:

     Family of dead para launch legal challenge to Northern Ireland legacy legislation [title]

3. (US, education, informal) Clipping of paraprofessional educator.
4. Clipping of paraplegic.
   • 2010, Shelley Lynn Tremain, editor, Foucault and the Government of Disability:

     The problems that male paras encounter in relation to bladder management pale in significance when placed alongside the problems with bladder management that female paraplegics experience. For women paras, attempts are made to train the bladder to empty itself at regular intervals; however, accidents do happen.

Etymology 4

Shortened from paralytic

Pronunciation

• enPR: păʹrə, IPA^(key): /ˈpæɹə/

• Audio (General Australian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æɹə

Adjective

para (comparative more para, superlative most para)

1. (UK, Australia, slang) very drunk

Synonyms

• See Thesaurus:drunk

Etymology 5

Noun

para

1. (New Zealand) Synonym of king fern (“the plant Ptisana salicina”).

See also

• para grass
• para para
• para red

Etymology 6

Borrowed from Urdu پاره (pāra), from Persian پاره (pâre).

Noun

para (plural paras)

1. (Islam, South Asia) Synonym of juz.

Anagrams

• paar, Raap, ARPA, apar, ARAP, Rapa, AARP, Paar, APAR

Albanian

Etymology 1

Back formation from përpara, from Proto-Albanian *pər-parə-a, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥H-e/o-s (“before, in front”)

Preposition

para (+ ablative)

1. before

   para afatit

   before the deadline

2. ago

   para dy shekujsh

   two centuries ago

3. (physical position) in front of

   para një pasqyre

   in front of a mirror

4. (presence) in front of, in the presence of

   para klasës

   in front of the class

Related terms

• përpara

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).

Noun

para f (plural para, definite paraja, definite plural paratë)

1. money

'Are'are

Noun

para

1. fishhook

Verb

para

1. be white

References

• Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

Asturian

Verb

para

1. third-person singular present indicative of parar
2. second-person singular imperative of parar

Bikol Central

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish parar (“to stop”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾa/ [ˈpa.ɾa]
• Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Interjection

pára (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)

1. stop! (used as a command to stop a vehicle)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish para (“for”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾa/ [ˈpa.ɾa]
• Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Preposition

pára (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)

1. for

   Para sain ini?

   What's this for?

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾaʔ/ [ˈpa.ɾaʔ]
• Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Preposition

parà (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)

1. because of

   Para kaiyan?

   Because of that?

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾaʔ/ [ˈpa.ɾaʔ]
• Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Noun

parà (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)

1. erasure

Derived terms

• magpara
• makapara
• mapara
• pamara
• paraon

Catalan

Verb

para

1. inflection of parar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Cebuano

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaɾa/ [ˈpa.ɾ̪ɐ]
• Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Etymology 1

From Spanish parar (“to stop”).

Verb

para (Badlit spelling ᜉᜇ)

1. to flag down; to signal to, especially to stop a passing vehicle etc.
2. to signal a driver to stop in order for one to alight a vehicle

Etymology 2

From Spanish para (“for”). Displaced alang in most contexts.

Preposition

para (Badlit spelling ᜉᜇ)

1. for

   Synonym: (formal) alang

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

Alternative scripts

Arabic	[Term?]
Cyrillic	para
Latin	[Term?]

From Persian پاره (pâre).

Noun

para

1. cash, money

Declension

Declension of para

nominative	para
genitive	paranıñ
dative	parağa
accusative	paranı
locative	parada
ablative	paradan

Synonyms

• aqça

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English para (paratrooper).

Noun

para f or m (plural para's)

1. para (paratrooper)

Synonyms

• paratroeper
• paracommando

Etymology 2

Clipping of paranoïde

Adjective

para (comparative paraer, superlative para'st)

1. (informal) synonym of paranoïde

Esperanto

Etymology

From paro (“pair”) +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpara/
• Rhymes: -ara
• Hyphenation: par‧a

Adjective

para (accusative singular paran, plural paraj, accusative plural parajn)

1. even (not odd)
2. paired

Finnish

Etymology

Probably borrowed from North Germanic, from the same origin as Swedish bära (“to carry, bear”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝rɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑrɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pa‧ra
• Hyphenation^(key): pa‧ra

Noun

para

1. (witchcraft) A being created to bring milk or butter to its creator.

Declension

Inflection of para (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		para	parat
genitive		paran	parojen
partitive		paraa	paroja
illative		paraan	paroihin
		singular	plural
nominative		para	parat
accusative	nom.	para	parat
	gen.	paran
genitive		paran	parojen parain rare
partitive		paraa	paroja
inessive		parassa	paroissa
elative		parasta	paroista
illative		paraan	paroihin
adessive		paralla	paroilla
ablative		paralta	paroilta
allative		paralle	paroille
essive		parana	paroina
translative		paraksi	paroiksi
abessive		paratta	paroitta
instructive		—	paroin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of para (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative parani parani accusative nom. parani parani gen. parani genitive parani parojeni paraini rare partitive paraani parojani inessive parassani paroissani elative parastani paroistani illative paraani paroihini adessive parallani paroillani ablative paraltani paroiltani allative paralleni paroilleni essive paranani paroinani translative parakseni paroikseni abessive parattani paroittani instructive — — comitative — paroineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative parasi parasi accusative nom. parasi parasi gen. parasi genitive parasi parojesi paraisi rare partitive paraasi parojasi inessive parassasi paroissasi elative parastasi paroistasi illative paraasi paroihisi adessive parallasi paroillasi ablative paraltasi paroiltasi allative parallesi paroillesi essive paranasi paroinasi translative paraksesi paroiksesi abessive parattasi paroittasi instructive — — comitative — paroinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative paramme paramme accusative nom. paramme paramme gen. paramme genitive paramme parojemme paraimme rare partitive paraamme parojamme inessive parassamme paroissamme elative parastamme paroistamme illative paraamme paroihimme adessive parallamme paroillamme ablative paraltamme paroiltamme allative parallemme paroillemme essive paranamme paroinamme translative paraksemme paroiksemme abessive parattamme paroittamme instructive — — comitative — paroinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative paranne paranne accusative nom. paranne paranne gen. paranne genitive paranne parojenne parainne rare partitive paraanne parojanne inessive parassanne paroissanne elative parastanne paroistanne illative paraanne paroihinne adessive parallanne paroillanne ablative paraltanne paroiltanne allative parallenne paroillenne essive parananne paroinanne translative paraksenne paroiksenne abessive parattanne paroittanne instructive — — comitative — paroinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative paransa paransa accusative nom. paransa paransa gen. paransa genitive paransa parojensa parainsa rare partitive paraansa parojaan parojansa inessive parassaan parassansa paroissaan paroissansa elative parastaan parastansa paroistaan paroistansa illative paraansa paroihinsa adessive parallaan parallansa paroillaan paroillansa ablative paraltaan paraltansa paroiltaan paroiltansa allative paralleen parallensa paroilleen paroillensa essive paranaan paranansa paroinaan paroinansa translative parakseen paraksensa paroikseen paroiksensa abessive parattaan parattansa paroittaan paroittansa instructive — — comitative — paroineen paroinensa

Derived terms

compounds

• paranvoi

Further reading

• “para”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

Anagrams

• arpa, rapa

French

Pronunciation

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Verb

para

1. third-person singular past historic of parer

Noun

para m or f (plural paras)

1. paratrooper

References

• “para”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• râpa

Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese pera, para, from Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

Alternative forms

• pra

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pɐɾɐ], [pɾɐ]
• Rhymes: -aɾɐ, -aɾa
• Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Preposition

para

1. for (directed at, intended to belong to)
2. for (to obtain)
3. to, toward (indicating destination)
4. for (by the standards of)
5. (after a form of estar) about to

Usage notes

In spoken language this preposition frequently contracts with the next word, especially with articles and pronouns, but today these contraction are not usually represented in the written language.

• Para + definite article contractions are colloquial.
  • para + o → pro
  • para + os → pros
  • para + a → pra
  • para + as → pras

Derived terms

• pró

Etymology 2

Deverbal from parar (“to prepare”). Cognate with Portuguese apara.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpaɾɐ]

Noun

para f (plural paras)

1. peeling (of a fruit, vegetable, cheese)

   Synonyms: carapa, carapela, casca, monda, paraza, pela, peladura, peleca, plana, tona

2. shaving, woodshaving

   Synonyms: labra, lasca

Related terms

• parar
• reparar

Etymology 3

Verb

para

1. inflection of parar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative
2. (reintegrationist norm) inflection of parir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022), “para”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018), “para”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “para”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “para”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “para”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Gamo

Noun

para

1. horse

References

• Corinna Handschuh, A typology of marked-S languages

Guaraní

Guaraní Wikipedia has an article on:

para

Wikipedia ^gn

Etymology

Cognate with Old Tupi pará.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [paˈɾa]
• Rhymes: -a
• Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Noun

para

1. sea

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpɒrɒ]
• Hyphenation: pa‧ra
• Rhymes: -rɒ

Etymology 1

Of uncertain origin.

Noun

para (usually uncountable, plural parák)

2. suber, cork

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	para	parák
accusative	parát	parákat
dative	parának	paráknak
instrumental	parával	parákkal
causal-final	paráért	parákért
translative	parává	parákká
terminative	paráig	parákig
essive-formal	paraként	parákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	parában	parákban
superessive	parán	parákon
adessive	paránál	paráknál
illative	parába	parákba
sublative	parára	parákra
allative	parához	parákhoz
elative	parából	parákból
delative	paráról	parákról
ablative	parától	paráktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	paráé	paráké
non-attributive possessive – plural	paráéi	parákéi

Possessive forms of para

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	parám	paráim
2nd person sing.	parád	paráid
3rd person sing.	parája	parái
1st person plural	paránk	paráink
2nd person plural	parátok	paráitok
3rd person plural	parájuk	paráik

Derived terms

• parás

Compound words

• parafa
• paratölgy

Etymology 2

Perhaps from paranoia.

Noun

para

2. (slang) fear

   Synonyms: félelem, rettegés

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	para	parák
accusative	parát	parákat
dative	parának	paráknak
instrumental	parával	parákkal
causal-final	paráért	parákért
translative	parává	parákká
terminative	paráig	parákig
essive-formal	paraként	parákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	parában	parákban
superessive	parán	parákon
adessive	paránál	paráknál
illative	parába	parákba
sublative	parára	parákra
allative	parához	parákhoz
elative	parából	parákból
delative	paráról	parákról
ablative	parától	paráktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	paráé	paráké
non-attributive possessive – plural	paráéi	parákéi

Possessive forms of para

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	parám	paráim
2nd person sing.	parád	paráid
3rd person sing.	parája	parái
1st person plural	paránk	paráink
2nd person plural	parátok	paráitok
3rd person plural	parájuk	paráik

Derived terms

• parázik

Adjective

para (comparative parább, superlative legparább)

1. (slang) scary, spooky, sinister, dark

   Synonyms: félelmetes, rémisztő, ijesztő, baljós

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	para	parák
accusative	parát	parákat
dative	parának	paráknak
instrumental	parával	parákkal
causal-final	paráért	parákért
translative	parává	parákká
terminative	paráig	parákig
essive-formal	paraként	parákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	parában	parákban
superessive	parán	parákon
adessive	paránál	paráknál
illative	parába	parákba
sublative	parára	parákra
allative	parához	parákhoz
elative	parából	parákból
delative	paráról	parákról
ablative	parától	paráktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	paráé	paráké
non-attributive possessive – plural	paráéi	parákéi

Etymology 3

From paraméter.

Noun

para

2. (slang) (physical) parameter (height, weight, and age, often asked at the beginning of online dating)

   Synonym: paraméter

   Mik a paráid? ― What are your parameters?

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	para	parák
accusative	parát	parákat
dative	parának	paráknak
instrumental	parával	parákkal
causal-final	paráért	parákért
translative	parává	parákká
terminative	paráig	parákig
essive-formal	paraként	parákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	parában	parákban
superessive	parán	parákon
adessive	paránál	paráknál
illative	parába	parákba
sublative	parára	parákra
allative	parához	parákhoz
elative	parából	parákból
delative	paráról	parákról
ablative	parától	paráktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	paráé	paráké
non-attributive possessive – plural	paráéi	parákéi

Possessive forms of para

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	parám	paráim
2nd person sing.	parád	paráid
3rd person sing.	parája	parái
1st person plural	paránk	paráink
2nd person plural	parátok	paráitok
3rd person plural	parájuk	paráik

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (para, “money”), from Persian پاره (pâre, “piece”).

Noun

para (plural parák)

2. para (a subunit of Ottoman currency)

Derived terms

• parányi

Further reading

• parafa and paratölgy in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Ido

Adjective

para

1. (mathematics) even

Antonyms

• nepara

Ilocano

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish para (“for”).

Preposition

para (Kur-itan spelling ᜉᜎ)

1. for; on behalf of

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish para (“stop”) (second person singular imperative), from parar (“stop”).

Interjection

para (Kur-itan spelling ᜉᜎ)

1. Said by any jeepney passenger to call onto the driver to halt the vehicle, with the intention of dismounting.

Derived terms

• agpara
• ipara

Etymology 3

Noun

para (Kur-itan spelling ᜉᜎ)

1. sprouting coconut

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈpara/ [ˈpa.ra]
• Rhymes: -ara
• Syllabification: pa‧ra
• Homophone: para-

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay ڤارا (para), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paRa (collective particle). Compare Acehnese para (“horde, troop”).

Particle

para

1. definitive particle used to denote that the word preceded is plural

   para siswa ― students

Usage notes

• This particle is only used in human nouns. Plural forms of other nouns are formed by reduplication.

See also

• itu

Etymology 2

Inherited from Malay ڤارا (para, “rubber; shelf”), from Proto-Austronesian *paRa (“storage shelf; attic, loft”). Compare Tagalog pága (“storage loft made of bamboo attached to ceiling”).

Noun

para (plural para-para)

1. rubber

   Synonym: karet

2. alternative spelling of para-para (“shelf”)

Etymology 3

Noun

para (plural para-para)

1. apocopic form of parasut
2. paratrooper, military parachutist

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Sundanese [Term?]

Noun

para (plural para-para)

1. (architecture, dialect) the space between the ceiling and the roof of a house

Etymology 5

Borrowed from Mentawai [Term?]

Noun

para (plural para-para)

1. (dialect) upper arm

   Synonym: lengan atas

Etymology 5

Borrowed from Lawangan [Term?] (Paser)

Noun

para (plural para-para)

1. (cooking, dialect) edible half rotten (melted) egg.

Etymology 6

Borrowed from Bima [Term?]

Noun

para (plural para-para)

1. (pathology, dialect) skin disease on the body in the form of white spots that collect at one point and cause fever

Further reading

• “para” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Ingrian

Etymology

Akin to Finnish para and Karelian para.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑrɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑrɑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑrɑ
• Hyphenation: pa‧ra

Noun

para

1. (folklore) troll cat (being designed to bring milk to its creator)

Declension

Declension of para (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	para	parat
genitive	paran	parroin
partitive	parraa	paroja
illative	parraa	parroi
inessive	paras	parois
elative	parast	paroist
allative	paralle	paroille
adessive	paral	paroil
ablative	paralt	paroilt
translative	paraks	paroiks
essive	paranna, parraan	paroinna, parroin
exessive1)	parant	paroint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 383