standan

See also: stand an

Gothic

Romanization

standan

1. romanization of 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽

Old English

Alternative forms

• stondan

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *standan, from Proto-Germanic *standaną, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.

Cognate with Old Frisian stonda, Old Saxon standan, Old High German stantan, Old Norse standa, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (standan). The Germanic source is cognate with Latin stare and Ancient Greek ἵστημι (hístēmi).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɑn.dɑn/

Verb

standan

1. to stand

   Sēo burg stōd bī þǣre sǣ.

   The town stood by the sea.

   • 10th century, The Wanderer:

     Onġietan sċeal glēaw hæle · hū gǣstlīċ bið,
     þonne ealle þisse worulde wela · wēste stondeð;

     A wise man must understand how spiritual it is
     when all wealth of this world stands empty;

2. to be positioned, located
   • late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans

     Sē westsūþende Europe landġemirce is in Ispania westeweardum et ðǣm garseċġe, and mǣst æt þǣm iġlande, þætte Gaðes hātte, þǣr scīet sē Wendelsǣ up of þǣm garseċġe; þǣr ēac Ercoles sȳla standað.

     The southwestern limit of Europe is in Hispania at the western ocean, and the westernmost part is at the island known as Gades, where the Mediterranean flows into the ocean and where the Pillars of Hercules stand.

   • Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church

     Eft hē ontende sum hǣðen templ: þā ġewende sē līġ, ðurh þǣs windes blǣd, tō sumes mannes hūse, ðe þǣr ġehende stōd; ac Martinus āstāh on ðām stiċelan hrōfe, and sette hine sylfne onġēan ðām sweġendum līġe, and hē sōna ðrēow ðwyres wið þǣs windes

     Afterwards he set fire to a heathen temple; then through the blowing of the wind, the fire turned to a man's house that stood nearby; but Martinus climbed on the steep roof and set himself against the roaring fire, and he immediately turned it the opposite direction of the wind

Conjugation

Conjugation of standan (strong, class VI)

infinitive	standan	standenne
indicative mood	present tense	past tense
first person singular	stande	stōd
second person singular	stenst, stentst	stōde
third person singular	stent	stōd
plural	standaþ	stōdon
subjunctive	present tense	past tense
singular	stande	stōde
plural	standen	stōden
imperative
singular	stand
plural	standaþ
participle	present	past
	standende	(ġe)standen

Derived terms

• ætstandan
• āgenstandan
• āstandan
• bestandan
• forestandan
• forstandan
• ġestandan
• oferstandan
• ofstandan
• ōþstandan
• understandan
• wiþstandan
• ymbstandan

Descendants

• Middle English: stonden, stande, standen, stonde
  • English: stand
    • → Ido: standar
    • → Norman: stanner, sténer
    • Sranan Tongo: tan
  • Middle Scots: stand
    • Scots: staund, staand, stan, stand, staun, stawn
  • Yola: sthoane, sthone, sthoan, stoane

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *standan, from Proto-Germanic *standaną.

Verb

standan

1. to stand

   Synonym: stān

Conjugation

Conjugation of standan (strong class 6)

infinitive	standan
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	standu	stōd
2nd person singular	stendis	stōdi
3rd person singular	stendid	stōd
plural	standad	stōdun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	stande	stōdi
2nd person singular	standes	stōdis
3rd person singular	stande	stōdi
plural	standen	stōdin
imperative	present
singular	stand
plural	standad
participle	present	past
	standandi	gistandan, standan

Derived terms

• afstandan
• andstandan
• anstandan
• astandan
• *bistandan
• farstandan
• gistandan
• uppstandan
• witharstandan

Descendants

• Middle Low German: standen, *stenden (attested in imperative stant)
  • ⇒ Middle Low German: *bîstanden, bîstenden
  • ⇒ Middle Low German: entweistanden
  • ⇒ Middle Low German: standinge
  • ⇒ Middle Low German: ümmestanden
  • ⇒ Middle Low German: understanden
  • ⇒ Middle Low German: upstanden
  • ⇒ Middle Low German: vörstenden
  • ⇒ Middle Low German: wedderstanden