tom

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tom"

Languages (27)

Translingual • English

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Tombulu.

Symbol

tom

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Tombulu.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Tombulu terms

English

Pronunciation

• (British) IPA^(key): /tɒm/
• (US) IPA^(key): /tɑm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɒm

Etymology 1

From generic use of the proper name Tom.

Noun

tom (plural toms)

1. The male of the domesticated cat, especially if not neutered.
2. The male of the turkey.
3. The male of the orangutan.
4. The male of certain other animals.
5. (UK, slang, dated) A female prostitute.
6. (US, slang) A lesbian.
7. (music) Clipping of tom-tom.
8. (obsolete) The jack of trumps in the card game gleek.
9. (UK, regional, obsolete) A close-stool.

Synonyms

• (male cat): tomcat, he-cat
• (male turkey): turkeycock
• (male of other animals): male, buck, stag
• (prostitute): See also Thesaurus:prostitute

Coordinate terms

(intact male cat):

• gib
• queen

Derived terms

• tomboy
• tomcat
• tomfool
• tom-kitten
• tomling
• tomtit
• tom-tit

Translations

male cat

Arabic: قِطّ (ar) m (qiṭṭ) Gulf Arabic: قطو m (gaṭu), عتوي m (ʕitwi) Assamese: বোন্দা (bünda) Asturian: gatu (ast) Belarusian: кот (be) m (kot) Breton: targazh (br) m Bulgarian: котара́к m (kotarák) Burmese: ကြောင်ထီး (my) (kraunghti:) Catalan: gat (ca) m (male or generic) Chinese: Mandarin: 郎貓 / 郎猫 (zh) (lángmāo) Crimean Tatar: pardoş Czech: kocour (cs) m Danish: hankat (da) c Dutch: kater (nl) m, mannetjeskat m Esperanto: virkato (eo) (idiomatic), katiĉo (eo) (neologism) Fijian: pusi (fj) Finnish: kolli (fi), uroskissa (fi) French: matou (fr) m, chat (fr) m German: Kater (de) m, Katzenmännchen n, männliche Katze f, Kätzerich m (mostly humorous, rare) Greek: γάτος (el) m (gátos), κεραμιδόγατος (el) m (keramidógatos), αλητόγατος m (alitógatos) Hausa: mùzūrū m Hindi: बिल्ला (hi) m (billā) Hungarian: kandúr (hu) Icelandic: högni m Ido: katulo (io) Ingrian: kullikasi Interlingua: catto Irish: fearchat m Italian: gatto (it) m Jamaican Creole: ram puss, man puss Japanese: 雄猫 (ja) (おすねこ, osuneko, おねこ, oneko) Kashmiri: برٛور (brōr), بیٛور (byōr) Khmer: សត្វឆ្មាបា (sat cmaa baa), ឆ្មាបា (cmaa baa) Korean: 수고양이 (ko) (sugoyang'i) Lao: ແມວຜູ້ (mǣu phū) Latvian: runcis (lv) m Macedonian: мачор m (mačor) Malay: kucing jantan Malayalam: കണ്ടൻപൂച്ച (ml) (kaṇṭaṉpūcca) Maori: tame Navajo: mósíkąʼ, gídíkąʼ Norwegian: Bokmål: hannkatt m Nynorsk: hannkatt m, fross m Polish: kocur (pl) m, kot (pl) m Portuguese: gato (pt) m Romanian: cotoi (ro) m, motan (ro) m Russian: кот (ru) m (kot) Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: мачор m, мачак m Roman: mačor (sh) m, mačak (sh) m Sindhi: ٽامڪ (ṭāmk) Slovak: kocúr (sk) m Sorbian: Lower Sorbian: kócor m Upper Sorbian: kocor m Spanish: gato (es) m Swedish: hankatt (sv) c Tatar: ата мәче (ata mäçe) Telugu: పోతుపిల్లి (pōtupilli) Turkish: kotak Ukrainian: кіт (uk) m (kit) Urdu: بلّا m (billā) Volapük: hikat (vo) Walloon: marou (wa) m, marcåd (wa) m Welsh: gwrcath m (South), cath wryw f (North) West Frisian: boarre c Yiddish: קאָטער m (koter)

male turkey — see turkey-cock

male of other animals

Bulgarian: самец (bg) m (samec) Catalan: mascle (ca) m Danish: han (da) c Dutch: mannetje (nl) n Finnish: koiras (fi) French: mâle (fr) m German: Männchen (de) n Italian: maschio (it) m Latvian: tēviņš m Portuguese: macho (pt) m Romanian: mascul (ro) m Russian: саме́ц (ru) m (saméc) Spanish: macho (es) m Swedish: hane (sv) c

prostitute — see prostitute

lesbian — see lesbian

drum type

Bulgarian: please add this translation if you can Finnish: tom (fi), tomi Spanish: tamtan m Swedish: hängpuka c, tom (sv) c

Etymology 2

Shortened from tomato

Noun

tom (plural toms)

1. (British, greengrocers' slang) A tomato (the fruit).

   Toms 90p a pound

   • 2009, Mark Penny, Jonathan Penny, The Golden Pig, page 160:

     “I'd like sausage, eggs, bacon, toms, mushies, beans – oh, and some fried bread,” said Mike.

Etymology 3

Rhyming slang from tomfoolery.

Noun

tom (uncountable)

1. (Cockney rhyming slang) jewellery

Etymology 4

From Uncle Tom.

Verb

tom (third-person singular simple present toms, present participle tomming, simple past and past participle tommed)

1. (intransitive, derogatory, of a black person) To act in an obsequiously servile manner toward white authority.

Etymology 5

Verb

tom (third-person singular simple present toms, present participle tomming, simple past and past participle tommed)

1. (nautical) To dig out a hole below the hatch cover of a bulker and fill it with cargo or weights to aid stability.

See also

terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above

• chao tom
• peeping tom
• plum tom
• tom boy
• tom cat
• tom-cat
• tom kha
• tom kha gai
• tom kha kai
• tom tit
• tom-tom drum
• tom-tom drummer
• tom-tommer
• tom yam
• tom yum
• whip-tom-kelly

Anagrams

• MOT, Mot, OMT, OTM, TMO, mot

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtom]

Pronoun

tom

1. locative masculine/neuter singular of ten

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse tómr, from Proto-Germanic *tōmaz (“empty”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtˢʌmˀ]
• Rhymes: -ɒm

Adjective

tom (neuter tomt, plural and definite singular attributive tomme)

1. empty

Declension

Inflection of tom

	positive	comparative	superlative
indefinite common singular	tom	tommere	tommest2
indefinite neuter singular	tomt	tommere	tommest2
plural	tomme	tommere	tommest2
definite attributive1	tomme	tommere	tommeste

¹ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
² The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Derived terms

• den tomme mængde
• det tomme rum
• et tomt hus
• folketom
• halvtom
• hjernetom
• lufttom
• løbe tom
• mennesketom
• når krybben er tom, bides hestene
• på tom mave
• søndagstom
• tanketom
• tomhed
• tomhjernet
• tomhændet
• tomme kalorier
• tomme ord
• tomme tønder buldrer mest
• tomrum

References

• “tom” in Den Danske Ordbog

Finnish

Etymology

From English tom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtom/, [ˈt̪o̞m]
• Rhymes: -om
• Syllabification^(key): tom
• Hyphenation^(key): tom

Noun

tom

1. (music) tom, tom-tom (percussion instrument)

Declension

Inflection of tom (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		tom	tomit
genitive		tomin	tomien
partitive		tomia	tomeja
illative		tomiin	tomeihin
		singular	plural
nominative		tom	tomit
accusative	nom.	tom	tomit
	gen.	tomin
genitive		tomin	tomien
partitive		tomia	tomeja
inessive		tomissa	tomeissa
elative		tomista	tomeista
illative		tomiin	tomeihin
adessive		tomilla	tomeilla
ablative		tomilta	tomeilta
allative		tomille	tomeille
essive		tomina	tomeina
translative		tomiksi	tomeiksi
abessive		tomitta	tomeitta
instructive		—	tomein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of tom (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tomini tomini accusative nom. tomini tomini gen. tomini genitive tomini tomieni partitive tomiani tomejani inessive tomissani tomeissani elative tomistani tomeistani illative tomiini tomeihini adessive tomillani tomeillani ablative tomiltani tomeiltani allative tomilleni tomeilleni essive tominani tomeinani translative tomikseni tomeikseni abessive tomittani tomeittani instructive — — comitative — tomeineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tomisi tomisi accusative nom. tomisi tomisi gen. tomisi genitive tomisi tomiesi partitive tomiasi tomejasi inessive tomissasi tomeissasi elative tomistasi tomeistasi illative tomiisi tomeihisi adessive tomillasi tomeillasi ablative tomiltasi tomeiltasi allative tomillesi tomeillesi essive tominasi tomeinasi translative tomiksesi tomeiksesi abessive tomittasi tomeittasi instructive — — comitative — tomeinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tomimme tomimme accusative nom. tomimme tomimme gen. tomimme genitive tomimme tomiemme partitive tomiamme tomejamme inessive tomissamme tomeissamme elative tomistamme tomeistamme illative tomiimme tomeihimme adessive tomillamme tomeillamme ablative tomiltamme tomeiltamme allative tomillemme tomeillemme essive tominamme tomeinamme translative tomiksemme tomeiksemme abessive tomittamme tomeittamme instructive — — comitative — tomeinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tominne tominne accusative nom. tominne tominne gen. tominne genitive tominne tomienne partitive tomianne tomejanne inessive tomissanne tomeissanne elative tomistanne tomeistanne illative tomiinne tomeihinne adessive tomillanne tomeillanne ablative tomiltanne tomeiltanne allative tomillenne tomeillenne essive tominanne tomeinanne translative tomiksenne tomeiksenne abessive tomittanne tomeittanne instructive — — comitative — tomeinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative tominsa tominsa accusative nom. tominsa tominsa gen. tominsa genitive tominsa tomiensa partitive tomiaan tomiansa tomejaan tomejansa inessive tomissaan tomissansa tomeissaan tomeissansa elative tomistaan tomistansa tomeistaan tomeistansa illative tomiinsa tomeihinsa adessive tomillaan tomillansa tomeillaan tomeillansa ablative tomiltaan tomiltansa tomeiltaan tomeiltansa allative tomilleen tomillensa tomeilleen tomeillensa essive tominaan tominansa tomeinaan tomeinansa translative tomikseen tomiksensa tomeikseen tomeiksensa abessive tomittaan tomittansa tomeittaan tomeittansa instructive — — comitative — tomeineen tomeinensa

Indonesian

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:

tom

Wikipedia ^id

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈtom/ [ˈt̪om]
• Rhymes: -om
• Syllabification: tom

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dutch toom (“bridle, rein”), from Middle Dutch toom, from Old Dutch *tōm, from Proto-West Germanic *taum, from Proto-Germanic *taumaz. Doublet of tim.

Noun

tom (plural tom-tom)

1. bridle, rein

   Synonym: tali kekang

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Old Javanese tom, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀum. Doublet of tarum.

Noun

tom (plural tom-tom)

1. indigo

   Synonyms: indigo, nila, tarum

Further reading

• “tom”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016