tutear

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tu.teˈa(ʁ)/ [tu.teˈa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tu.teˈa(ʁ)/ [tu.teˈa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /tu.teˈa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /tu.teˈa(ʁ)/ [tu.teˈa(χ)]
  • (Porto Alegre) IPA^(key): /tu.teˈa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuˈtjaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuˈtjaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /tuˈtja.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: tu‧te‧ar

Verb

tutear (first-person singular present tuteio, first-person singular preterite tuteei, past participle tuteado)

1. to address someone informally, using the pronoun tu, to thou

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tutear (e becomes ei when stressed) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tutear
Personal	tutear	tuteares	tutear	tutearmos	tuteardes	tutearem
Gerund
	tuteando
Past participle
Masculine	tuteado			tuteados
Feminine	tuteada			tuteadas
Indicative
Present	tuteio	tuteias	tuteia	tuteamos	tuteais	tuteiam
Imperfect	tuteava	tuteavas	tuteava	tuteávamos	tuteáveis	tuteavam
Preterite	tuteei	tuteaste	tuteou	tuteamos1, tuteámos2	tuteastes	tutearam
Pluperfect	tuteara	tutearas	tuteara	tuteáramos	tuteáreis	tutearam
Future	tutearei	tutearás	tuteará	tutearemos	tuteareis	tutearão
Conditional	tutearia	tutearias	tutearia	tutearíamos	tutearíeis	tuteariam
Subjunctive
Present	tuteie	tuteies	tuteie	tuteemos	tuteeis	tuteiem
Imperfect	tuteasse	tuteasses	tuteasse	tuteássemos	tuteásseis	tuteassem
Future	tutear	tuteares	tutear	tutearmos	tuteardes	tutearem
Imperative
Affirmative		tuteia	tuteie	tuteemos	tuteai	tuteiem
Negative (não)		não tuteies	não tuteie	não tuteemos	não tuteeis	não tuteiem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From tú +‎ -ear, with euphonic -t-. Compare French tutoyer and Romanian tutui.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuteˈaɾ/ [t̪u.t̪eˈaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: tu‧te‧ar

Verb

tutear (first-person singular present tuteo, first-person singular preterite tuteé, past participle tuteado)

1. (transitive) to address someone informally with tú, rather than the formal usted or the informal pronoun vos used in certain countries; to thou
   • 2017 November 25, Jaime Rodríguez, “Vallejo y Varane, los 'chicos formales' [Vallejo and Varane, the "formal boys"]”, in El Mundo‎:

     […] se dio la vuelta para estrechar la mano de su guardaespaldas: «Gracias por acompañarme». El central no gasta tatuajes ni peinados atrevidos. Cursa estudios de INEF en la Universidad de Zaragoza, se acordó de su novia en el discurso de presentación en el Bernabéu y hay que insistirle para que rompa a tutear.

     […] he turned to give his bodyguard a handshake: "Thank you for accompanying me". The central defender doesn't wear tattoos or bold haircuts. He studies Exercise and Sport Sciences at the University of Zaragoza, he remembered [to thank] his girlfriend at his introductory speech at Bernabéu, and you have to insist that he start using tú.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tutear (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			tutear
gerund			tuteando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tuteado		tuteada
		plural		tuteados		tuteadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	tuteo	tuteastú tuteásvos	tutea	tuteamos	tuteáis	tutean
	imperfect	tuteaba	tuteabas	tuteaba	tuteábamos	tuteabais	tuteaban
	preterite	tuteé	tuteaste	tuteó	tuteamos	tuteasteis	tutearon
	future	tutearé	tutearás	tuteará	tutearemos	tutearéis	tutearán
	conditional	tutearía	tutearías	tutearía	tutearíamos	tutearíais	tutearían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	tutee	tuteestú tuteésvos2	tutee	tuteemos	tuteéis	tuteen
	imperfect (ra)	tuteara	tutearas	tuteara	tuteáramos	tutearais	tutearan
	imperfect (se)	tutease	tuteases	tutease	tuteásemos	tuteaseis	tuteasen
	future1	tuteare	tuteares	tuteare	tuteáremos	tuteareis	tutearen
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		tuteatú tuteávos	tutee	tuteemos	tutead	tuteen
	negative		no tutees	no tutee	no tuteemos	no tuteéis	no tuteen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of tutear

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive tutear	dative	tutearme	tutearte	tutearle, tutearse	tutearnos	tutearos	tutearles, tutearse
	accusative	tutearme	tutearte	tutearlo, tutearla, tutearse	tutearnos	tutearos	tutearlos, tutearlas, tutearse
with gerund tuteando	dative	tuteándome	tuteándote	tuteándole, tuteándose	tuteándonos	tuteándoos	tuteándoles, tuteándose
	accusative	tuteándome	tuteándote	tuteándolo, tuteándola, tuteándose	tuteándonos	tuteándoos	tuteándolos, tuteándolas, tuteándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative tutea	dative	tutéame	tutéate	tutéale	tutéanos	not used	tutéales
	accusative	tutéame	tutéate	tutéalo, tutéala	tutéanos	not used	tutéalos, tutéalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative tuteá	dative	tuteame	tuteate	tuteale	tuteanos	not used	tuteales
	accusative	tuteame	tuteate	tutealo, tuteala	tuteanos	not used	tutealos, tutealas
with formal second-person singular imperative tutee	dative	tutéeme	not used	tutéele, tutéese	tutéenos	not used	tutéeles
	accusative	tutéeme	not used	tutéelo, tutéela, tutéese	tutéenos	not used	tutéelos, tutéelas
with first-person plural imperative tuteemos	dative	not used	tuteémoste	tuteémosle	tuteémonos	tuteémoos	tuteémosles
	accusative	not used	tuteémoste	tuteémoslo, tuteémosla	tuteémonos	tuteémoos	tuteémoslos, tuteémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative tutead	dative	tuteadme	not used	tuteadle	tuteadnos	tuteaos	tuteadles
	accusative	tuteadme	not used	tuteadlo, tuteadla	tuteadnos	tuteaos	tuteadlos, tuteadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative tuteen	dative	tutéenme	not used	tutéenle	tutéennos	not used	tutéenles, tutéense
	accusative	tutéenme	not used	tutéenlo, tutéenla	tutéennos	not used	tutéenlos, tutéenlas, tutéense

Derived terms

• tuteo

See also

• vosear
• ustedear

Further reading

• “tutear”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024