Julius Maada Bio

Julius Maada Wonie Bio (an haife shi ranar 12 ga watan Mayu, 1964) ɗan siyasa ne kuma tsohon soja daga ƙasar Saliyo wanda yake shugabancin ƙasar a matsayin shugaban ƙasa na 5 tun daga 4 ga Afrilu, 2018. Tsohon janar ne (Brigadier) a rundunar sojin Saliyo kuma ya shugabanci ƙasar a matsayin shugaban mulkin soja daga 16 ga Janairu, 1996 zuwa 29 ga Maris, 1996 a cikin gwamnatin soji mai suna National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC), yana da shekara 32 kawai a lokacin.

Julius Maada Bio
President of Sierra Leone (en) 4 ga Afirilu, 2018 - ← Ernest Bai Koroma (mul) Chief of the Defence Staff (Sierra Leone) (en) ga Maris, 1995 - ga Janairu, 1996
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Tihun (en) , 12 Mayu 1964 (61 shekaru)
ƙasa	Saliyo
Ƴan uwa
Abokiyar zama	Fatima Maada Bio  (2013 -
Yara	view Agnès Bio (mul)
Karatu
Makaranta	American University (mul) Makarantar Bo University of Bradford (en) 2016) postgraduate diploma (en)
Harsuna	Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	ɗan siyasa da minista
Mahalarcin 閻魔大王幸太 (en)
Digiri	brigadier (en)
Imani
Addini	Katolika
Jam'iyar siyasa	Sierra Leone People's Party (en)

A matsayin shugaban soja, Bio ya mayar da mulki hannun farar hula ta hanyar mika mulki ga Ahmad Tejan Kabbah na jam’iyyar Sierra Leone People’s Party (SLPP), bayan Kabbah ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙasa a shekarar 1996. Bayan ya yi murabus daga aikin soja a shekarar 1996, ya koma Amurka inda aka ba shi mafaka ta siyasa, kuma bai dawo Saliyo daga can ba sai a shekarar 2005.^[1]

Bio ya tsaya takara a matsayin ɗan takarar jam’iyyar SLPP a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2012, amma ya sha kaye a hannun shugaba mai ci Ernest Bai Koroma. Ya sake tsayawa takara a 2018, inda ya doke Samura Kamara na jam’iyyar All People’s Congress (APC) mai mulki.^[1]

A matsayin shugaban ƙasa, Bio ya soke mafi yawan manufofin da Koroma ya shimfiɗa, yana zarginsa da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma almubazzaranci da dukiyar ƙasa. A watan Satumba 2023, an yi yunƙurin juyin mulki amma ya ci tura. Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Koroma an kama shi kuma an tuhume shi da cin amanar ƙasa, bisa zargin hannu a wannan yunƙuri.^[1]

A watan Agusta 2022, gwamnatin Bio ta fuskanci zanga-zangar tashin hankali saboda yadda ake tafiyar da tattalin arzikin ƙasa. Sai dai duk da haka, an sake zaɓensa a shekarar 2023, duk da cewa an samu tashin hankali da kuma ƙarancin gaskiya a ƙirga ƙuri’un da ya jawo damuwa daga masu sa ido na ƙasashen waje. A matsayin shugaban ƙasa, Bio ya kafa shirin ilimi kyauta daga matakin firamare zuwa sakandare, kuma ya soke hukuncin kisa a ƙasar.^[1]

Rayuwa farko da Karatu

Julius Maada Wonie Bio an haife shi a ranar 12 ga Mayu 1964 a garin Tihun, a cikin masarautar Sogbini, gundumar Bonthe a Kudancin Saliyo. An haife shi shekaru uku bayan Saliyo ta samu ’yancin kai, a lokacin Firayim Minista Sir Albert Margai na SLPP. Bio ɗa ne na 33 cikin ’ya’ya 35 da mahaifinsa, Sarkin Sarakunan Sherbro Charlie Bio II ya haifa. Mahaifinsa yana da mata tara. An sanya masa sunan kakansa Julius Maada Wonie Bio wanda shi ma sarkin Sherbro ne a masarautar Sogbini. Bio ɗan kabilar Sherbro ne kuma mabiin addinin Katolika ne.^[2]

Karatu

Ya fara karatun firamare a Roman Catholic Primary School a Tihun, sannan aka tura shi Pujehun ya zauna da ’yar uwarsa Agnes, malamar makaranta. Ya kammala firamare a Holy Family Primary School a Pujehun. Agnes ta saka shi makarantar Bo Government Secondary School (Bo School) a Bo, wadda sananniyar makaranta ce. Ya yi shekaru bakwai a can kuma ya zama shugaban ɗalibai kafin ya kammala da A-level a 1984 yana da shekara 20.^[3]

Aikin Soja

Bayan ya kammala sakandare, Bio ya nemi shiga Fourah Bay College a 1985 yana da shekara 21, amma daga ƙarshe ya shiga makarantar soji ta Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces da ke Benguema. Ya yi horo a matsayin cadet ƙarƙashin Major Fallah Sewa.

Ya kammala makarantar soji a matsayin Second Lieutenant a Oktoba 1987 yana da shekara 23. Aiki na farko da ya samu shine a sansanin soja na Lungi, sannan aka tura shi Kambia don yaki da fasa ƙwauri. Daga baya ya sake dawowa Lungi don koyon aikin tsaro daga Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, kuma daga nan aka tura shi Benguema a matsayin platoon commander.^[4]

A 1990, Saliyo ta aika dakarunta don shiga ECOMOG a Liberiya. Bio da sauran dakarun Saliyo sun halarci wannan aikin zaman lafiya. A lokacin, ’yan gudun hijira daga Liberiya na zuwa Saliyo da yawa, kuma hakan ya shafi tsaron ƙasa da tattalin arziki.^[4]

Bayan shekara ɗaya, gwamnatin Saliyo ta mayar da su gida domin yaki da ’yan tawaye na RUF a yankin da ke iyaka da Liberiya. Su ne suka kafa sabuwar runduna da ta ƙunshi Bio, Valentine Strasser, Solomon Musa da sauransu.^[4]

Juyin Mulkin 1992

A ranar 29 ga Afrilu 1992, Bio da wasu matasa sojoji sun hambarar da gwamnatin Joseph Saidu Momoh na APC. Sun kafa National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC) kuma Valentine Strasser ya zama shugaban ƙasa.^[4]

Bio ya fara aiki a matsayin Secretary of State South a Bo, daga baya kuma aka maida shi Freetown a matsayin Secretary of State for Information and Broadcasting. An daga matsayin sa zuwa Captain. Daga nan, ya zama mataimakin shugaban NPRC bayan an kore S.A.J. Musa daga mukami.^[4]

Juyin Mulki 1996

A 16 ga Janairu 1996, Bio ya jagoranci wani juyin mulki ya kifar da Strasser saboda rashin jituwa kan batun zaɓe da yaki da RUF. Bio ya samu goyon bayan manyan sojojin NPRC kamar Tom Nyuma, Komba Mondeh da sauransu. Strasser ya tsinci kansa a hannu sojojinsa da suka kamo shi da bindiga suka tura shi Conakry, Guinea a jirgin soji.

Murabus

Bayan ya yi murabus daga soja, Bio ya koma Amurka, inda ya karanta International Affairs a American University da ke Washington DC, inda ya sami digiri na biyu. A 2001, ya sayi gida kusa da birnin Washington.^[1]

Kamfani

Ya kuma kafa kamfanin International Systems Science Corporation, kamfani mai kula da zuba jari da bayar da shawarwari a Amurka.^[1]