Mumbai

Mumbai (English: /mʊmˈbaɪ/ (listen), Marathi: [ˈmumbəi]; also known as Bombay /bɒmˈbeɪ/— the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. Mumbai is the de facto financial centre and the most populous city of India with an estimated city proper population of 12.5 million (1.25 crore).[18] Mumbai is the centre of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, the sixth most populous metropolitan area in the world with a population of over 23 million (2.3 crore) living under the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation.[19] Mumbai lies on the Konkan coast on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2008, Mumbai was named an alpha world city.[20][21]

Quick facts: Mumbai Bombay, Country, State, Division, ... ▼

Mumbai Bombay
Megacity
Lower Parel skyline Gateway of India Taj Mahal Palace Hotel Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus Indiabulls Sky Blu Towers Ganesh Visarjan at Girgaon Chowpatty Siddhivinayak Temple Bandra–Worli Sea Link
Coat of arms
Nickname(s):  The City That Never Sleeps, City of Dreams, City of Seven Islands,[1] Hollywood of India,[2] Gateway of India, Maximum City[3]
Interactive Map Outlining Mumbai
Mumbai Location in Mumbai Show map of Mumbai Mumbai Location in Maharashtra Show map of Maharashtra Mumbai Location in India Show map of India
Coordinates: 19°04′34″N 72°52′39″E
Country	India
State	Maharashtra
Division	Konkan
District	Mumbai City Mumbai Suburban
First settled	1507[4]
Named for	Mumbadevi
Government
• Type	Municipal Corporation
• Body	Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation
• Mayor	Vacant[5][6]
• Administrator	I. S. Chahal, IAS[7]
Area
• Megacity	603.4 km2 (233.0 sq mi)
• Metro [8]	4,355 km2 (1,681.5 sq mi)
Elevation	14 m (46 ft)
Population  (2011)[9]
• Megacity	12,478,447
• Rank	1st
• Density	21,000/km2 (54,000/sq mi)
• Metro [10]	18,414,288 20,748,395 (Extended UA)
Demonym(s)	Mumbaikar, Bombayite, Mumbaiite[11]
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PINs	400 001 to 400 107
Area code	+91-22
Vehicle registration	MH-01 Mumbai(S/C) MH-02 Mumbai(W) MH-03 Mumbai(E) MH-47 Borivali[12]
GDP (PPP)	$606.625 billion[13][14]
HDI	0.841[15] – very high
International airport	Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport
Rapid Transit	Mumbai Metro and Mumbai Monorail
Official language	Marathi[16][17]
Website	mumbaicity.gov.in
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Official name	Elephanta Caves, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, and The Victorian and Art Deco Ensemble of Mumbai
Type	Cultural
Criteria	i, ii, iii, iv
Designated	1987, 2004, 2018 (11th, 28th 42nd sessions)
Reference no.	;
Region	Southern Asia

The seven islands that constitute Mumbai were earlier home to communities of Marathi language-speaking Koli people.[22][23][24] For centuries, the seven islands of Bombay were under the control of successive indigenous rulers before being ceded to the Portuguese Empire, and subsequently to the East India Company in 1661, through the dowry of Catherine Braganza when she was married off to Charles II of England.[25] During the mid-18th century, Mumbai was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project,[26] which undertook reclamation of the area between the seven islands from the sea.[27] Along with construction of major roads and railways, the reclamation project, completed in 1845, transformed Mumbai into a major seaport on the Arabian Sea. Mumbai in the 19th century was characterised by economic and educational development. During the early 20th century it became a strong base for the Indian independence movement. Upon India's independence in 1947 the city was incorporated into Bombay State. In 1960, following the Samyukta Maharashtra Movement, a new state of Maharashtra was created with Mumbai as the capital.[28]

Mumbai is the financial, commercial,[29] and the entertainment capital of India. It is also one of the world's top ten centres of commerce in terms of global financial flow,[30] generating 6.16% of India's GDP,[31] and accounting for 25% of industrial output, 70% of maritime trade in India (Mumbai Port Trust, Dharamtar Port and JNPT),[32] and 70% of capital transactions to India's economy.[33][34] The city houses important financial institutions and the corporate headquarters of numerous Indian companies and multinational corporations. It is also home to some of India's premier scientific and nuclear institutes. The city is also home to Bollywood and Marathi cinema industries. Mumbai's business opportunities attract migrants from all over India.