List of ISO 639-1 codes

ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify languages. Each language is assigned a two-letter (639-1) and three-letter (639-2 and 639-3) lowercase abbreviation, amended in later versions of the nomenclature.

This table lists all of:

ISO 639-1: two-letter codes, one per language for ISO 639 macrolanguage

And some of:

ISO 639-2/T: three-letter codes, for the same languages as 639-1
ISO 639-2/B: three-letter codes, mostly the same as 639-2/T, but with some codes derived from English names rather than native names of languages (in the following table, these differing codes are highlighted in boldface)
ISO 639-3: three-letter codes, the same as 639-2/T for languages, but with distinct codes for each variety of an ISO 639 macrolanguage

Table info: ISO language name, 639-1, 639-2/T, 639-2/B, 6... ▼

ISO language name	639-1	639-2/T	639-2/B	639-3	Notes
Abkhazian	`ab`	`abk`	`abk`	`abk`	also known as Abkhaz
Afar	`aa`	`aar`	`aar`	`aar`
Afrikaans	`af`	`afr`	`afr`	`afr`
Akan	`ak`	`aka`	`aka`	`aka` + 2	macrolanguage, Twi is `tw`/`twi`, Fanti is `fat`
Albanian	`sq`	`sqi`	`alb`	`sqi` + 4	macrolanguage, called "Albanian Phylozone" in 639-6
Amharic	`am`	`amh`	`amh`	`amh`
Arabic	`ar`	`ara`	`ara`	`ara` + 29	macrolanguage, Standard Arabic is `arb`
Aragonese	`an`	`arg`	`arg`	`arg`
Armenian	`hy`	`hye`	`arm`	`hye`	ISO 639-3 code `hye` is for Eastern Armenian, `hyw` is for Western Armenian, and `xcl` is for Classical Armenian
Assamese	`as`	`asm`	`asm`	`asm`
Avaric	`av`	`ava`	`ava`	`ava`	also known as Avar
Avestan	`ae`	`ave`	`ave`	`ave`	ancient
Aymara	`ay`	`aym`	`aym`	`aym` + 2	macrolanguage
Azerbaijani	`az`	`aze`	`aze`	`aze` + 2	macrolanguage, also known as Azeri
Bambara	`bm`	`bam`	`bam`	`bam`
Bashkir	`ba`	`bak`	`bak`	`bak`
Basque	`eu`	`eus`	`baq`	`eus`
Belarusian	`be`	`bel`	`bel`	`bel`
Bengali	`bn`	`ben`	`ben`	`ben`	also known as Bangla
Bislama	`bi`	`bis`	`bis`	`bis`	Language formed from English and Vanuatuan languages, with some French influence.
Bosnian	`bs`	`bos`	`bos`	`bos`
Breton	`br`	`bre`	`bre`	`bre`
Bulgarian	`bg`	`bul`	`bul`	`bul`
Burmese	`my`	`mya`	`bur`	`mya`	also known as Myanmar
Catalan, Valencian	`ca`	`cat`	`cat`	`cat`
Chamorro	`ch`	`cha`	`cha`	`cha`
Chechen	`ce`	`che`	`che`	`che`
Chichewa, Chewa, Nyanja	`ny`	`nya`	`nya`	`nya`
Chinese	`zh`	`zho`	`chi`	`zho` + 16	macrolanguage
Church Slavonic, Old Slavonic, Old Church Slavonic	`cu`	`chu`	`chu`	`chu`	ancient, in use by the Eastern Orthodox Church
Chuvash	`cv`	`chv`	`chv`	`chv`
Cornish	`kw`	`cor`	`cor`	`cor`
Corsican	`co`	`cos`	`cos`	`cos`
Cree	`cr`	`cre`	`cre`	`cre` + 6	macrolanguage
Croatian	`hr`	`hrv`	`hrv`	`hrv`
Czech	`cs`	`ces`	`cze`	`ces`
Danish	`da`	`dan`	`dan`	`dan`
Divehi, Dhivehi, Maldivian	`dv`	`div`	`div`	`div`
Dutch, Flemish	`nl`	`nld`	`dut`	`nld`	Flemish is not to be confused with the closely related West Flemish which is referred to as Vlaams (Dutch for "Flemish") in ISO 639-3 and has the ISO 639-3 code `vls`
Dzongkha	`dz`	`dzo`	`dzo`	`dzo`
English	`en`	`eng`	`eng`	`eng`
Esperanto	`eo`	`epo`	`epo`	`epo`	constructed, initially by L.L. Zamenhof in 1887
Estonian	`et`	`est`	`est`	`est` + 2	macrolanguage
Ewe	`ee`	`ewe`	`ewe`	`ewe`
Faroese	`fo`	`fao`	`fao`	`fao`
Fijian	`fj`	`fij`	`fij`	`fij`
Finnish	`fi`	`fin`	`fin`	`fin`
French	`fr`	`fra`	`fre`	`fra`
Western Frisian	`fy`	`fry`	`fry`	`fry`	also known as Frisian
Fulah	`ff`	`ful`	`ful`	`ful` + 9	macrolanguage, also known as Fula
Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic	`gd`	`gla`	`gla`	`gla`
Galician	`gl`	`glg`	`glg`	`glg`
Ganda	`lg`	`lug`	`lug`	`lug`
Georgian	`ka`	`kat`	`geo`	`kat`
German	`de`	`deu`	`ger`	`deu`
Greek, Modern (1453–)	`el`	`ell`	`gre`	`ell`	for Ancient Greek, use the ISO 639-3 code `grc`
Kalaallisut, Greenlandic	`kl`	`kal`	`kal`	`kal`
Guarani	`gn`	`grn`	`grn`	`grn` + 5	macrolanguage
Gujarati	`gu`	`guj`	`guj`	`guj`
Haitian, Haitian Creole	`ht`	`hat`	`hat`	`hat`
Hausa	`ha`	`hau`	`hau`	`hau`
Hebrew	`he`	`heb`	`heb`	`heb`	Modern Hebrew. Code changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, `iw`.[1]
Herero	`hz`	`her`	`her`	`her`
Hindi	`hi`	`hin`	`hin`	`hin`
Hiri Motu	`ho`	`hmo`	`hmo`	`hmo`
Hungarian	`hu`	`hun`	`hun`	`hun`
Icelandic	`is`	`isl`	`ice`	`isl`
Ido	`io`	`ido`	`ido`	`ido`	constructed by De Beaufront, 1907, as variation of Esperanto
Igbo	`ig`	`ibo`	`ibo`	`ibo`
Indonesian	`id`	`ind`	`ind`	`ind`	covered by macrolanguage `ms`/`msa`. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, `in`.[1]
Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)	`ia`	`ina`	`ina`	`ina`	constructed by the International Auxiliary Language Association
Interlingue, Occidental	`ie`	`ile`	`ile`	`ile`	constructed by Edgar de Wahl, first published in 1922
Inuktitut	`iu`	`iku`	`iku`	`iku` + 2	macrolanguage
Inupiaq	`ik`	`ipk`	`ipk`	`ipk` + 2	macrolanguage
Irish	`ga`	`gle`	`gle`	`gle`
Italian	`it`	`ita`	`ita`	`ita`
Japanese	`ja`	`jpn`	`jpn`	`jpn`
Javanese	`jv`	`jav`	`jav`	`jav`
Kannada	`kn`	`kan`	`kan`	`kan`
Kanuri	`kr`	`kau`	`kau`	`kau` + 3	macrolanguage
Kashmiri	`ks`	`kas`	`kas`	`kas`
Kazakh	`kk`	`kaz`	`kaz`	`kaz`
Central Khmer	`km`	`khm`	`khm`	`khm`	also known as Khmer or Cambodian
Kikuyu, Gikuyu	`ki`	`kik`	`kik`	`kik`
Kinyarwanda	`rw`	`kin`	`kin`	`kin`
Kirghiz, Kyrgyz	`ky`	`kir`	`kir`	`kir`
Komi	`kv`	`kom`	`kom`	`kom` + 2	macrolanguage
Kongo	`kg`	`kon`	`kon`	`kon` + 3	macrolanguage
Korean	`ko`	`kor`	`kor`	`kor`
Kuanyama, Kwanyama	`kj`	`kua`	`kua`	`kua`
Kurdish	`ku`	`kur`	`kur`	`kur` + 3	macrolanguage
Lao	`lo`	`lao`	`lao`	`lao`
Latin	`la`	`lat`	`lat`	`lat`	ancient
Latvian	`lv`	`lav`	`lav`	`lav` + 2	macrolanguage
Limburgan, Limburger, Limburgish	`li`	`lim`	`lim`	`lim`
Lingala	`ln`	`lin`	`lin`	`lin`
Lithuanian	`lt`	`lit`	`lit`	`lit`
Luba-Katanga	`lu`	`lub`	`lub`	`lub`	also known as Luba-Shaba
Luxembourgish, Letzeburgesch	`lb`	`ltz`	`ltz`	`ltz`
Macedonian	`mk`	`mkd`	`mac`	`mkd`
Malagasy	`mg`	`mlg`	`mlg`	`mlg` + 11	macrolanguage
Malay	`ms`	`msa`	`may`	`msa` + 36	macrolanguage, Standard Malay is `zsm`, Indonesian is `id`/`ind`
Malayalam	`ml`	`mal`	`mal`	`mal`
Maltese	`mt`	`mlt`	`mlt`	`mlt`
Manx	`gv`	`glv`	`glv`	`glv`
Maori	`mi`	`mri`	`mao`	`mri`	also known as Māori
Marathi	`mr`	`mar`	`mar`	`mar`	also known as Marāṭhī
Marshallese	`mh`	`mah`	`mah`	`mah`
Mongolian	`mn`	`mon`	`mon`	`mon` + 2	macrolanguage
Nauru	`na`	`nau`	`nau`	`nau`	also known as Nauruan
Navajo, Navaho	`nv`	`nav`	`nav`	`nav`
North Ndebele	`nd`	`nde`	`nde`	`nde`	also known as Northern Ndebele
South Ndebele	`nr`	`nbl`	`nbl`	`nbl`	also known as Southern Ndebele
Ndonga	`ng`	`ndo`	`ndo`	`ndo`
Nepali	`ne`	`nep`	`nep`	`nep` + 2	macrolanguage
Norwegian	`no`	`nor`	`nor`	`nor` + 2	macrolanguage, Bokmål is `nb`/`nob`, Nynorsk is `nn`/`nno`
Norwegian Bokmål	`nb`	`nob`	`nob`	`nob`	covered by macrolanguage `no`/`nor`
Norwegian Nynorsk	`nn`	`nno`	`nno`	`nno`	covered by macrolanguage `no`/`nor`
Sichuan Yi, Nuosu	`ii`	`iii`	`iii`	`iii`	standard form of the Yi languages
Occitan	`oc`	`oci`	`oci`	`oci`
Ojibwa	`oj`	`oji`	`oji`	`oji` + 7	macrolanguage, also known as Ojibwe
Oriya	`or`	`ori`	`ori`	`ori` + 2	macrolanguage, also known as Odia
Oromo	`om`	`orm`	`orm`	`orm` + 4	macrolanguage
Ossetian, Ossetic	`os`	`oss`	`oss`	`oss`
Pali	`pi`	`pli`	`pli`	`pli`	ancient, also known as Pāli
Pashto, Pushto	`ps`	`pus`	`pus`	`pus` + 3	macrolanguage
Persian	`fa`	`fas`	`per`	`fas` + 2	macrolanguage, also known as Farsi
Polish	`pl`	`pol`	`pol`	`pol`
Portuguese	`pt`	`por`	`por`	`por`
Punjabi, Panjabi	`pa`	`pan`	`pan`	`pan`
Quechua	`qu`	`que`	`que`	`que` + 43	macrolanguage
Romanian, Moldavian, Moldovan	`ro`	`ron`	`rum`	`ron`	the identifiers `mo` and `mol` for Moldavian are deprecated. They will not be assigned to different items, and recordings using these identifiers will not be invalid.
Romansh	`rm`	`roh`	`roh`	`roh`
Rundi	`rn`	`run`	`run`	`run`	also known as Kirundi
Russian	`ru`	`rus`	`rus`	`rus`
Northern Sami	`se`	`sme`	`sme`	`sme`
Samoan	`sm`	`smo`	`smo`	`smo`
Sango	`sg`	`sag`	`sag`	`sag`
Sanskrit	`sa`	`san`	`san`	`san`	ancient
Sardinian	`sc`	`srd`	`srd`	`srd` + 4	macrolanguage
Serbian	`sr`	`srp`	`srp`	`srp`	the ISO 639-2/T code `srp` deprecated the ISO 639-2/B code `scc`[2]
Shona	`sn`	`sna`	`sna`	`sna`
Sindhi	`sd`	`snd`	`snd`	`snd`
Sinhala, Sinhalese	`si`	`sin`	`sin`	`sin`
Slovak	`sk`	`slk`	`slo`	`slk`
Slovenian	`sl`	`slv`	`slv`	`slv`	also known as Slovene
Somali	`so`	`som`	`som`	`som`
Southern Sotho	`st`	`sot`	`sot`	`sot`
Spanish, Castilian	`es`	`spa`	`spa`	`spa`
Sundanese	`su`	`sun`	`sun`	`sun`
Swahili	`sw`	`swa`	`swa`	`swa` + 2	macrolanguage
Swati	`ss`	`ssw`	`ssw`	`ssw`	also known as Swazi
Swedish	`sv`	`swe`	`swe`	`swe`
Tagalog	`tl`	`tgl`	`tgl`	`tgl`	note: Filipino (Pilipino) has the code `fil`
Tahitian	`ty`	`tah`	`tah`	`tah`	one of the Reo Mā`ohi (languages of French Polynesia)[3]
Tajik	`tg`	`tgk`	`tgk`	`tgk`
Tamil	`ta`	`tam`	`tam`	`tam`
Tatar	`tt`	`tat`	`tat`	`tat`
Telugu	`te`	`tel`	`tel`	`tel`
Thai	`th`	`tha`	`tha`	`tha`
Tibetan	`bo`	`bod`	`tib`	`bod`	also known as Standard Tibetan
Tigrinya	`ti`	`tir`	`tir`	`tir`
Tonga (Tonga Islands)	`to`	`ton`	`ton`	`ton`	also known as Tongan
Tsonga	`ts`	`tso`	`tso`	`tso`
Tswana	`tn`	`tsn`	`tsn`	`tsn`
Turkish	`tr`	`tur`	`tur`	`tur`
Turkmen	`tk`	`tuk`	`tuk`	`tuk`
Twi	`tw`	`twi`	`twi`	`twi`	covered by macrolanguage `ak`/`aka`
Uighur, Uyghur	`ug`	`uig`	`uig`	`uig`
Ukrainian	`uk`	`ukr`	`ukr`	`ukr`
Urdu	`ur`	`urd`	`urd`	`urd`
Uzbek	`uz`	`uzb`	`uzb`	`uzb` + 2	macrolanguage
Venda	`ve`	`ven`	`ven`	`ven`
Vietnamese	`vi`	`vie`	`vie`	`vie`
Volapük	`vo`	`vol`	`vol`	`vol`	constructed
Walloon	`wa`	`wln`	`wln`	`wln`
Welsh	`cy`	`cym`	`wel`	`cym`
Wolof	`wo`	`wol`	`wol`	`wol`
Xhosa	`xh`	`xho`	`xho`	`xho`
Yiddish	`yi`	`yid`	`yid`	`yid` + 2	macrolanguage. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, `ji`.[1]
Yoruba	`yo`	`yor`	`yor`	`yor`
Zhuang, Chuang	`za`	`zha`	`zha`	`zha` + 16	macrolanguage
Zulu	`zu`	`zul`	`zul`	`zul`