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1660s

Decade From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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The 1660s decade ran from 1 January 1660, to 31 December 1669.

1660

JanuaryMarch

  • January 1
    • At daybreak, English Army Colonel George Monck, with two brigades of troops from his Scottish occupational force, fords the River Tweed at Coldstream in Scotland to cross the Anglo-Scottish border at Northumberland, with a mission of advancing toward London to end military rule of England by General John Lambert and to accomplish the English Restoration, the return of the monarchy to England. By the end of the day, he and his soldiers have gone 15 mi (24 km) through knee-deep snow to Wooler while the advance guard of cavalry had covered 50 mi (80 km) to reach Morpeth.[1][2]
    • At the same time, rebels within the New Model Army under the command of Colonel Thomas Fairfax take control of York and await the arrival of Monck's troops.[3]
    • Samuel Pepys, a 36-year-old member of the Parliament of England, begins keeping a diary that later provides a detailed insight into daily life and events in 17th century England. He continues until May 31, 1669, when worsening eyesight leads him to quit. .[4] Pepys starts with a preliminary note, "Blessed be God, at the end of the last year I was in very good health, without any sense of my old pain but upon taking of cold. I lived in Axe-yard, having my wife and servant Jane, and no more in family than us three." For his first note on "January 1. 1659/60 Lords-day", he notes "This morning (we lying lately in the garret) I rose, put on my suit with great skirts, having not lately worn any other clothes but them," followed by recounting his attendance at the Exeter-house church in London.[5]
  • January 6 The Rump Parliament passes a resolution requesting Colonel Monck to come to London "as speedily as he could", followed by a resolution of approval on January 12 and a vote of thanks and annual payment of 1,000 pounds sterling for his lifetime on January 16.[6]
  • January 11 Colonel Monck and Colonel Fairfax rendezvous at York and then prepare to proceed southward toward London. gathering deserters from Lambert's army along the way.[3]
  • January 16 With 4,000 infantry and 1,800 cavalry ("an army sufficient to overawe, without exciting suspicion"),[6] Colonel Monck marches southward toward Nottingham, with a final destination of London. Colonel Thomas Morgan is dispatched back to Scotland with two regiments of cavalry to reinforce troops there.
  • January 31 The Rump Parliament confirms the promotion of Colonel George Monck to the rank of General and he receives the commission of rank while at St Albans.[1]
  • February 3 General George Monck, at the head of his troops, enters London on horseback, accompanied by his principal officers and the commissioners of the Rump Parliament. Bells ring as they pass but the crowds in the streets are unenthusiastic and the troops are "astonished at meeting with so different a reception to that which they had received elsewhere during their march.".[6][7]
  • February 13 Charles XI becomes king of Sweden at the age of five, upon the death of his father, Charles X Gustavus.
  • February 26 The Rump Parliament, under pressure from General Monck, votes to call back all of the surviving members of the group of 231 MPs who had been removed from the House of Commons in 1648 so that the Long Parliament can be reassembled long enough for a full Parliament to approve elections for a new legislative body.[3]
  • February 27 John Thurloe is reinstated as England's Secretary of State, having been deprived of his offices late in the previous year.
  • March 3 General John Lambert, who had attempted to stop the Restoration, is arrested and imprisoned in the Tower of London. He escapes on April 9 but is recaptured on April 24. Though spared the death penalty for treason in 1662, he remains incarcerated on the island of Guernsey for the rest of his life until his death at age 64 on March 1, 1684.[8]
  • March 16 The Long Parliament, after having been reassembled for the first time in more than 11 years, votes for its own dissolution and calls for new elections for what will become the Convention Parliament to make the return from republic to monarchy.[3]
  • March 31 The war in the West Indies between the indigenous Carib people, and the French Jesuits and English people who have colonized the islands, is ended with a treaty signed at Basse-Terre at Guadeloupe at the residence of the French Governor, Charles Houël du Petit Pré.[9]

AprilJune

JulySeptember

OctoberDecember

Date unknown

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Births

1660

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Arnold Houbraken
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George I of Great Britain

1661

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Charles II of Spain
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Christopher Polhem

1662

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Mary II of England
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Willem van Mieris

1663

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Cotton Mather
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Prince Eugene of Savoy

1664

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John Vanbrugh
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Nicolas Fatio de Duillier

1665

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Anne, Queen of Great Britain

1666

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Guru Gobind Singh

1667

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John Arbuthnot
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Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici

1668

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Giambattista Vico
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Herman Boerhaave

1669

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Susanna Wesley
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Anne Marie d'Orléans
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Deaths

1660

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Govert Flinck
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Frans van Schooten
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Jacob Cats

1661

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Martino Martini
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Köprülü Mehmed Pasha

1662

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Henry Vane the Younger
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Blaise Pascal
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Adriaen van de Venne

1663

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Francesco Maria Grimaldi

1664

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Adam Willaerts

1665

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Pierre de Fermat
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King Philip of Spain

1666

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Shah Jahan
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Albert VI, Duke of Bavaria
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Frans Hals

1667

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Godefroy Wendelin

1668

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Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland

1669

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Rembrandt
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References

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