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5-HT1B receptor

Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

5-HT1B receptor
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5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B also known as the 5-HT1B receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTR1B gene.[5][6] The 5-HT1B receptor is a 5-HT receptor subtype.[7]

Quick Facts HTR1B, Available structures ...
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Tissue distribution and function

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5-HT1B receptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system with the highest concentrations found in the frontal cortex, basal ganglia, striatum, and the hippocampus.[8] The function of the 5-HT1B receptor differs depending upon its location. In the frontal cortex, it is believed to act as a terminal receptor inhibiting the release of dopamine. In the basal ganglia and the striatum, evidence suggests 5-HT signaling acts on an autoreceptor, inhibiting the release of serotonin[9] and decreasing glutamatergic transmission by reducing miniature excitatory postsynaptic potential (mEPSP) frequency,[10] respectively. In the hippocampus, a recent study has demonstrated that activation of postsynaptic 5-HT1B heteroreceptors produces a facilitation in excitatory synaptic transmission which is altered in depression.[11] When the expression of 5-HT1B in human cortex was traced throughout life, significant changes during adolescence were observed, in a way that is strongly correlated with the expression of 5-HT1E.[12]

Outside of the CNS, the 5-HT1B receptor is also expressed on the endothelium of blood vessels, particularly in the meninges.[13] Activation of these receptors results in vasoconstriction. The high distribution of vasoconstrictive 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors around the brain makes them a valuable drug target for the treatment of migraines.[13]

Blocking 5-HT1B receptor signalling also increases the number of osteoblasts, bone mass, and the bone formation rate.[14]

Knockout mice lacking the 5-HT1B gene have been reported to have a higher preference for alcohol, although later studies failed to replicate such abnormalities in alcohol consumption.[15] These mice have also been reported to have a lower measure of anxiety (such as on the elevated plus maze test) and a higher measure of aggression.[15]

Under basal conditions, knockout mice present with a "normal" phenotype and exhibit a sucrose preference (lack of sucrose preference is considered a measure of anhedonia). However, after undergoing chronic unpredictable stress treatment to induce a "depression-like" phenotype these animals do not benefit from administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs).[11][failed verification]

Activation of the serotonin 5-HT1B receptor appears to mediate the prosocial effects of entactogens acting as serotonin releasing agents like MDMA in animals.[16][17][18][19] In addition, serotonin 5-HT1B receptor activation appears to mediate the locomotor hyperactivity of these agents.[20][21][22] The serotonin 5-HT1B receptor also appears to be required for the persisting antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects as well as acute hypolocomotion of the serotonergic psychedelic and non-selective serotonin receptor agonist psilocybin in animals.[23]

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Ligands

Agonists

Partial agonists

Antagonists and inverse agonists

Unknown

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Genetics

In humans the protein is coded by the gene HTR1B.

A genetic variant in the promoter region, A-161T, has been examined with respect to personality traits and showed no major effect.[29]

See also

References

Further reading

External links

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