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Changshu
County-level city in Jiangsu, People's Republic of China From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Changshu (Chinese: 常熟; pinyin: Chángshú; Wade–Giles: Ch'ang-shu'; lit. 'evergrow'; Suzhounese: /d͡ʐan¹³ ʐoʔ²³/)[2] is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Suzhou, Jiangsu province, and is part of the Yangtze River Delta.[3] It borders the prefecture-level city of Nantong to the northeast across the Yangtze River. Due to the mild climate and terrain, it has a high level of agriculture since ancient times, and is named after this: the first character of its name (常) means "always, often", while the second (熟) means "ripe". The name of the adjacent county-level city of Taicang means "great granary".
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History
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Changshu first became an independent county in 540 AD, but in 581 was made subordinate to Suzhou. It was promoted to seat of a full prefecture in 1295, was rebuilt and fortified in the 14th century, but in 1370 was reduced again to the level of a county. In the 15th and 16th centuries Changshu was several times attacked by Japanese pirates.
Changshu has traditionally been a market town for locally produced rice, corn, wheat, tea, and mulberry leaves, and since the 13th century has been a major cotton-producing district. Although administratively still a subordinate city to Suzhou, it is a provincial base of foreign trade. Currently a harbour is being developed on the Yangtze River near Changshu to service Suzhou and Wuxi.
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Economy
The city's major industries include textiles, paper-making, fine chemicals, machinery, steel and forestry products. The city has more than 4,000 textile and apparel companies with combined annual sales of RMB50 billion. The paper-making industry has attracted more the US$15 billion of FDI. By the end of 2007, this industry exceeded 2.4 million tons.[4]
More than 2,000 foreign enterprises have invested in Changshu including big names such as Sharp and Dunlop. Of the contracted investment at least one-third has come from Taiwan – more than 500 Taiwan enterprises have invested more than US$100 million in the city.[citation needed] UPM-Kymmene from Finland has been running a paper mill in the city since 1999 and now has an annual capacity of 200,000 tons of coated and 600,000 tons of uncoated fine paper.[citation needed]
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Administrative divisions
Changshu is divided into 2 subdistricts and 9 towns.[5]
2 Subdistricts
- Bixi (碧溪新区)
- Dongnan (东南开发区)
9 Towns
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Discontinued/Merged towns
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Climate
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Infrastructure
The China National Highway 204 Yantai-Nantong-Changshu-Shanghai, Sujiahang Expressway and Suzhou-Jiaxing-Hangzhou all pass through Changshu. Changshu has one Yangtze River crossing, the Sutong Yangtze River Bridge, one of the longest cable-stayed bridges in the world.[8]
Education facilities
College and universities
- Changshu Institute of Technology (常熟理工学院)
- UWC Changshu China (常熟世界联合书院)
High schools
- Changshu High School of Jiangsu Province (江苏省常熟中学)
- High School of Changshu City (常熟市中学)
- Changshu Foreign Language School (常熟市外国语学校)
- United World College of Changshu China
Tourism
Gardens and parks
- Fangta Tower Park (方塔园)
- Yushan Park (虞山公园)
- Shanghu Lake Park (尚湖公园)
- The Zengs' Garden (曾园)
- The Zhaos' Garden (赵园)
- The Yan Garden (燕园)
Hills
- Yushan (虞山)
- Fushan Hills (福山诸丘)
- Tongguan Hill (铜官山)
- Dianshan Hill (殿山)
- Xishan Hill (西山)
Archaeological sites
- Xingfu Temple (兴福寺)
- Zhongyong's Tomb (仲雍墓)
- Yanzi's Tomb
Religion
Local people generally believe in Buddhism, Taoism, Protestantism and Catholicism. Changshu Christian Church is a Protestant church in the city.
Transportation
- Railroad: the Yangtze Riverine Railway (planning)
- Highways: the Yangtze Riverine Expressway, the Suzhou-Jiaxing-Hangzhou Expressway
Notable people
- Huang Gongwang (1269–1354), one of the Four Masters of the Yüan dynasty
- Pu Xuefeng (1900–1997), academic and administrator
- Shiwu (1272–1352), a Chan poet and hermit who lived during the Yuan Dynasty
- Wang Hui (1632–1717), one of the "Four Wangs" representing the orthodox school of painting during the Ming and early Qing dynasties
- Wu Li (1632–1718), one of the orthodox school of "literati painting" (wenrenhua) in the early Qing dynasty
- Jiang Tingxi (1669–1732), official painter and grand secretary to the Imperial Court
- Weng Tonghe (1830–1904), Confucian scholar and imperial tutor of two emperors during the Qing dynasty
- Wang Ganchang (1907–1998), nuclear physics scientist
- Zhang Guangdou (1911–2013), hydrologist
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See also
References
External links
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