FMNL2

Formin-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FMNL2 gene.^[5][6]

FMNL2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4YC7
Identifiers
Aliases	FMNL2, FHOD2, formin like 2
External IDs	OMIM: 616285; MGI: 1918659; HomoloGene: 70871; GeneCards: FMNL2; OMA:FMNL2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2q23.3 Start 152,335,174 bp[1] End 152,649,826 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2|2 C1.1 Start 52,747,872 bp[2] End 53,023,816 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in inferior ganglion of vagus nerve corpus callosum subthalamic nucleus external globus pallidus medulla oblongata pars reticulata superior vestibular nucleus ventral tegmental area pars compacta internal globus pallidus Top expressed in otolith organ utricle superior cervical ganglion sciatic nerve hand ciliary body Epithelium of choroid plexus trigeminal ganglion condyle stria vascularis More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function actin binding cadherin binding GTPase activating protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol Biological process regulation of cell morphogenesis cortical actin cytoskeleton organization cytoskeleton organization actin cytoskeleton organization cellular component organization regulation of cell shape Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 114793 71409 Ensembl ENSG00000157827 ENSMUSG00000036053 UniProt Q96PY5 A2APV2 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001004417 NM_001004421 NM_001004422 NM_052905 NM_172409 RefSeq (protein) NP_443137 NP_765997 NP_001395244 NP_001395245 NP_001395246 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 152.34 – 152.65 Mb Chr 2: 52.75 – 53.02 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Expression

Alternatively spliced transcript variants of the FMNL2 gene encoding different isoforms have been described.^[5] The full length FMNL2 (FRL3) protein (1092 amino acids-NCBI Reference Sequence: NP_443137.2^[7]) is regulated through autoinhibition, and may become activated through Rho proteins.^[8] The FMNL2 gene is expressed in multiple human tissues.^[9]

Function

Formin-like protein 2 is a formin-related protein. Formin-related proteins have been implicated in morphogenesis, cytokinesis, and cell polarity.^[5]

Clinical significance

FMNL2 expression is considerably higher in colorectal cancer tumors compared to normal tissue.^[10]

Clinical studies showed that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the FMNL2 gene are associated with cardio and cerebrovascular risk factors and Alzheimer's disease^[11] FMNL2 links vascular disease to increased risk of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the interaction between astrocytes and blood vessels in healthy and Alzheimer's disease brains.^[12]

See also

• FMNL1
• FMNL3