January 1981 lunar eclipse

Penumbral lunar eclipse January 20, 1981 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

January 1981 lunar eclipse

A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Tuesday, January 20, 1981,[1] with an umbral magnitude of −0.0192. It was a relatively rare total penumbral lunar eclipse, with the Moon passing entirely within the penumbral shadow without entering the darker umbral shadow.[2] A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 5.2 days after perigee (on January 15, 1981, at 3:35 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[3]

Quick Facts Date, Gamma ...
January 1981 lunar eclipse
Penumbral eclipse
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The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left
DateJanuary 20, 1981
Gamma−1.0142
Magnitude−0.0192
Saros cycle114 (57 of 71)
Penumbral263 minutes, 50 seconds
Contacts (UTC)
P15:38:00
Greatest7:49:57
P410:01:50
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Visibility

The eclipse was completely visible over northeast Asia, North America, and western South America, seen rising over east Asia and eastern Australia and setting over eastern South America, west Africa and much of Europe.[4]

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Eclipse details

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[5]

More information Parameter, Value ...
January 20, 1981 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 1.01360
Umbral Magnitude −0.01916
Gamma −1.01421
Sun Right Ascension 20h09m28.4s
Sun Declination -20°06'46.4"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'15.2"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9"
Moon Right Ascension 08h08m59.5s
Moon Declination +19°08'35.7"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'44.3"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°57'45.5"
ΔT 51.4 s
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Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

More information January 20Ascending node (full moon), February 4Descending node (new moon) ...
Eclipse season of January–February 1981
January 20
Ascending node (full moon)
February 4
Descending node (new moon)
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Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 114
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 140
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Summarize
Perspective

Eclipses in 1981

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Lunar Saros 114

Inex

Triad

  • Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of March 21, 1894
  • Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 21, 2067

Lunar eclipses of 1980–1984

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[6]

The penumbral lunar eclipses on March 1, 1980 and August 26, 1980 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the penumbral lunar eclipses on May 15, 1984 and November 8, 1984 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

More information Lunar eclipse series sets from 1980 to 1984, Descending node ...
Lunar eclipse series sets from 1980 to 1984
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Date
Viewing
Type
Chart
Gamma Saros Date
Viewing
Type
Chart
Gamma
109 1980 Jul 27
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Penumbral
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1.4139 114 1981 Jan 20
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Penumbral
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−1.0142
119 1981 Jul 17
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Partial
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0.7045 124 1982 Jan 09
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Total
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−0.2916
129 1982 Jul 06
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Total
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−0.0579 134 1982 Dec 30
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Total
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0.3758
139 1983 Jun 25
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Partial
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−0.8152 144 1983 Dec 20
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Penumbral
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1.0747
149 1984 Jun 13
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Penumbral
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−1.5240
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Saros 114

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 114, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on May 13, 971 AD. It contains partial eclipses from August 7, 1115 through February 18, 1440; total eclipses from February 28, 1458 through July 17, 1674; and a second set of partial eclipses from July 28, 1692 through November 26, 1890. The series ends at member 71 as a penumbral eclipse on June 22, 2233.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 35 at 106 minutes, 5 seconds on May 24, 1584. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[7]

More information Greatest, First ...
Greatest First
The greatest eclipse of the series occurred on 1584 May 24, lasting 106 minutes, 5 seconds.[8] Penumbral Partial Total Central
971 May 13
1115 Aug 07
1458 Feb 28
1530 Apr 12
Last
Central Total Partial Penumbral
1638 Jun 26
1674 Jul 17
1890 Nov 26
2233 Jun 22
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Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

More information Series members 48–69 occur between 1801 and 2200: ...
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Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

More information Series members between 1817 and 2200 ...
Series members between 1817 and 2200
1817 May 01
(Saros 99)
1828 Mar 31
(Saros 100)
1839 Feb 28
(Saros 101)
1850 Jan 28
(Saros 102)
1860 Dec 28
(Saros 103)
1893 Sep 25
(Saros 106)
1915 Jul 26
(Saros 108)
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1926 Jun 25
(Saros 109)
1937 May 25
(Saros 110)
1948 Apr 23
(Saros 111)
1959 Mar 24
(Saros 112)
1970 Feb 21
(Saros 113)
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1981 Jan 20
(Saros 114)
1991 Dec 21
(Saros 115)
2002 Nov 20
(Saros 116)
2013 Oct 18
(Saros 117)
2024 Sep 18
(Saros 118)
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2035 Aug 19
(Saros 119)
2046 Jul 18
(Saros 120)
2057 Jun 17
(Saros 121)
2068 May 17
(Saros 122)
2079 Apr 16
(Saros 123)
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2090 Mar 15
(Saros 124)
2101 Feb 14
(Saros 125)
2112 Jan 14
(Saros 126)
2122 Dec 13
(Saros 127)
2133 Nov 12
(Saros 128)
2144 Oct 11
(Saros 129)
2155 Sep 11
(Saros 130)
2166 Aug 11
(Saros 131)
2177 Jul 11
(Saros 132)
2188 Jun 09
(Saros 133)
2199 May 10
(Saros 134)
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Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

More information Series members between 1801 and 2200 ...
Series members between 1801 and 2200
1807 May 21
(Saros 108)
1836 May 01
(Saros 109)
1865 Apr 11
(Saros 110)
1894 Mar 21
(Saros 111)
1923 Mar 03
(Saros 112)
1952 Feb 11
(Saros 113)
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1981 Jan 20
(Saros 114)
2009 Dec 31
(Saros 115)
2038 Dec 11
(Saros 116)
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2067 Nov 21
(Saros 117)
2096 Oct 31
(Saros 118)
2125 Oct 12
(Saros 119)
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2154 Sep 21
(Saros 120)
2183 Sep 02
(Saros 121)
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Half-Saros cycle

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[9] This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of Solar Saros 121.

January 16, 1972 January 26, 1990
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See also

Notes

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