From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify languages.[1] Each language is assigned a two-letter (set 1) and three-letter lowercase abbreviation (sets 2–5).[2] Part 1 of the standard, ISO 639-1 defines the two-letter codes, and Part 3 (2007), ISO 639-3, defines the three-letter codes, aiming to cover all known natural languages, largely superseding the ISO 639-2 three-letter code standard.
This table lists all two-letter codes (set 1), one per language for ISO 639 macrolanguage, and some of the three-letter codes of the other sets, formerly parts 2 and 3.
Entries in the Scope column distinguish:
The Type column distinguishes:
ISO Language Names | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Scope | Type | Endonym(s) | Other Name(s) [note 1] |
Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T | B | ||||||||
Abkhazian | ab | abk | abk |
Individual | Living | Аҧсуа; Apsua; აფსუა | Abkhaz | ||
Afar | aa | aar | aar |
Individual | Living | Qafar af | |||
Afrikaans | af | afr | afr |
Individual | Living | Afrikaans | |||
Akan | ak | aka | aka + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Ákán | Twi is tw /twi , Fanti is fat | ||
Albanian | sq | sqi | alb | sqi + 4 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Shqip | called "Albanian Phylozone" in 639-6 | |
Amharic | am | amh | amh |
Individual | Living | አማርኛ (Amarəñña) | |||
Arabic | ar | ara | ara + 28 |
Macrolanguage | Living | اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ
(al-ʿarabiyyah) |
Standard Arabic is arb | ||
Aragonese | an | arg | arg |
Individual | Living | Aragonés | |||
Armenian | hy | hye | arm | hye |
Individual | Living | Հայերեն (Hayeren) | ISO 639-3 code hye is for Eastern Armenian, hyw is for Western Armenian, and xcl is for Classical Armenian | |
Assamese | as | asm | asm |
Individual | Living | অসমীয়া (Ôxômiya) | |||
Avaric | av | ava | ava |
Individual | Living | Авар мацӏ; اوار ماض (Avar maz) | Avar | ||
Avestan | ae | ave | ave |
Individual | Ancient | Upastawakaēna | |||
Aymara | ay | aym | aym + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Aymara | Aymaran | ||
Azerbaijani | az | aze | aze + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Azərbaycan dili; آذربایجان دیلی; Азәрбајҹан дили | Azeri | ||
Bambara | bm | bam | bam |
Individual | Living | بَمَنَنكَن ;ߓߡߊߣߊ߲ߞߊ߲ (Bamanankan) | |||
Bashkir | ba | bak | bak |
Individual | Living | Башҡорт теле; Başqort tele | |||
Basque | eu | eus | baq | eus |
Individual | Living | Euskara | ||
Belarusian | be | bel | bel |
Individual | Living | Беларуская мова (Belaruskaâ mova) | |||
Bengali | bn | ben | ben |
Individual | Living | বাংলা (Bāŋlā) | Bangla | ||
Bislama | bi | bis | bis |
Individual | Living | Bislama | Language formed from English and Vanuatuan languages, with some French influence. | ||
Bosnian | bs | bos | bos |
Individual | Living | Босански (Bosanski) | |||
Breton | br | bre | bre |
Individual | Living | Brezhoneg | |||
Bulgarian | bg | bul | bul |
Individual | Living | Български (Bulgarski) | |||
Burmese | my | mya | bur | mya |
Individual | Living | မြန်မာစာ (Mrãmācā) | Myanmar | |
Catalan, Valencian | ca | cat | cat |
Individual | Living | Català; Valencià | |||
Chamorro | ch | cha | cha |
Individual | Living | Finu' Chamoru | |||
Chechen | ce | che | che |
Individual | Living | Нохчийн мотт;
(Noxçiyn mott) |
Chechnyan; Chechnian | ||
Chichewa, Chewa, Nyanja | ny | nya | nya |
Individual | Living | Chichewa; Chinyanja | |||
Chinese | zh | zho | chi | zho + 16 |
Macrolanguage | Living | 中文 (Zhōngwén)
汉语; 漢語 (Hànyǔ) |
||
Church Slavonic, Old Slavonic, Old Church Slavonic | cu | chu | chu |
Individual | Ancient, in use by the Eastern Orthodox Church | Славе́нскїй ѧ҆зы́къ | |||
Chuvash | cv | chv | chv |
Individual | Living | Чӑвашла (Çăvaşla) | |||
Cornish | kw | cor | cor |
Individual | Living | Kernowek | |||
Corsican | co | cos | cos |
Individual | Living | Corsu | |||
Cree | cr | cre | cre + 6 |
Macrolanguage | Living | ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐁᐧᐃᐧᐣ (Nehiyawewin) | |||
Croatian | hr | hrv | hrv |
Individual | Living | Hrvatski | Crovatian | ||
Czech | cs | ces | cze | ces |
Individual | Living | Čeština | Czechian | |
Danish | da | dan | dan |
Individual | Living | Dansk | |||
Divehi, Dhivehi, Maldivian | dv | div | div |
Individual | Living | ދިވެހި (Dhivehi) | |||
Dutch, Flemish | nl | nld | dut | nld |
Individual | Living | Nederlands | Flemish is not to be confused with the closely related West Flemish which is referred to as "Vlaams" and has the code vls in ISO 639-3 | |
Dzongkha | dz | dzo | dzo |
Individual | Living | རྫོང་ཁ་ (Dzongkha) | Bhutanese | ||
English | en | eng | eng |
Individual | Living | English | |||
Esperanto | eo | epo | epo |
Individual | Constructed by L.L. Zamenhof in 1887 | Esperanto | |||
Estonian | et | est | est + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Eesti keel | |||
Ewe | ee | ewe | ewe |
Individual | Living | Èʋegbe | |||
Faroese | fo | fao | fao |
Individual | Living | Føroyskt | |||
Fijian | fj | fij | fij |
Individual | Living | Na Vosa Vakaviti | |||
Finnish | fi | fin | fin |
Individual | Living | Suomi | |||
French | fr | fra | fre | fra |
Individual | Living | Français | ||
Western Frisian | fy | fry | fry |
Individual | Living | Frysk | West Frisian; Frisian; Fries | ||
Fulah | ff | ful | ful + 9 |
Macrolanguage | Living | 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫 ;ࢻُلْࢻُلْدٜ; Fulfulde
𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤪 ;ݒُلَارْ; Pulaar |
Fula; Fulani | ||
Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic | gd | gla | gla |
Individual | Living | Gàidhlig | Scots Gaelic | ||
Galician | gl | glg | glg |
Individual | Living | Galego | |||
Ganda | lg | lug | lug |
Individual | Living | Luganda | Luganda | ||
Georgian | ka | kat | geo | kat |
Individual | Living | ქართული (Kharthuli) | ||
German | de | deu | ger | deu |
Individual | Living | Deutsch | ||
Greek, Modern (1453–) | el | ell | gre | ell |
Individual | Living | Νέα Ελληνικά; (Néa Ellêniká) | for Ancient Greek, use the ISO 639-3 code grc | |
Kalaallisut, Greenlandic | kl | kal | kal |
Individual | Living | Kalaallisut | |||
Guarani | gn | grn | grn + 5 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Avañe'ẽ | |||
Gujarati | gu | guj | guj |
Individual | Living | ગુજરાતી (Gujarātī) | |||
Haitian, Haitian Creole | ht | hat | hat |
Individual | Living | Kreyòl ayisyen | |||
Hausa | ha | hau | hau |
Individual | Living | هَرْشٜن هَوْس (halshen Hausa) | Hausan | ||
Hebrew | he | heb | heb |
Individual | Living | עברית (Ivrit) | Modern Hebrew. Code changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, iw .[3] | ||
Herero | hz | her | her |
Individual | Living | Otjiherero | |||
Hindi | hi | hin | hin |
Individual | Living | हिन्दी (Hindī) | |||
Hiri Motu | ho | hmo | hmo |
Individual | Living | Hiri Motu | Police Motu | ||
Hungarian | hu | hun | hun |
Individual | Living | Magyar nyelv | |||
Icelandic | is | isl | ice | isl |
Individual | Living | Íslenska | ||
Ido | io | ido | ido |
Individual | Constructed in 1907 by Louis de Beaufront as variation of Esperanto | Ido | |||
Igbo | ig | ibo | ibo |
Individual | Living | ásụ̀sụ́ Ìgbò | |||
Indonesian | id | ind | ind |
Individual | Living | bahasa Indonesia | covered by macrolanguage ms /msa . Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, in .[3] | ||
Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) | ia | ina | ina |
Individual | Constructed by the International Auxiliary Language Association | Interlingua | |||
Interlingue, Occidental | ie | ile | ile |
Individual | Constructed by Edgar de Wahl, first published in 1922 | Interlingue; Occidental | |||
Inuktitut | iu | iku | iku + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ (Inuktitut) | |||
Inupiaq | ik | ipk | ipk + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Iñupiaq | |||
Irish | ga | gle | gle |
Individual | Living | Gaeilge | |||
Italian | it | ita | ita |
Individual | Living | Italiano | |||
Japanese | ja | jpn | jpn |
Individual | Living | 日本語 (Nihongo) | |||
Javanese | jv | jav | jav |
Individual | Living | ꦧꦱꦗꦮ; basa Jawa | |||
Kannada | kn | kan | kan |
Individual | Living | ಕನ್ನಡ (Kannađa) | Kannadan; Canarese | ||
Kanuri | kr | kau | kau + 3 |
Macrolanguage | Living | كَنُرِيِه; Kànùrí | |||
Kashmiri | ks | kas | kas |
Individual | Living | कॉशुर; كأشُر (Kosher) | |||
Kazakh | kk | kaz | kaz |
Individual | Living | Қазақша; Qazaqşa | |||
Central Khmer | km | khm | khm |
Individual | Living | ខេមរភាសា; (Khémôrôphéasa) | Khmer; Cambodian | ||
Kikuyu, Gikuyu | ki | kik | kik |
Individual | Living | Gĩgĩkũyũ | |||
Kinyarwanda | rw | kin | kin |
Individual | Living | Ikinyarwanda | Rwandan; Rwanda | ||
Kyrgyz, Kirghiz | ky | kir | kir |
Individual | Living | Кыргыз | |||
Komi | kv | kom | kom + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Коми кыв | Zyran; Zyrian; Komi-Zyryan | ||
Kongo | kg | kon | kon + 3 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Kikongo | Kikongo | ||
Korean | ko | kor | kor |
Individual | Living | 한국어 (Hangugeo)
조선말 (Chosŏnmal) |
|||
Kuanyama, Kwanyama | kj | kua | kua |
Individual | Living | Oshikwanyama | Cuanhama; Oshikwanyama | ||
Kurdish | ku | kur | kur + 3 |
Macrolanguage | Living | کوردی; Kurdî | |||
Lao | lo | lao | lao |
Individual | Living | ພາສາລາວ (phasa Lao) | |||
Latin | la | lat | lat |
Individual | Ancient | Latinum | |||
Latvian | lv | lav | lav + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Latviski | |||
Limburgan, Limburger, Limburgish | li | lim | lim |
Individual | Living | Lèmburgs | |||
Lingala | ln | lin | lin |
Individual | Living | Lingála | Ngala | ||
Lithuanian | lt | lit | lit |
Individual | Living | Lietuvių | |||
Luba-Katanga | lu | lub | lub |
Individual | Living | Kiluba | Luba-Shaba | ||
Luxembourgish, Letzeburgesch | lb | ltz | ltz |
Individual | Living | Lëtzebuergesch | Luxembourgian | ||
Macedonian | mk | mkd | mac | mkd |
Individual | Living | Македонски (Makedonski) | ||
Malagasy | mg | mlg | mlg + 11 |
Macrolanguage | Living | مَلَغَسِ; Malagasy | |||
Malay | ms | msa | may | msa + 36 |
Macrolanguage | Living | بهاس ملايو (bahasa Melayu) | Standard Malay is zsm , Indonesian is id /ind | |
Malayalam | ml | mal | mal |
Individual | Living | മലയാളം (Malayāļã) | |||
Maltese | mt | mlt | mlt |
Individual | Living | Malti | |||
Manx | gv | glv | glv |
Individual | Living | Gaelg; Gailck | |||
Maori | mi | mri | mao | mri |
Individual | Living | reo Māori | ||
Marathi | mr | mar | mar |
Individual | Living | मराठी (Marāṭhī) | Maharashtran | ||
Marshallese | mh | mah | mah |
Individual | Living | kajin M̧ajeļ | Ebon | ||
Mongolian | mn | mon | mon + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ; Монгол хэл (Mongol xel) | |||
Nauru | na | nau | nau |
Individual | Living | dorerin Naoe | Nauruan | ||
Navajo, Navaho | nv | nav | nav |
Individual | Living | Diné bizaad; Naabeehó bizaad | |||
North Ndebele | nd | nde | nde |
Individual | Living | isiNdebele; saseNyakatho; Mthwakazi Ndebele | Northern Ndebele | ||
South Ndebele | nr | nbl | nbl |
Individual | Living | isiNdebele; sakwaNdzundza | Southern Ndebele | ||
Ndonga | ng | ndo | ndo |
Individual | Living | Ndonga | Oshindonga | ||
Nepali | ne | nep | nep + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | नेपाली भाषा (Nepālī bhāśā) | Nepalese | ||
Norwegian | no | nor | nor + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Norsk | Bokmål is nb /nob , Nynorsk is nn /nno | ||
Norwegian Bokmål | nb | nob | nob |
Individual | Living | Norsk Bokmål | covered by macrolanguage no /nor | ||
Norwegian Nynorsk | nn | nno | nno |
Individual | Living | Norsk Nynorsk | covered by macrolanguage no /nor | ||
Occitan | oc | oci | oci |
Individual | Living | Occitan; Provençal | Provential; Provencal | ||
Ojibwa | oj | oji | oji + 7 |
Macrolanguage | Living | ᐊᓂᔑᓈᐯᒧᐎᓐ (Anishinaabemowin) | Ojibwe; Ojibway; Otchipwe; Ojibwemowin | ||
Oriya | or | ori | ori + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | ଓଡ଼ିଆ (Odia) | Odian; Odishan | ||
Oromo | om | orm | orm + 4 |
Macrolanguage | Living | afaan Oromoo | Oromoo | ||
Ossetian, Ossetic | os | oss | oss |
Individual | Living | дигорон Ӕвзаг
(digoron Ævzag) |
|||
Pali | pi | pli | pli |
Individual | Ancient | Pāli | |||
Pashto, Pushto | ps | pus | pus + 3 |
Macrolanguage | Living | پښتو (Pax̌tow) | |||
Persian | fa | fas | per | fas + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | فارسی (Fārsiy) | Farsi | |
Polish | pl | pol | pol |
Individual | Living | Polski | |||
Portuguese | pt | por | por |
Individual | Living | Português | |||
Punjabi, Panjabi | pa | pan | pan |
Individual | Living | ਪੰਜਾਬੀ; پنجابی (Pãjābī) | |||
Quechua | qu | que | que + 43 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Runa simi; kichwa simi; Nuna shimi | Quechuan | ||
Romanian, Moldavian, Moldovan | ro | ron | rum | ron |
Individual | Living | Românã | the identifiers mo and mol for Moldavian are deprecated. They will not be assigned to different items, and recordings using these identifiers will not be invalid. | |
Romansh | rm | roh | roh |
Individual | Living | Rumantsch; Rumàntsch; Romauntsch; Romontsch | Romansch | ||
Rundi | rn | run | run |
Individual | Living | Ikirundi | Kirundi | ||
Russian | ru | rus | rus |
Individual | Living | Русский язык (Russkiĭ âzyk) | |||
Northern Sami | se | sme | sme |
Individual | Living | Davvisámegiella | North Sami | ||
Samoan | sm | smo | smo |
Individual | Living | gagana Sāmoa | |||
Sango | sg | sag | sag |
Individual | Living | yângâ tî Sängö | Sangoic | ||
Sanskrit | sa | san | san + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Ancient | संस्कृतम् (Saṃskṛtam) | |||
Sardinian | sc | srd | srd + 4 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Sardu | |||
Serbian | sr | srp | srp |
Individual | Living | Српски (Srpski) | the ISO 639-2/T code srp deprecated the ISO 639-2/B code scc [4] | ||
Shona | sn | sna | sna |
Individual | Living | chiShona | |||
Sindhi | sd | snd | snd |
Individual | Living | سنڌي; सिन्धी (Sindhī) | |||
Sinhala, Sinhalese | si | sin | sin |
Individual | Living | සිංහල (Siṁhala) | |||
Slovak | sk | slk | slo | slk |
Individual | Living | Slovenčina | Slovakian | |
Slovenian | sl | slv | slv |
Individual | Living | Slovenščina | Slovene | ||
Somali | so | som | som |
Individual | Living | Soomaali; 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘; سٝومالِ | Somalian | ||
Southern Sotho | st | sot | sot |
Individual | Living | Sesotho | Sesotho; Sotho | ||
Spanish, Castilian | es | spa | spa |
Individual | Living | Español; Castellano | |||
Sundanese | su | sun | sun |
Individual | Living | basa Sunda; ᮘᮞ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ; بَاسَا سُوْندَا | |||
Swahili | sw | swa | swa + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Kiswahili; كِسوَحِيلِ | Kiswahili | ||
Swati | ss | ssw | ssw |
Individual | Living | siSwati | Swazi | ||
Swedish | sv | swe | swe |
Individual | Living | Svenska | |||
Tagalog | tl | tgl | tgl |
Individual | Living | Wikang Tagalog | note: Filipino (Pilipino) has the code fil | ||
Tahitian | ty | tah | tah |
Individual | Living | reo Tahiti | One of the Reo Mā`ohi (languages of French Polynesia)[5] | ||
Tajik | tg | tgk | tgk |
Individual | Living | Тоҷикӣ (Tojikī) | |||
Tamil | ta | tam | tam |
Individual | Living | தமிழ் (Tamiḻ) | Tamizh | ||
Tatar | tt | tat | tat |
Individual | Living | Татар теле;
Tatar tele; تاتار تئلئ |
|||
Telugu | te | tel | tel |
Individual | Living | తెలుగు (Telugu) | |||
Thai | th | tha | tha |
Individual | Living | ภาษาไทย (Phasa Thai) | Central Thai; Siamese | ||
Tibetan | bo | bod | tib | bod |
Individual | Living | བོད་སྐད་ (Bodskad);
ལྷ་སའི་སྐད་ (Lhas'iskad) |
Standard Tibetan; Lhasa Tibetan | |
Tigrinya | ti | tir | tir |
Individual | Living | ትግርኛ (Təgrəñña) | Tigrigna | ||
Tonga (Tonga Islands) | to | ton | ton |
Individual | Living | lea faka-Tonga | Tongan | ||
Tsonga | ts | tso | tso |
Individual | Living | Xitsonga | Xitsonga | ||
Tswana | tn | tsn | tsn |
Individual | Living | Setswana | Setswana; Sechuana | ||
Turkish | tr | tur | tur |
Individual | Living | Türkçe | |||
Turkmen | tk | tuk | tuk |
Individual | Living | Türkmençe;
Түркменче; تۆرکمنچه |
|||
Twi | tw | twi | twi |
Individual | Living | Twi | covered by macrolanguage ak /aka | ||
Uighur, Uyghur | ug | uig | uig |
Individual | Living | ئۇيغۇر تىلى;
Уйғур тили; Uyƣur tili |
|||
Ukrainian | uk | ukr | ukr |
Individual | Living | Українська (Ukraїnska) | |||
Urdu | ur | urd | urd |
Individual | Living | اُردُو (Urduw) | |||
Uzbek | uz | uzb | uzb + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | Ózbekça;
ўзбекча; ئوزبېچه |
|||
Venda | ve | ven | ven |
Individual | Living | Tshivenḓa | Tshivenda | ||
Vietnamese | vi | vie | vie |
Individual | Living | tiếng Việt | |||
Volapük | vo | vol | vol |
Individual | Constructed in 1879-80 by Johann Martin Schleyer | Volapük | |||
Walloon | wa | wln | wln |
Individual | Living | Walon | |||
Welsh | cy | cym | wel | cym |
Individual | Living | Cymraeg | ||
Wolof | wo | wol | wol |
Individual | Living | وࣷلࣷفْ | |||
Xhosa | xh | xho | xho |
Individual | Living | isiXhosa | |||
Sichuan Yi, Nuosu | ii |
iii |
iii |
Individual | Living | ꆈꌠꉙ (Nuosuhxop) | Northern Yi; Liangshan Yi; Nosu | standard form of the Yi languages | |
Yiddish | yi | yid | yid + 2 |
Macrolanguage | Living | ייִדיש (Yidiš) | Judeo-German | Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, ji .[3] | |
Yoruba | yo | yor | yor |
Individual | Living | èdè Yorùbá | |||
Zhuang, Chuang | za | zha | zha + 16 |
Macrolanguage | Living | 話僮 (Vahcuengh) | |||
Zulu | zu | zul | zul |
Individual | Living | isiZulu |
aa | ab | ac | ad | ae | af | ag | ah | ai | aj | ak | al | am | an | ao | ap | aq | ar | as | at | au | av | aw | ax | ay | az |
ba | bb | bc | bd | be | bf | bg | bh | bi | bj | bk | bl | bm | bn | bo | bp | bq | br | bs | bt | bu | bv | bw | bx | by | bz |
ca | cb | cc | cd | ce | cf | cg | ch | ci | cj | ck | cl | cm | cn | co | cp | cq | cr | cs | ct | cu | cv | cw | cx | cy | cz |
da | db | dc | dd | de | df | dg | dh | di | dj | dk | dl | dm | dn | do | dp | dq | dr | ds | dt | du | dv | dw | dx | dy | dz |
ea | eb | ec | ed | ee | ef | eg | eh | ei | ej | ek | el | em | en | eo | ep | eq | er | es | et | eu | ev | ew | ex | ey | ez |
fa | fb | fc | fd |