List of translations of The Lord of the Rings

J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy novel The Lord of the Rings has been translated, with varying degrees of success, many times since its publication in 1954–55. Known translations are listed here; the exact number is hard to determine, for example because the European and Brazilian dialects of Portuguese are sometimes counted separately, as are the Nynorsk and Bokmål forms of Norwegian, and the Traditional and Simplified Chinese forms of that language.

Elrond's Library, as of its last updating in 2019, explicitly lists 87 translations in 57 languages.^[1] The Tolkien Gateway has a list of translations without details.^[2] Many separate collectors have sites that highlight their personal collections with more detail. Some of the more extensive sites include Elrond's Library,^[3] The Lord of the Rings in Translation,^[4] Impressions of Books by J.R.R. Tolkien Published in Japan,^[5] and the Tolkieniano Collection (in Italian).^[6] Editions of all the translations in this list can be found illustrated in one or more of these collections.

The book Толкин Русскими Глазами (Tolkin Russkimi Glazami, "Tolkien Through Russian Eyes") contains a detailed listing and history of the multiple Russian translations.^[7] Tolkien became personally involved with the Swedish translation, which he much disliked;^[8][9][10] he eventually produced his "Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings" in response.^[11]

The linguist Thomas Honegger has edited two books on the challenges of translating Tolkien: Tolkien in Translation and Translating Tolkien: Text and Film. The first volume looks at the theoretical problem, and then analyses translations into Esperanto, French, Norwegian, Russian, and Spanish to see how translators have coped with the issues discussed.^[12][13] The second volume looks at translation into Dutch, German, Hebrew, and Swedish, and analyses particularly complex issues such as translating Tolkien's constructed languages.^[14][15]

Translations

Language	Title	Year	Translator	Publisher	ISBN
Afrikaans	Die Heerser Van Die Ringe	2018 to 2020	Janie Oosthuysen (1), Kobus Geldenhuys (2, 3)	Protea Boekhuis, Pretoria	978-1-4853-0975-8, 978-1-4853-0976-5, 978-1-4853-0977-2
Albanian	Lordi i unazave, republished as Kryezoti i unazave	2004 to 2006	Ilir I. Baçi (part 1), Artan Miraka (2 and 3)	Dudaj, Tirana	99927-50-96-0 99943-33-11-9 99943-33-58-5
Arabic	سيد الخواتم، رفقة الخاتم، خروج الخاتمSayyid al-Khawātim, Rafīqat al-Khātim, Khurūj al-Khātim	2007	Amr Khairy	Malamih, Cairo	978-977-6262-03-4, only The Fellowship of the Ring, Book I
Arabic	سيد الخواتم Sayyid al-Khawātim	2009	Farajallah Sayyid Muhammad	Nahdet Misr, Cairo	977-14-4114-0, 977-14-1134-9, 977-14-1127-6
Armenian	Պահապաննէրը Pahapannērë	1989	Emma Makarian	Arevnik, Yerevan	Only The Fellowship of the Ring, no ISBN
Asturian	El Señor de los Aniellos	2020-2024	Nicolás Bardio	Ediciones Trabe	978-84-18286-34-6, 978-84-19358-02-8, 978-84-19358-93-6
Azerbaijani	Üzüklərin Hökmdarı	2020 to 2021	Samir Bulut	Qanun Nəşriyyatı	978-9-9523-6832-1, 978-9952-38-002-6 (I, III only, II has no ISBN)
Basque	Eraztunen Jauna	2002 to 2003	Agustin Otsoa Eribeko	Txalaparta, Tafalla	84-8136-258-1
Belarusian	Уладар пярсьцёнкаў: Зьвяз пярсьцёнка, Дзьве вежы, Вяртаньне караля Uladar piarścionkaŭ: Źviaz piarścionka, Dźvie viežy, Viartańnie karalia	2008 to 2009	Дзьмітрый Магілеўцаў and Крысьціна Курчанкова (Dźmitry Mahileŭcaŭ and Kryścina Kurčankova)	Minsk	978-985-4921-24-3 {{isbn}}: ignored ISBN errors (link)[16]
Belarusian	Валадар пярсцёнкаў: Брацтва Пярсцёнка Valadar piarścionkaŭ	2023-2024	Ihar Kulikou	Andrei Yanushkevich Publishing, Warsaw	978-83-969297-6-1, 978-83-68202-07-6 (I & II only)
Bengali (Bangladesh)	দি লর্ড অফ দ্য রিংস Di larḍa apha dya rinsa (I only)	2020	Moheul Islam Mithu	Aishwarya Prakash	The ISBN printed in the book is improperly formatted, 978-91288-3-X
Bengali (India)	সর্বাধিপতি আংটি Sarbādhipati āṇṭi (I, II only)	2012 to 2013	Aniruddha	Cinnamon Teal Publishing	978-93-81542-61-3, 978-93-80151-76-2
Bulgarian	Властелинът на пръстените Vlastelinăt na prăstenite	1990 to 1991	Lyubomir Nikolov	Narodna Kultura Sofia	—
Catalan	El Senyor dels Anells	1986 to 1988	Francesc Parcerisas	Vicens Vives, Barcelona	84-316-6868-7
Chinese (Simplified)	魔戒; mojie ("The Magic Ring")[17]	2001	Book One – Book Two: Ding Di (丁棣); Book Three – Book Four: Yao Jing-rong (姚锦镕); Book Five – Book Six: Tang Ding-jiu (汤定九)	Yilin Press (译林出版社), Nanjing	7-80657-267-8
Chinese (Simplified)	魔戒	2001, rev. 2012	Zhu Xueheng, rev. Deng Jiawan[17]	Shanghai Translation Publishing House, Shanghai	978-7-5327-9321-1
Chinese (Simplified)	魔戒	2013	Deng Jiawan / 邓嘉宛 (story), Shi Zhongge / 石中歌 (preface, prologue, appendix, and checking), Du Yunci / 杜蕴慈 (poems)	Wenjing, ISBN licensing by Shanghai People's Press[17]	9787208113039
Chinese (Simplified)	魔戒	2024	Tian Weihua	Zhejiang People's Publishing House, Hangzhou	978-7-213-11320-8
Chinese (Simplified)	魔戒	2024	Wang Jinhua	Democracy and Construction Press, Beijing	978-7-5139-4574-5
Chinese (Simplified)	魔戒	2024	Yan Yong (Fellowship of the Ring); Xin Hongjuan (Two Towers); Lu Danjun (Return of the King)	People's Literature Publishing House, Beijing	978-7-02-018431-6
Chinese (Simplified)	魔戒	2024	Liu Guowei (Fellowship of the Ring); Shan Nana (Two Towers, Return of the King)	Xi'an Publishing House, Xi'an	978-7-5541-7313-8
Chinese (Simplified)	魔戒	2024	Long Fei	Jiangxi University Press	978-7-5762-4428-1
Chinese (Simplified)	魔戒	2025	Sun Hua	Tiandi Press	978-7-5455-8626-8
Chinese (Traditional)	魔戒	2001 to 2002	Lucifer Chu (朱學恆)[18]	Linking Publishing, Taipei	957-08-2336-4, 957-08-2337-2, 957-08-2338-0
Chinese (Traditional)	魔戒	2024	Li Han	Shuangxi Publishing, Taipei	978-626-97933-5-8, 978-626-97933-6-5, 978-626-97933-7-2
Croatian	Gospodar prstenova	1995	Zlatko Crnković	Algoritam	953-6166-05-4
Croatian	Gospodar Prstenova	2018	Marko Maras	Lumen	978-953-342-154-4, 978-953-342-155-1, 978-953-342-156-8
Czech	Pán prstenů	1990 to 1992	Stanislava Pošustová(-Menšíková)	Mladá fronta, Prague	80-204-0105-9, 80-204-0194-6, 80-204-0259-4
Danish	Ringenes Herre	1968 to 1972	Ida Nyrop Ludvigsen[19]	Gyldendal, Copenhagen	978-87-02-04320-4
Dutch	In de Ban van de Ring	1957	Max Schuchart	Het Spectrum, Utrecht	—
Esperanto	La Mastro de l' Ringoj	1995 to 1997, 2nd ed. 2007	William Auld	Sezonoj, Yekaterinburg, Kaliningrad	5745004576, 9785745004575
Estonian	Sõrmuste Isand	1996 to 1998	Ene Aru and Votele Viidemann	Tiritamm, Tallinn	9985-55-039-0, 9985-55-046-3, 9985-55-049-8
Faroese	Ringanna Harri	2003 to 2005	Axel Tórgarð	Stiðin, Hoyvík	99918-42-33-0, 99918-42-34-9, 99918-42-38-1
Finnish	Taru sormusten herrasta	1973 to 1975	Kersti Juva, Eila Pennanen, Panu Pekkanen	—	—
French	Le Seigneur des anneaux	1972 to 1973	Francis Ledoux	Christian Bourgois	9782266201728
French	Le Seigneur des anneaux	2014 to 2016	Daniel Lauzon	Christian Bourgois	9782267027006
Frisian	Master fan alle ringen	2011 to 2016	Liuwe Westra	Frysk en Frij and Elikser, Leeuwarden	978-90-8566-022-4, 978-90-825871-0-4 (I & II only)
Galician	O Señor dos Aneis	2001 to 2002	Moisés R. Barcia	Xerais, Vigo	84-8302-682-1
Georgian	ბეჭდების მბრძანებელი: ბეჭდის საძმო, ორი ციხე–კოშკი, მეფის დაბრუნება Bech'debis Mbrdzanebeli: Bech'dis Sadzmo, Ori Tsikhe-k'oshki, Mepis Dabruneba	2009 to 2011	Nika Samushia (prose and poems) and Tsitso Khotsuashvili (poems in The Fellowship of the Ring)	Gia Karchkhadze Publishing, Tbilisi	978-99940-34-04-8, 978-99940-34-13-0, 978-99940-34-14-7
German	Der Herr der Ringe	1969 to 1970	Margaret Carroux and Ebba-Margareta von Freymann [de] (poems)	Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart	978-3-608-93666-7
German	Der Herr der Ringe	2000	Wolfgang Krege	Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart	978-3-608-93639-1
Greek	Ο Άρχοντας των Δαχτυλιδιών O Archontas ton Dachtylidion	1978	Eugenia Chatzithanasi-Kollia	Kedros, Athens	960-04-0308-2
Hebrew	שר הטבעות Sar ha-Tabbaot	1979 to 1980	Ruth Livnit	Zmora-Bitan, Tel Aviv	—
Hungarian	A Gyűrűk Ura	1981	Chapters 1-11: Ádám Réz Rest: Árpád Göncz and Dezső Tandori (poems)	Gondolat Könyvkiadó (1981) Európa Könyvkiadó (since 1990), Budapest	First: 963-280-963-7, 963-280-964-5, 963-280-965-3 2008 reworked: 978-963-07-8646-1[20]
Icelandic	Hringadróttinssaga	1993 to 1995, 2nd ed. 2003	Þorsteinn Thorarensen and Geir Kristjánsson (poems)	Fjölvi, Reykjavík	9979-58-364-9, 9979-58-366-5, 9979-58-365-7
Indonesian	The Lord of the Rings	2002 to 2003	Gita K. Yuliani	Gramedia, Jakarta	9796866935, 9792200355, 979220556-X
Italian	Il Signore degli Anelli	1967 to 1970	Vittoria Alliata di Villafranca	Bompiani, Milan	9788845210273
Italian	Il Signore degli Anelli	2020 to 2021	Ottavio Fatica	Bompiani	978-88-452-9919-3, 978-88-301-0271-2, 978-88-301-0272-9
Japanese	Yubiwa Monogatari (指輪物語; lit. "The tale of the Ring(s)")	1972 to 1975	Teiji Seta (瀬田貞二) and Akiko Tanaka (田中明子)	Hyouronsha [ja](評論社), Tokyo	978-4-566-02350-5, 978-4-566-02351-2, 978-4-566-02352-9
Korean	반지 이야기 (Banji iyagi), (reprinted as 완역 반지제왕 (Wanyeok Banjijewang))	1988 to 1992	강영운 (Kang Yeong-un)	Dongsuh Press, Seoul	—
Korean	반지전쟁 (Banjijeonjaeng), (reprinted as 반지의 제왕 (Banjieui Jewang))	1990	김번, 김보원, 이미애 (Kim Beon, Kim Bo-won, Yee Mi-ae)	Doseochulpan Yemun, Seoul	8986834200, 8986834219, 8986834227
Korean	마술반지 (Masulbanji)	1992 to 1994	이동진 (Lee Dong-jin)	Pauline (Baorottal), Seoul	Only The Fellowship of the Ring and The Two Towers. 8933103422 (I)
Korean	반지의 제왕 (Banjieui Jewang)	2001	한기찬 (Han Ki-chan)	황금가지 (Hwanggeum Gaji), Seoul	6 volumes. 8982732888, 8982732896, 898273290X, 8982732918, 8982732926, 8982732934, 898273287X (set)
Latvian	Gredzenu Pavēlnieks	2002 to 2004	Ieva Kolmane	Jumava, Riga	9984-05-579-5, 9984-05-626-0, 9984-05-861-1
Lithuanian	Žiedų valdovas	1994	Andrius Tapinas and Jonas Strielkūnas	Alma littera, Vilnius	9986-02-038-7, 9986-02-487-0, 9986-02-959-7
Macedonian	Господарот на прстените Gospodarot na prstenite	2002	Ofelija Kaviloska & Romeo Širilov	AEA, Misla, Skopje	9989-39-170-X, 9989-39-173-4, 9989-39-176-9
Marathi	स्वामी मुद्रिकांचा Swami Mudrikancha (I, II, III)	2015	Mugdha Karnik	Diamond Publications, Pune	978-8184836219
Mongolian	Бөгжний Эзэн, Bögjnii Ezen	2009	Ukhnaagiin Nyamsuren (translated from Russian)	Khökh Devter	9789996221255
Mongolian	ᠪᠥᠭᠵᠨᠢᠢ ᠡᠽᠡᠨ, Bögjnii Ezen	2014	Wuyunqimuge	Inner Mongolian Education Press	978-7-5311-8881-0, 978-7-5311-8893-3, 978-7-5311-8900-8
Mongolian (Монгол)	Бөгжний Эзэн, Bögjnii Ezen	2022-2025	B. Amarbayasgalan (official)	Monsudar	978-9919-28-115-1, 978-9919-28-178-6
Norwegian (Bokmål)	Krigen om ringen	1973 to 1975	Nils Werenskiold	Tiden Norsk Forlag	82-10-00816-1, 82-10-00930-3, 82-10-01096-4
Norwegian (Bokmål)	Ringenes herre	1980 to 1981	Torstein Bugge Høverstad	Tiden Norsk Forlag	978-82-10-04449-6
Norwegian (Nynorsk)	Ringdrotten	2006	Eilev Groven Myhren	Tiden Norsk Forlag, Oslo	82-05-36559-8
Persian	ارباب حلقه‌ها Arbāb-e Halqehā	2002 to 2004	Riza Alizadih	Rawzanih, Tehran	964-334-116-X, 964-334-139-9, 964-334-173-9
Polish	Władca Pierścieni	1961 to 1963	Maria Skibniewska (poems by Włodzimierz Lewik and Andrzej Nowicki)	Czytelnik, Warsaw	—
Polish	Władca Pierścieni	1996 to 1997	Jerzy Łozinski and Marek Obarski (poems)	Zysk i S-ka, Poznań	8371502419, 8371502427, 8371502435
Polish	Władca Pierścieni	2001	Books I – IV: Maria and Cezary Frąc; Book V: Aleksandra Januszewska; Book VI: Aleksandra Jagiełowicz; Poems: Tadeusz A. Olszański; Appendices: Ryszard Derdziński	Amber, Warszawa	8372457018, 8324132872, 978-83-241-4424-2
Portuguese (BRA)	O Senhor dos Anéis	1974 to 1979	António Rocha and Alberto Monjardim (unauthorized)	Publicações Europa-América	978-972-1-04102-8, 978-972-1-04144-8, 978-972-1-04154-7
Portuguese (BRA)	O Senhor dos Anéis	1994	Lenita Maria Rimoli Esteves and Almiro Pisetta	Martins Fontes	978-85-3360-292-2, 978-85-3360-314-1, 978-85-3360-315-8
Portuguese (BRA)	O Senhor dos Anéis	2000	Ronald Eduard Kyrmse	Martins Fontes	85-336-1340-7
Portuguese (POR)	O Senhor dos Anéis	1977	Fernanda Pinto Rodrigues	Publicações Europa-América	972-1-04144-0, 972-1-04154-8, 972-1-04102-5
Portuguese (POR)	O Senhor dos Anéis	2020	Catarina Ferreira de Almeida	Planeta	978-989-777-392-1, 978-989-777-470-6, 978-989-777-548-2
Romanian	Stăpînul Inelelor Stăpânul Inelelor	1999 to 2001	Irina Horea, Gabriela Nedelea, Ion Horea	Editorial Group Rao	978-606-609-367-5, 978-606-609-366-8, 978-606-609-365-1
Russian	Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets	1976 (publ. 2002)	A. A. Gruzberg; A. V. Zastyrets (poems)	U-Faktoriya, Yekaterinburg	5-94799-164-0
Russian	Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets	1982 to 1992	V. S. Muravyov (2nd to 6th books, poems), A. A. Kistyakovsky (first book)	Raduga, Moscow	5-05-002255-X, 5-05-002397-1, 5-05-004017-5
Russian	Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets	1984 (publ. 1991)	H. V. Grigoryeva and V. I. Grushetskij and I. B. Grinshpun (poems)	Severo-Zapad	5-7183-0003-8, 5-352-00312-4 (Azbuka)
Russian	Властители Колец Vlastiteli kolets	1990	Z.A. Bobyr'	Molodaya Gvardiya	5235019466, 5235019458 (Condensed translation from 1966 with Hobbit & I in first volume and II & III in second volume)
Russian	Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets	1991	V.A.M. (Valeriya Aleksandrovna Matorina)	Amur, Khabarovsk	—
Russian	Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets	1994	Mariya Kamenkovich and Valerij Karrik	Terra-Azbuka, St. Petersburg	5-300-00027-2, 5-300-00026-4
Russian	Властелин колец Vlastelin kolets	2002	V. Volkovskij, V. Vosedov, D. Afinogenova	AST, Moscow	5-17-016265-0
Russian	Властелин Колец Vlastelin kolets	2002	Alina V. Nemirova	AST, Kharkiv	5-17-009975-4, 5-17-008954-6, 966-03-1122-2 (Folio)
Serbian	Господар Прстенова Gospodar Prstenova	1981[21]	Zoran Stanojević	Nolit, Belgrade	—
Sinhala	මුදු වල අධිපතියා Mudu vala adhipatiyā (I in two parts, II)	2018 to 2019 (I), 2023 (II)	Kaveesha Nadun Kaggodaarachchi and Upekha Draupadhi Rajapaksha (I), Upekha Draupadhi Rajapaksha (II)	Muses Books	978-955-37-2703-9 (Ia), 978-955-37-2708-4 (Ib), 978-624-5579-65-5 (II)
Slovak	Pán prsteňov	2001 to 2002	Otakar Kořínek and Braňo Varsik	Vydavatelstvo Slovart, Bratislava	8071456063, 8071456071, 807145608-X
Slovenian	Gospodar prstanov	1995	Polona Mertelj, Primož Pečovnik, Zoran Obradovič	Gnosis-Quarto, Ljubljana
Slovenian	Gospodar prstanov	2001	Branko Gradišnik	Mladinska knjiga, Ljubljana	8611162447, 8611163001, 861116301-X
Slovenian	Gospodar prstanov	2023	Sergej Hvala	Mladinska knjiga	978-961-016-906-2, 978-961-016-907-9, 978-961-016-908-6
Spanish	El Señor de los Anillos	1977 to 1980	Luis Domènech (Francisco Porrúa) and Matilde Horne	Minotauro Buenos Aires	84-450-7032-0 (Minotauro)
Swedish	Härskarringen (also known as Sagan om Ringen)	1959 to 1961	Åke Ohlmarks	Almqvist & Wiksell, Stockholm	978-91-1-300998-8
Swedish	Ringarnas herre	2004 to 2005	Erik Andersson[22] and Lotta Olsson (poems)	Norstedts förlag	91-1-301153-7
Thai	ลอร์ดออฟเดอะริงส์ Lord oof doe rings	2001 to 2002	Wanlee Shuenyong	Amarin, Bangkok	974-7597-54-3
Turkish	Yüzüklerin Efendisi	1996 to 1998	Çiğdem Erkal İpek, Bülent Somay (poems)	Metis, Istanbul	975-342-347-0
Ukrainian	Володар Перснів Volodar Persniv	2002	Oleksandr Mokrovolskyi	Школа (Shkola)	966-661-063-9 966-661-064-7 966-661-081-7
Ukrainian	Володар Перснів Volodar Persniv	2003	Alina V. Nemirova[23]	Фоліо (Folio)	966-03-1915-0 966-03-1916-9 966-03-1917-7
Ukrainian	Володар Перстенів Volodar Persteniv	2004 to 2005	Olena Feshovets, Nazar Fedorak (poems)	Astrolabia, Lviv	966-8657-18-7
Ukrainian	Володар перснів Volodar persniv	2013	Kateryna Onishchuk-Mikhalitsyna, Nazar Fedorak (poems)	Astrolabia, Lviv	978-617-664-022-6, 978-617-664-023-3, 978-617-664-024-0
Uzbek	Uzuklar Hukmdori (I only)	2019	Shokir Zokirovich Dolimov (from the Russian translation of V. S. Muravev and A. A. Kistyakovskij)	Ilm-ziyo-zakovat	978-9943-6033-0-1
Vietnamese	Chúa tể những chiếc Nhẫn	2013 to 2014	(Prose) Nguyễn Thị Thu Yến (f), Đặng Trần Việt (m); Tâm Thuỷ (f); (Poetry) An Lý (f)	Nhã Nam, Hanoi	—
Yiddish	דער האַר פֿון די פֿינגערלעך Der Har fun di Fingerlekh	2016	Barry Goldstein	—	978-1500410223, 978-1512129038, 978-1517654474

See also

• Translations of The Hobbit