Maykopsky otdel

The Maykopsky otdel^[a] was a district (otdel - literally "department") of the Kuban oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Kavkazsky otdel to the north, the Yekaterinodarsky otdel to the west, the Black Sea Governorate to the south, and the Labinsky and Batalpashinsky otdels to the east. The area of the Maykopsky otdel mostly corresponded to Adygea within Russia. The district was eponymously named for its administrative center, Maykop.^[1]

Maykopsky otdel Майкопскій отдѣлъ
Otdel
Location in the Kuban Oblast
Country	Russian Empire
Viceroyalty	Caucasus
Oblast	Kuban
Established	1869
Abolished	1924
Capital	Maykop
Area
• Total	16,428.79 km2 (6,343.19 sq mi)
Population  (1916)
• Total	468,453
• Density	29/km2 (74/sq mi)
• Urban	11.69%
• Rural	88.31%

Administrative divisions

The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Maykopsky otdel in 1912 were as follows:^[2]

Name	1912 population
1-y uchastok (1-й участокъ)	50,811
2-y uchastok (2-й участокъ)	55,927
3-y uchastok (3-й участокъ)	68,841
4-y uchastok (4-й участокъ)	31,570

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Maykopsky otdel had a population of 283,117 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 143,979 men and 139,138 women. The majority of the population indicated Russian to be their mother tongue, with a significant Ukrainian speaking minority.^[3]

Linguistic composition of the Maykopsky otdel in 1897^[3]

Language	Native speakers	%
Great-Russian (Russian)	161,230	56.95
Little-Russian (Ukrainian)	88,588	31.29
Circassian	13,892	4.91
Kabardian	5,851	2.07
White-Russian (Belarusian)	3,573	1.26
Abkhaz	2,101	0.74
Armenian	1,835	0.65
Greek	1,597	0.56
German	776	0.27
Mordovian	754	0.27
Tatar[b]	629	0.22
Jewish	486	0.17
Polish	356	0.13
Romani	268	0.09
Turkish	258	0.09
Czech	201	0.07
Romanian	193	0.07
Georgian	146	0.05
Nogai	67	0.02
Kazi-Kumukh	48	0.02
Bulgarian	41	0.01
Kumyk	39	0.01
Persian	39	0.01
Lithuanian	25	0.01
Kyurin	16	0.01
Bashkir	14	0.00
Avar-Andean	9	0.00
Ossetian	9	0.00
Kalmyk	8	0.00
Estonian	3	0.00
Karachay	2	0.00
Other	63	0.02
TOTAL	283,117	100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Maykopsky otdel had a population of 468,453 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 235,003 men and 233,450 women, 238,783 of whom were the permanent population, and 229,670 were temporary residents:^[6]

Nationality	Urban		Rural		TOTAL
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Russians	52,776	96.37	382,235	92.40	435,011	92.86
North Caucasians	145	0.26	25,080	6.06	25,225	5.38
Sunni Muslims[c]	0	0.00	4,629	1.12	4,629	0.99
Armenians	631	1.15	1,090	0.26	1,721	0.37
Other Europeans	693	1.27	657	0.16	1,350	0.29
Jews	459	0.84	0	0.00	459	0.10
Georgians	58	0.11	0	0.00	58	0.01
TOTAL	54,762	100.00	413,691	100.00	468,453	100.00

Notes

1. • Russian: Майко́пскій отдѣ́лъ, romanized: Maykópsky otdél
   • Ukrainian: Майкопський відділ, romanized: Maykopskyy viddil
2. Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".^[4][5]
3. Primarily Turco-Tatars.^[7]