OASL

59 kDa 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the OASL gene.^[5][6]

OASL
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1WH3, 4XQ7
Identifiers
Aliases	OASL, OASLd, TRIP-14, TRIP14, p59 p59-p592'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase like, OASL1
External IDs	OMIM: 603281; MGI: 2180849; HomoloGene: 2769; GeneCards: OASL; OMA:OASL - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12q24.31 Start 121,017,763 bp[1] End 121,039,242 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 5 (mouse)[2] Band 5|5 F Start 115,061,299 bp[2] End 115,075,974 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in granulocyte blood pancreatic ductal cell monocyte mucosa of ileum mucosa of transverse colon decidua right lung right lobe of liver bone marrow Top expressed in pyloric antrum mucous cell of stomach intestinal villus epithelium of stomach duodenum jejunum granulocyte ileum large intestine colon More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity DNA binding thyroid hormone receptor binding 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity double-stranded RNA binding ATP binding RNA binding Cellular component cytoplasm membrane nucleolus nucleus nucleoplasm cytosol Biological process immune system process interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway response to virus negative regulation of viral genome replication type I interferon signaling pathway immune response innate immune response defense response to virus regulation of ribonuclease activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 8638 231655 Ensembl ENSG00000135114 ENSMUSG00000041827 UniProt Q15646 Q8VI94 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_198213 NM_001261825 NM_003733 NM_001395418 NM_001395419 NM_145209 NM_001359945 NM_001359946 RefSeq (protein) NP_001248754 NP_003724 NP_937856 NP_660210 NP_001346874 NP_001346875 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 121.02 – 121.04 Mb Chr 5: 115.06 – 115.08 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase is a protein family of structurally similar proteins, including OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3. However, mutations in the OAS domain mean it lacks the motif to allow oligomerization, preventing the synthesis of oligoadenylates. OASL, like the proteins of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase family, is induced by interferons.

Function

RNA Virus Infection

In RNA virus infection, viral genetic material binds to the RNA sensor RIG-I, triggering a reaction cascade that culminates in the secretion of type I interferons.^[7] OASL acts as a sensitiser of RIG-I, binding to the caspase activation and recruitment domain and enhancing interferon production.^[8]

DNA Virus Infection

While OASL has an anti-viral role in RNA viral infection, it has also demonstrated a pro-viral role in DNA viral infection.^[9] OASL can bind to the viral DNA sensor cGAS, inhibiting its catalytic activity and preventing the secretion of interferons.^[10]

Intracellular Bacterial Infection

OASL is shown to be upregulated during a wide variety of vacuolar and cytosolic bacterial infections.^[11] It possesses an ability to inhibit autophagic mechanisms and antimicrobial peptide secretion within the host cell through unclear mechanisms, preventing clearance of the pathogen and creating a favourable intracellular environment.^[12]

See also

• Oasl2, a mouse gene, which is a paralog of mouse gene Oasl1, the ortholog of this gene