RACGAP1

Rac GTPase-activating protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RACGAP1 gene.^[5]

RACGAP1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2OVJ, 3W6R, 3WPQ, 3WPS, 4B6D, 5C2J, 5C2K
Identifiers
Aliases	RACGAP1, CYK4, HsCYK-4, ID-GAP, MgcRacGAP, Rac GTPase activating protein 1, CDAN3B
External IDs	OMIM: 604980; MGI: 1349423; HomoloGene: 8077; GeneCards: RACGAP1; OMA:RACGAP1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12q13.12 Start 49,976,923 bp[1] End 50,033,136 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse)[2] Band 15|15 F1 Start 99,518,377 bp[2] End 99,549,537 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in ventricular zone ganglionic eminence trabecular bone sperm secondary oocyte oral cavity bone marrow amniotic fluid gonad right testis Top expressed in ventricular zone spermatocyte spermatid endocardial cushion yolk sac dermis atrioventricular valve atrium thymus ganglionic eminence More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function microtubule binding alpha-tubulin binding metal ion binding protein binding beta-tubulin binding gamma-tubulin binding protein kinase binding phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding lipid binding GTPase activator activity Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol centralspindlin complex membrane extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane plasma membrane spindle nucleoplasm acrosomal vesicle spindle midzone cleavage furrow mitotic spindle microtubule extracellular exosome cytoskeleton nucleus cytoplasmic vesicle midbody Flemming body Biological process cell differentiation intracellular signal transduction antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II mitotic spindle midzone assembly sulfate transport mitotic cytokinesis ion transport cell division positive regulation of cytokinesis multicellular organism development microtubule-based movement actomyosin contractile ring assembly spermatogenesis neuroblast proliferation cell cycle regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction signal transduction positive regulation of GTPase activity retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum regulation of embryonic development transport Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 29127 26934 Ensembl ENSG00000161800 ENSMUSG00000023015 UniProt Q9H0H5 Q9WVM1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001126103 NM_001126104 NM_013277 NM_001319999 NM_001320000 NM_001320001 NM_001320002 NM_001320003 NM_001320004 NM_001320005 NM_001320006 NM_001320007 NM_001253808 NM_001253809 NM_012025 RefSeq (protein) NP_001119575 NP_001119576 NP_001306928 NP_001306929 NP_001306930 NP_001306931 NP_001306932 NP_001306933 NP_001306934 NP_001306935 NP_001306936 NP_037409 NP_001240737 NP_001240738 NP_036155 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 49.98 – 50.03 Mb Chr 15: 99.52 – 99.55 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

Rho GTPases control a variety of cellular processes. There are 3 subtypes of Rho GTPases in the Ras superfamily of small G proteins: RHO (see MIM 165370), RAC (see RAC1; MIM 602048), and CDC42 (MIM 116952). GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) bind activated forms of Rho GTPases and stimulate GTP hydrolysis. Through this catalytic function, Rho GAPs negatively regulate Rho-mediated signals. GAPs may also serve as effector molecules and play a role in signaling downstream of Rho and other Ras-like GTPases.[supplied by OMIM].^[6] Over-expression of RACGAP1 is observed in multiple human cancers including breast cancer,^[7] gastric cancer^[8] and colorectal cancer.^[9] Evidence show that RACGAP1 can modulate mitochondrial quality control by stimulating mitopahy and mitochondrial biogenesis in breast cancer.^[10][11] Knocking out RACGAP1 in vitro using CRISPR/Cas9 leads to cytokinesis failure.^[12]

Interactions

RACGAP1 has been shown to interact with ECT2,^[13] Rnd2^[14] and SLC26A8.^[15]

During cytokinesis, RACGAP1 has been shown to interact with KIF23 to form the centralspindlin complex.^[16] This complex is essential for the formation of the central spindle. RACGAP1 also interacts with PRC1 to stabilize and maintain the central spindle as anaphase proceeds.^[17] RACGAP1 can also interact with ECT2 during anaphase of cytokinesis, loss of RACGAP1 leads to cytokinesis failure.^[18]