Sumenep Regency

Sumenep is a regency of the East Java province, Indonesia. It has an area of 2,093.47 square kilometres (808.29 sq mi) and an population of 1,143,002 (comprising 552,127 males and 590,875 females) as at mid 2024.^[1] The administrative capital is Kota Sumenep, has a name that reflects it is historical and cultural evolution. Formerly, the area was briefly known as Sungeneb^[a] in the 13th century, Purwareja^[b] in the 15th century, and Sumekar^[c] in the 16th century.^[6]

Sumenep Regency Kabupaten Sumenep Sungeneb Purwareja Sumekar
Regency
Regional transcription(s)
• Madurese	Songennep (Latèn) سَوڠۤنّۤڤ‎ (Pèghun) ꦯꦺꦴꦔꦼꦤ꧀ꦤꦼꦥ꧀ (Carakan)
Royal Palace of Sumenep Gili Labak Island Asta Tinggi Cemetery Bujuk Gubang's Grave Saebus Beach
Coat of arms
Nicknames:  Bumi Sumekar "Land of the Sumekar", Bumi Garam "Land of Salt", Solonya Madura "Solo of Madura", etc
Motto(s):  Sumekar (Kawi for ''Blooming'') Word meaning: "Always Developing"
Location within East Java
Sumenep Regency Location in Java and Indonesia Show map of Java Sumenep Regency Sumenep Regency (Indonesia) Show map of Indonesia
Coordinates: 7°01′S 113°52′E
Country	Indonesia
Province	East Java
Incorporated	8 August 1950
Legal basis	Law No. 12/1950
Anniversary	31 October 1269; 755 years ago (1269-10-31)
Founded by	Arya Wiraraja
Named for	Kawi: ᬲᬸᬗᭂᬦᭂᬩ᭄, romanized: Suṅĕnĕb, lit. ''The Quiet Valley'', pronounced: [suˈŋǝ.nǝb̚]
Capital	Kota Sumenep
Subdivisions	27 districts
Government
• Type	Regency of East Java
• Body	Sumenep Local Government
• Regent	Dewi Khalifah (acting)
• Vice regent	Vacant
• Regional secretary	Edy Rasyadi
• Speaker of the regional parliament	Zainal Arifin
Area
• Land	2,093.47 km2 (808.29 sq mi)
• Water	9,319.65 km2 (3,598.34 sq mi)
• Rank	5th in East Java
Elevation	25 m (82 ft)
Highest elevation (Mount Tembuku)	471 m (1,545 ft)
Lowest elevation (Java⠀Sea)	0 m (0 ft)
Population  (mid 2024 estimate)[1]
• Total	1,143,002
• Rank	15th in East Java
• Density	546/km2 (1,410/sq mi)
• Rank	35th in East Java
Demonym(s)	Sumenepese (en) Sumenepan (id) Sumenebhân (mad)
Demographics
• Ethnic groups[2]	94.98% Madurese 2.58% Bajonese 0.93% Mandarese 0.76% Buginese 0.24% Chinese 0.15% Arabs 0.36% Others
• Religion[3]	99.83% Islam 0.05% Protestantism 0.04% Catholicism 0.02% Buddhism 0.01% Hinduism 0.01% Confucianism 0.01% Others
• Languages	Indonesian (official) Madurese (regional) Bajonese Mandarese Buginese Others
Time zone	UTC+7 (IWST)
Postal code	69412 – 69493
Area code	(+62) 328 (mainland) (+62) 327 (maritime)
Vehicle registration	M xxxx U*/V*/W*/X*/Y*/Z*
Nominal GRDP[4]	2023
- Total	Rp 42.847 billion US$ 2.765 billion
- Per capita	Rp 37,370 US$ 2,412
- Growth	5.3%
HDI (2023)[5]	0.691 (Medium)
Airport (main airport)	Trunojoyo Airport
Seaport (main seaport)	Port of Kalianget
Bus station (main bus station)	Arya Wiraraja bus station
Regional slogan	Bismillah Melayani "Serving in God's name"
Tourism slogan	Visit Sumenep, The Soul of Madura
Floral emblem	Beach sheoak (Casuarina equisetifolia)
Faunal emblem	Maduran cattle (B. indicus × B. javanicus)
Website	sumenepkab.go.id
Endemic flowers Kamandin saebo (Glossocardia leschenaultii), restricted to the Guluk Guluk District Endemic trees Kangean almond (Terminalia kangeanensis), restricted to the Kangean Island Endemic mammals Raas cat (Felis catus), restricted to the Raas Island Endemic birds Abbott's cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea abbotti), restricted to the Masakambing Island

The regency occupies the eastern end of Madura island and also includes numerous smaller islands to the east (primarily Talango Island, the Sapudi Islands, and the Kangean Islands), to the north (the Masalembu Islands), and to the south (the Giligenteng Islands) of Madura. It is bordered by the Pamekasan Regency to the west, Madura Strait to the south, and the Java Sea to the north and east. The airport nearby is Trunojoyo Airport with flights to Surabaya.

Geography

Sumenep Regency is located at the eastern end of Madura Island; it also includes 126 scattered islands located between 113 ° 32'54 "-116 ° 16'48" East Longitude and between 4 ° 55'-7 ° 24 'South latitude. The regency is bordered to the south by the Strait of Madura and the Bali Sea, to the north by the Java Sea, to the west by Pamekasan Regency (the only land border), and to the east by the Java Sea and the Flores Sea.

Area

The total land area of Sumenep Regency is 2,093.47 km²: this was formerly quoted as comprising 179.32 km² of settlements, 423.96 km² of forest, 14.68 km² of grass area or vacant land, 1,130.19 km² of farm/moor/bush/field, 59.07 km² of pool/aquaculture/brackish water/lakes/reservoirs/wetlands, and 63.41 km² of "other" areas. The marine area of Sumenep Regency, with its vast diversity of marine resources and potential for fishery, is about 9,319.65 km².

Climate

Sumenep has a tropical savanna climate (Aw) with May to November and heavy rainfall from December to April.

Climate data for Sumenep
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	30.7 (87.3)	30.9 (87.6)	31.1 (88.0)	31.8 (89.2)	31.7 (89.1)	31.3 (88.3)	31.1 (88.0)	31.4 (88.5)	32.1 (89.8)	32.7 (90.9)	32.7 (90.9)	31.5 (88.7)	31.6 (88.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)	26.4 (79.5)	26.6 (79.9)	26.9 (80.4)	27.4 (81.3)	27.3 (81.1)	26.8 (80.2)	26.5 (79.7)	26.6 (79.9)	27.1 (80.8)	27.8 (82.0)	27.8 (82.0)	27.1 (80.8)	27.0 (80.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	22.2 (72.0)	22.4 (72.3)	22.7 (72.9)	23.0 (73.4)	22.9 (73.2)	22.4 (72.3)	21.9 (71.4)	21.8 (71.2)	22.2 (72.0)	22.9 (73.2)	23.0 (73.4)	22.7 (72.9)	22.5 (72.5)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	275 (10.8)	246 (9.7)	244 (9.6)	168 (6.6)	122 (4.8)	74 (2.9)	37 (1.5)	8 (0.3)	7 (0.3)	37 (1.5)	112 (4.4)	237 (9.3)	1,567 (61.7)
Source: Climate-Data.org[7]

Administrative districts

Sumenep Regency is divided into twenty-seven districts (kecamatan), listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census^[8] and the 2020 census,^[9] together with the official estimates as of mid-2024.^[1] The table also includes the location of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 328 rural desa and 4 urban kelurahan - the latter all in Kota Sumenep District), and their postcodes.

Sumenep Regency, besides including the eastern quarter of Madura Island, also includes many offshore islands - notably the Kangean Islands to the east of Madura, the smaller Sapudi Islands lying between Madura and the Kangean Islands, and Talango Island closer to Madura; it also includes the small Masalembu Islands to the north (between Madura and Kalimantan) and the Giligenteng Islands to the southeast of Madura. The mainland (i.e. the area on Madura Island itself) covers 1,156.07 km² (with 812,117 inhabitants in mid 2024) consisting of 18 districts, while the various islands are 937.40 km² in area (with 330,885 people in mid 2024), comprising 9 districts, with 128 islands, 46 inhabited.^{[10] [8][11]}

Kode Wilayah	Name of District (kecamatan)	Area in km2	Pop'n 2010 census	Pop'n 2020 census	Pop'n mid 2024 estimate	Admin centre	No. of villages	Post codes
35.29.11	Pragaan	57.84	65,152	65,764	67,621	Pragaan Laok	14	69465
35.29.05	Bluto	51.25	45,142	47,025	49,765	Bunbungan	20	69466
35.29.06	Saronggi	67.71	34,282	36,880	39,007	Tanah Merah	14	69467
35.29.08	Giligenteng (islands)	30.32	26,524	24,411	24,006	Aenganyar	8	69482
35.29.04	Talango (island)	50.27	36,737	38,400	38,720	Talango	8	69481
35.29.02	Kalianget	30.19	39,253	41,713	42,697	Kalianget Timur	7	69471
35.29.01	Kota Sumenep	27.84	70,744	75,367	76,701	Pamolokan	16 (a)	69412 - 69417
35.29.26	Batuan	27.10	12,097	13,412	13,852	Batuan	7	69451
35.29.07	Lenteng	71.41	56,777	61,073	62,606	Ellak Laok	20	69461
35.29.10	Ganding	53.97	35,671	36,571	37,326	Ketawang Larangan	14	69462
35.29.09	Guluk Guluk	59.57	50,803	50,384	50,498	Guluk-Guluk	12	69463
35.29.13	Pasongsongan	119.03	43,221	51,713	52,023	Panaongan	10	69457
35.29.12	Ambunten	50.54	37,702	40,048	40,832	Ambunten Timur	15	69455
35.29.15	Rubaru	84.46	36,453	39,224	40,681	Rubaru	11	69456
35.29.14	Dasuk	64.50	29,420	30,078	31,424	Kerta Timur	15	69454
35.29.03	Manding	68.88	27,922	29,716	30,611	Manding Laok	11	69452
35.29.17	Batuputih	112.31	42,482	43,551	45,000	Batuputih Laok	14	69453
35.29.19	Gapura	65.78	36,771	37,191	38,871	Gapura Barat	17	69472
35.29.16	Batang Batang	80.36	51,948	54,277	55,781	Batang-Batang Daya	16	69473
35.29.17	Dungkek (b)	63.36	36,115	35,518	36,821	Dungkek	15	69474
	Sapudi Islands:	(167.41)	(82,024)	(85,284)	(78,029)		(27)
35.29.21	Nonggunong	40.08	13,194	13,643	13,597	Sokarame Paseser	8	69484
35.29.20	Gayam	88.40	32,303	32,059	32,012	Pancor	10	69483
35.29.22	Raas	38.93	36,527	39,582	32,420	Brakas	9	69485
	Kangean Islands:	(652.53)	(123,367)	(161,056)	(164,580)		(37)
35.29.25	Sapeken [12]	205.75	43,117	50,325	55,416	Sapeken	9	69493
35.29.24	Arjasa [13]	241.97	59,702	85,048	83,986	Kalikatak	19	69491
35.29.27	Kangayan [14]	204.81	20,548	25,683	25,178	Kangayan	9	69490
	Masalembu Islands:	(40.85)	(21,705)	(25,809)	(25,550)		(4)
35.29.23	Masalembu	40.85	21,705	25,809	25,550	Suka Jeruk	4	69492

Note: (a) comprising 4 kelurahan (Bangselok, Karangduak, Kepanjin and Pajagalan) and 12 desa.
(b) includes the island of Gili Iyang (also known as Pulau Oksigen) east of Madura, with an area of 9.15 km² and an estimated mid-2023 population of about 8,600 people in 2 desa (Bancamara in the south and Banraas in the north).

The districts are subdivided (as at 2007) into:

• Villages: 328 rural desa and 4 urban kelurahan (all 4 kelurahan are in Kota Sumenep District)
• Pillars of Citizens (RW): 1,774
• Neighborhoods (RT): 5,569

Notes

1. • Kawi: ᬲᬸᬗᭂᬦᭂᬩ᭄, romanized: Suṅĕnĕb, pronounced [suˈŋǝ.nǝb̚]
   • Madurese: Songennep, pronounced [sɔˈŋənːəp̚]
   • Javanese: Sunginěp, pronounced [suˈŋɪ.nǝp̚]
2. • Kawi: ᬧᬹᬃᬯ᭄ᬯᬭᬵᬚ, romanized: Pūrwarāja, pronounced [pur.waˈra.d͡ʒa]
   • Madurese: Porbârejhâ, pronounced [pɔr.bɤˈrǝ.d͡ʒʰɤ]
   • Javanese: Purwårějå, pronounced [pur.wɔˈrǝ.d͡ʒɔ]
3. • Kawi: ᬲᬸᬫᭂᬓᬃ, romanized: Sumĕkar, pronounced [suˈmǝ.kar]
   • Madurese: Somekkar, pronounced [sɔˈmǝkːar]
   • Javanese: Suměkar, pronounced [suˈmǝk.ar]