VAMP2

Vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VAMP2 gene.^[5][6]

VAMP2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3FIE, 3FII, 3RK2, 3RK3, 3RL0
Identifiers
Aliases	VAMP2, SYB2, VAMP-2, vesicle associated membrane protein 2, NEDHAHM
External IDs	OMIM: 185881; MGI: 1313277; HomoloGene: 7591; GeneCards: VAMP2; OMA:VAMP2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17p13.1 Start 8,159,149 bp[1] End 8,163,546 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11|11 B3 Start 68,979,316 bp[2] End 68,983,210 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in Brodmann area 10 frontal pole paraflocculus of cerebellum right frontal lobe right hemisphere of cerebellum cingulate gyrus anterior cingulate cortex Amygdala nucleus accumbens anterior pituitary Top expressed in perirhinal cortex entorhinal cortex superior frontal gyrus primary visual cortex dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell neural layer of retina CA3 field cerebellar cortex prefrontal cortex subiculum More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function SNAP receptor activity protein self-association protein binding syntaxin-1 binding SNARE binding calmodulin binding syntaxin binding phospholipid binding calcium-dependent protein binding Cellular component integral component of membrane cytosol clathrin-sculpted monoamine transport vesicle membrane membrane secretory granule membrane plasma membrane clathrin-sculpted gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle membrane synapse integral component of plasma membrane synaptic vesicle membrane zymogen granule membrane cell junction neuron projection cytoplasmic vesicle clathrin-coated vesicle clathrin-sculpted glutamate transport vesicle membrane secretory granule intracellular membrane-bounded organelle synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin I complex synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a complex SNARE complex synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-complexin II complex voltage-gated potassium channel complex trans-Golgi network synaptic vesicle vesicle perinuclear region of cytoplasm neuron projection terminus clathrin-coated vesicle membrane Biological process natural killer cell degranulation mucus secretion regulation of histamine secretion by mast cell neutrophil degranulation glutamate secretion vesicle fusion eosinophil degranulation vesicle-mediated transport exocytosis response to glucose membrane fusion regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity calcium-ion regulated exocytosis regulation of exocytosis positive regulation of intracellular protein transport protein transport Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport synaptic vesicle exocytosis cellular response to insulin stimulus long-term potentiation regulation of vesicle-mediated transport membrane organization protein-containing complex assembly post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport neurotransmitter secretion Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6844 22318 Ensembl ENSG00000220205 ENSMUSG00000020894 UniProt P63027 P63044 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_014232 NM_001330125 NM_009497 RefSeq (protein) NP_001317054 NP_055047 NP_033523 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 8.16 – 8.16 Mb Chr 11: 68.98 – 68.98 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Hypothetic models of VAMP2 conformations and engagement in SNARE complex assembly for neurotransmitter release

Function

Synaptobrevins/VAMPs, syntaxins, and the 25-kD synaptosomal-associated protein SNAP25 are the main components of a protein complex involved in the docking and/or fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. VAMP2 is a member of the vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP)/synaptobrevin family. VAMP2 is thought to participate in neurotransmitter release at a step between docking and fusion. Mice lacking functional synaptobrevin2/VAMP2 gene cannot survive after birth, and have a dramatically reduced synaptic transmission, around 10% of control.^[7] The protein forms a stable complex with syntaxin, synaptosomal-associated protein, 25 kD, and complexin. It also forms a distinct complex with synaptophysin.^[6]

Clinical significance

Heterozygous mutations in VAMP2 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia and autistic features (with or without hyperkinetic movements).^[8][9][10]

Interactions

VAMP2 has been shown to interact with:

• RABAC1,^[11]
• SNAP-25,^[12][13][14]
• SNAP23,^[15][16][17]
• STX1A,^{[13][14][18][19][20][21]} and
• STX4.^{[15][22][23][24]}