剴

See also: 剀

剴 U+5274, 剴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5274 ← 剳 [U+5273] CJK Unified Ideographs 創 → [U+5275]

Translingual

Han character

剴 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 山廿中弓 (UTLN), four-corner 2210₀, composition ⿰豈刂)

1. sharpen
2. carefully, thorough

Derived characters

• 𫦠

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 142, character 45
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2122
• Dae Jaweon: page 323, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 350, character 7
• Unihan data for U+5274

Chinese

trad.		剴
simp.		剀

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 剴
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (豈) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
獃	*tŋɯː, *ŋɯː
剴	*kŋɯːl, *ŋɯːl
凱	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
愷	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
塏	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
鎧	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls
颽	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
暟	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ
闓	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls
豈	*ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ
隑	*ɡɯːls, *ŋɯːl
皚	*ŋɯːl
嵦	*ŋɡɯːl
敳	*ŋɯːl
磑	*ŋɯːl, *ŋuːl, *ŋuːls
螘	*ŋralʔ, *ŋɯlʔ
覬	*krɯls
溰	*ŋɯl
顗	*ŋɯlʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kŋɯːl, *ŋɯːl): phonetic 豈 (OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kǎi (kai³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄞˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi² / goi¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kǎi
    • Wade–Giles: kʻai³
    • Yale: kǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kae
    • Palladius: кай (kaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hoi² / goi¹
    • Yale: hói / gōi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoi² / goi¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hoi² / goi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːi̯³⁵/, /kɔːi̯⁵⁵/

Note: goi¹ - variant.

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• Middle Chinese: koj, ngoj

Rime
Character	剴	剴
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	古哀切	五來切
Baxter	koj	ngoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʌi/	/ŋʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/kəi/	/ŋəi/
Shao Rongfen	/kɒi/	/ŋɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəj/	/ŋəj/
Li Rong	/kᴀi/	/ŋᴀi/
Wang Li	/kɒi/	/ŋɒi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɑ̆i/	/ŋɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gāi	ái
Expected Cantonese Reflex	goi1	ngoi4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kŋɯːl/, /*ŋɯːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	剴	剴
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10101	10117
Phonetic component	豈	豈
Rime group	微	微
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	該	皚
Old Chinese	/*kŋɯːl/	/*ŋɯːl/

Definitions

剴

1. (Classical) scythe
2. (Classical) to grind, hone

   Synonym: 刉 (jī)

3. (by extension, literary) to exhort, admonish; exhortative
4. (literary) to the point, pertinent(ly); earnest(ly)

Compounds

• 剴切 / 剀切 (kǎiqiè)
• 剴到 / 剀到
• 剴拂 / 剀拂
• 剴摯 / 剀挚
• 剴易 / 剀易
• 剴直 / 剀直
• 剴諷 / 剀讽
• 誠剴 / 诚剀

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 剴 – see 捱 (“to get close to; to bear”). (This character is a variant form of 捱).

References

• 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “剴”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00367
• “剴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

剴

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. scythe
2. suitability

Readings

• On (unclassified): がい (gai)、かい (kai)
• Kun: きる (kiru)、こする (kosuru)

Korean

Hanja

剴 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.