橈

See also: 𣓤 and 桡

橈 U+6A48, 橈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A48 ← 橇 [U+6A47] CJK Unified Ideographs 橉 → [U+6A49]

Translingual

Traditional	橈
Shinjitai (extended)	𣓤
Simplified	桡

Han character

橈 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木土土山 (DGGU), four-corner 4491₁, composition ⿰木堯)

1. bent or twisted piece of wood
2. radius (bone of the forearm)
3. paddle, oar

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 552, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15521
• Dae Jaweon: page 941, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1286, character 8
• Unihan data for U+6A48

Chinese

trad.		橈
simp.		桡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (垚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撓	*hŋaːw, *rŋaːw, *rnaːwʔ
鐃	*rŋaːw
譊	*rŋaːw
橈	*rŋaːws, *ŋjew
磽	*ŋ̊ʰreːw, *ŋreːws, *ŋ̊ʰeːwʔ
墝	*ŋ̊ʰreːw
穘	*hŋreːw
顤	*hŋreːw, *ŋeːws
燒	*hŋjew, *hŋjaws
饒	*ŋjew, *ŋjaws
蟯	*ŋjew, *ʔŋew
蕘	*ŋjew
襓	*ŋjew
繞	*ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws
遶	*ŋjewʔ
嬈	*njewʔ, *neːwʔ, *hŋeːws
趬	*ŋ̊ʰew, *ŋ̊ʰews
蹺	*ŋ̊ʰew
翹	*ɡew, *ɡews
澆	*ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws
驍	*ŋkeːw
僥	*kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw
堯	*ŋeːw
垚	*ŋeːw
嶢	*ŋeːw
獟	*ŋeːws
膮	*hŋeːw, *hŋeːwʔ
嘵	*hŋeːw
憢	*hŋeːw
曉	*hŋeːwʔ
皢	*hŋeːwʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rŋaːws, *ŋjew): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).

Etymology

oar

Attested earliest in Chuci. Schuessler (2007) proposes an Austroasiatic etymology by comparing it to Khmer ថ្នោល (thnaol, “punting pole”), itself an n-infixed derivation from ដោល (daol, “to punt”); foreign closed syllables having a long main vowel often correspond to open syllables in Old Chinese (ibid.).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): náo (nao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): naau⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: náo
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: náo
    • Wade–Giles: nao²
    • Yale: náu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nau
    • Palladius: нао (nao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: naau⁴
    • Yale: nàauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nao⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːu̯²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: nraewH

Rime
Character	橈
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	奴敎切
Baxter	nraewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠauH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚauH/
Shao Rongfen	/nauH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳaɨwH/
Li Rong	/nauH/
Wang Li	/nauH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/nauH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naau6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[n]ˤrew-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*rŋaːws/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	橈
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	náo
Middle Chinese	‹ nræwH ›
Old Chinese	/*[n]ˁrew-s/
English	bent wood
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	橈
Reading #	1/2
No.	14660
Phonetic component	垚
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	橈
Old Chinese	/*rŋaːws/

Definitions

橈

1. bent
2. to distort; to misinterpret; to twist
3. to treat unjustly; to wrong
4. to disturb; to disrupt
5. to weaken; to cripple

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ráo, náo (rao², nao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄠˊ, ㄋㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu⁴ / naau⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ráo
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ráo
    • Wade–Giles: jao²
    • Yale: ráu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rau
    • Palladius: жао (žao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: náo
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: náo
    • Wade–Giles: nao²
    • Yale: náu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nau
    • Palladius: нао (nao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jiu⁴ / naau⁴
    • Yale: yìuh / nàauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jiu⁴ / naau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yiu⁴ / nao⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯²¹/, /naːu̯²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: nraewH

Rime
Character	橈
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	奴敎切
Baxter	nraewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠauH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚauH/
Shao Rongfen	/nauH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳaɨwH/
Li Rong	/nauH/
Wang Li	/nauH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/nauH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naau6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ew/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋjew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	橈
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ráo
Middle Chinese	‹ nyew ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ew/ (< uvular?)
English	oar
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	橈
Reading #	2/2
No.	14669
Phonetic component	垚
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	饒
Old Chinese	/*ŋjew/

Definitions

橈

1. paddle; oar

Compounds

• 橈動脈 / 桡动脉
• 橈骨 / 桡骨
• 肱橈肌 / 肱桡肌

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	𣓤
Print standard	橈

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 橈

橈

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𣓤)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: にょう (nyō)^{←ねう (neu, historical)}
• Kan-on: どう (dō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}、じょう (jō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}
• Kun: たわむ (tawamu, 橈む)、かじ (kaji, 橈)

Korean

Hanja

橈 (eum 요 (yo))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

橈: Hán Nôm readings: nạo, nhiêu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.